Abstract
Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, LIBS, is a method utilizing laser ablation and the subsequent atomic emission from the plasma for elemental analysis. Besides the acronym LIBS, today other designations such as LIPS (laser-induced plasma spectroscopy), LA-OES (laser ablation optical emission spectroscopy), or LSS (laser spark spectroscopy) can be found in the literature. Laser ablation is at present the only analytical method that offers direct sampling from any kind of material without sample preparation. So LIBS allows a multielement analysis of virtually all type of materials (gas, solids, liquids) through atomic emission spectroscopy. Today’s availability of reliable and less costly laser sources and improved detectors permits a rapid, on-line, and in-situ analysis with LIBS. This makes LIBS especially attractive for all kind of process analysis and environmental screening and monitoring.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aguilera JA, Aragon C, Campos J (1992) Determination of carbon content in steel using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 46: 1382–1387
Amoruso S, Bruzzese R, Spinelli N, Velotta R (1999) Characterization of laser-ablation plasmas. J. Phys. B 32: R131 - R172
Andre N, Geertsen C, Lacour JL, Mauchien P, Sjostrom S (1994) UV Laser ablation-optical emission spectrometry on aluminium alloys in air at atmospheric pressure. Spectrochim. Acta B 49: 1363–1372
Anzano JM, Gornushkin IB, Smith BW, Winefordner JD (2000) Laser-induced plasma spectroscopy for plastic identification. Polym. Eng. Sc. 40: 2423–2429
Aragon C, Aguilera JA, Penalba F (1999) Improvements in quantitative analysis of steel composition by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy at atmospheric pressure using an infrared Nd:YAG laser. Appl. Spectrosc. 53: 1259–1267
Arca G, Ciucci A, Palleschi V, Rastelli S, Tognoni E (1997) Trace element analysis in water by the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy technique. Appl. Spectrosc. 51: 1102–1105
Arnold SD, Cremers DA (1995) Rapid determination of metal particles on air sampling filters using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Amer. Ind. Hyg. Assn. J. 56: 1180–1186
Barbini R, Colao F, Fantoni R, Palucci A, Ribezzo S, vanderSteen HJL, Angelone M (1997) Semi-quantitative time resolved LIBS measurements. Appl. Phys. B 65: 101–107
Bassiotis I, Diamantopoulou A, Giannoudakos A, Roubani-Kalantzopoulou F, Kompitsas M (2001) Effects of experimental parameters in quantitative analysis of steel alloy by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta B 56: 671–683
Bauer HE, Leis F, Niemax K (1998) Laser induced breakdown spectrometry with an échelle spectrometer and and intensified charge coupled device detection. Spectrochim. Acta B 53: 1815–1825
Bettis JR (1992) Correlation among the laser-induced breakdown thresholds in solids, liquids, and gases. Appl. Opt. 31: 3448–3452
Brech F, Cross L (1962) Optical microemission stimulated by a ruby maser. Appl. Spectrosc. 16: 59
Castle BC, Knight AK, Visser K, Smith BW, Winefordner JD (1998) Battery powered laser-induced plasma spectrometer for elemental determinations. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 13: 589–595
Chadwick BL, Body D (2002) Development and commercial evaluation of LIBS chemical analysis technology in the coal power generation industry. Appl. Spectrosc. 56: 70–74
Chaleard C, Mauchien P, Andre N, Uebbing J, Lacour JL, Geertsen C (1997) Correction of matrix effects in quantitative elemental analysis with laser-ablation optical-emission spectrometry. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 12: 183–188
Chen G, Yeung ES (1988) Acoustic signal as an internal standard for quantitation in laser-generated plumes. Anal. Chem. 60: 2258–2263
Ciucci A, Corsi M, Palleschi V, Rastelli S, Salvetti A, Tognoni E (1999) New procedure for quantitative elemental analysis by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 53: 960–964
Cremers DA (1987) The analysis of metals at a distance using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 41: 572–578
Cremers DA, Barefield JE, Koskelo AC (1995) Remote elemental analysis by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy using a fiber-optic cable. Appl. Spectrosc. 49: 857–860
Cremers DA, Radziemski LJ (1983) Detection of chlorine and fluorine in air by laser- induced breakdown spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 55: 1252–1256
Cremers DA, Radziemski LJ (1985) Direct detection of beryllium on filters using the laser spark. Appl. Spectrosc. 39: 57–63
Eppler AS, Cremers DA, Hickmott DD, Ferris MJ, Koskelo AC (1996) Matrix effects in the detection of Pb and Ba in soils using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 50: 1175–1181
Essien M, Radziemski LJ, Sneddon J (1988) Detection of Cd, Pb and zinc in aerosols by laser-induced breakdown spectrometry. J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom. 3: 985–988
Fichet P, Mauchien P, Moulin C (1999) Determination of impurities in uranium and plutonium dioxides by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 53: 11111117
Fichet P, Mauchien P, Wagner JF, Moulin C (2001) Quantitative elemental determination in water and oil by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. Anal. Chim. Acta 429: 269278
Fink H, Panne U, Niessner R (2001) Analysis of recycled thermoplasts from consumer electronics by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. Anal. Chim. Acta 440: 17–25
Florek S, Haisch C, Okruss M, Becker-Ross H (2001) A new, versatile echelle spectrometer relevant to laser induced plasma applications. Spectrochim. Acta B 56: 1027–1034
Garcia CC, Corral M, Vadillo JM, Laserna JJ (2000) Angle-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectrometry for depth profiling of coated materials. Appl. Spectrosc. 54: 10271031
Geertsen C, Lacour JL, Mauchien P, Pierrard L (1996) Evaluation of laser ablation optical emission spectrometry for microanalysis in aluminium samples. Spectrochim. Acta B 51: 1403–1416
Gonzalez A, Ortiz M, Campos J (1995) Determination of sulfur content in steel by laser- produced plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 49: 1632–1635
Goode SR, Morgan SL, Hoskins R, Oxsher A (2000) Identifying alloys by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with a time-resolved high resolution echelle spectrometer. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 15: 1133–1138
Gornushkin IB, Ruiz-Medina A, Anzano JM, Smith BW, Winefordner JD (2000) Identifi- cation of particulate materials by correlation analysis using a microscopic laser in- duced breakdown spectrometer. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 15: 581–586
Gornushkin IB, Smith BW, Potts GE, Omenetto N, Winefordner JD (1999) Some considerations on the correlation between signal and background in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy using single-shot analysis. Anal. Chem. 71: 5447–5449
Grant KJ, Paul GL, O’Neill JA (1991) Quantitative elemental analysis of iron ore by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 45: 701–705
Griem HR (1997) Principles of Plasma Spectroscopy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Gruber J, Heitz J, Strasser H, Bauerle D, Ramaseder N (2001) Rapid in-situ analysis of liq- uid steel by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta B 56: 685–693
Hahn DW, Lunden MM (2000) Detection and analysis of aerosol particles by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 33: 30–48
Haisch C, Liermann J, Panne U, Niessner R (1997) Characterization of colloidal particles by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS). Anal. Chim. Acta 346: 23–35
Haisch C, Niessner R, Matveev OI, Panne U, Omenetto N (1996) Development of a sensor for element-specific determination of chlorine in gases by laser-induced-breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 356: 21–26
Haisch C, Panne U, Niessner R (1998) Combination of an intensified charge coupled device with an echelle spectrograph for analysis of colloidal material by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta B 53: 1657–1667
Ito Y, Ueki O, Nakamura S (1995) Determination of colloidal iron in water by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Anal. Chim. Acta 299: 401–405
Jensen LC, Langford SC, Dickinson JT, Addleman RS (1995) Mechanistic studies of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of model environmental-samples. Spectrochim. Acta B 50: 1501–1519
Kagawa K, Kawai K, Tani M, Kobayshi T (1994) XeC1 Excimer laser-induced shock wave plasma and its application to emission spectrochemical analysis. Appl. Spectrosc. 48: 198–205
Kim DE, Yoo KJ, Park HK, Oh KJ, Kim DW (1997) Quantitative-analysis of aluminum impurities in zinc alloy by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 51: 22–29
Kossakovski D, Beauchamp JL (2000) Topographical and chemical microanalysis of surfaces with a scanning probe microscope and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Anal. Chem. 72: 4731–4737
Kurniawan H, Kagawa K, Okamoto M, Ueda M, Kobayashi T, Nakajima S (1996) Emission spectrochemical analysis of glass containing Li and K in high concentrations using a XeC1 excimer laser-induced shock wave plasma. Appl. Spectrosc. 50: 299–305
Lancaster ED, McNesby KL, Daniel RG, Miziolek AW (1999) Spectroscopic analysis of fire suppressants and refrigerants by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Opt. 38: 1476–1480
Lee YI, Sneddon J (1994) Direct and rapid determination of potassium in standard solid glasses by excimer laser ablation plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Analyst 119: 1441–1443
Lee YI, Sneddon J (1999) Laser-induced breakdown spectrometry. In: Sneddon J (ed.) Advances in Atomic Spectroscopy. Jai Press Inc, Hampton Hill, pp. 235–288
Lochte-Holtgreven W (1968) Evaluation of Plasma Parameters. In: Lochte-Holtgreven W (ed.) Plasma Diagnostics. North-Holland Publ. Company, Amsterdam, pp. 135–213
Lorenzen CJ, Carlhoff C, Hahn U, Jogwich M (1992) Applications of laser-induced emission spectral analysis for industrial process and quality control. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 7: 1029–1035
Marquardt BJ, Goode SR, Angel SM (1996) In situ determination of lead in paint by laser- induced breakdwon spectroscopy using a fiber optic probe. Anal. Chem. 68: 977–981
Martin M, Cheng MD (2000) Detection of chromium aerosol using time-resolved laser- induced plasma spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 54: 1279–1285
Miller JC, ed. (1994) Laser Ablation. Springer Verlag, Berlin
Miller JC Haglund RF, eds. (1998) Laser Ablation and Desorption. Academic Press, San Diego
Moenke-Blankenburg L (1989) Laser Micro Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, New York Morgan CG (1975) Laser-induced breakdown of gases. Rep. Prog. Phys. 38:621–665
Multari RA, Foster LE, Cremers DA, Ferris MJ (1996) Effect of sampling geometry on elemental emissions in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 50: 1483–1499
Nakamura S, Ito Y, Sone K, Hiraga H, Kaneko K (1996) Determination of an iron suspension in water by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with two sequential laser pulses. Anal. Chem. 68: 2981–2986
Neuhauser RE, Ferstl B, Haisch C, Panne U, Niessner R (1999) Design of a low-cost detec- tion system for laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 70: 3519–3522
Neuhauser RE, Panne U Niessner R (2000) Utilization of fiber optics for remote sensing by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS). Appl. Spectrosc. 54: 923–927
Neuhauser RE, Panne U, Niessner R, Petrucci GA, Cavalli P, Omenetto N (1997) On-line and in situ detection of lead aerosols by plasma spectroscopy and laser-excited atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. Anal. Chim. Acta 346: 37–48
Neuhauser RE, Panne U, Niessner R, Wilbring P (1999) On-line monitoring of chromium aerosols in industrial exhaust streams by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS). Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 364: 720–726
Ng CW, Cheung NH (2000) Detection of sodium and potassium in single human red blood cells by 193-nm laser ablative sampling: A feasibility demonstration. Anal. Chem. 72: 247–250
Ng CW, Ho FW, Cheung NH (1997) Spectrochemical analysis of liquids using laser-induced plasma emissions: Effects of laser wavelength on plasma properties. Appl. Spectrosc. 51: 976–983
Niemax K, Sdorra W (1990) Optical emission spectrometry and laser-induced fluorescence of laser produced sample plumes. Appl. Opt. 29:
Noll R, Bette H, Brysch A, Kraushaar M, Monch I, Peter L, Sturm V (2001) Laser-induced breakdown spectrometry - applications for production control and quality assurance in the steel industry. Spectrochim. Acta B 56: 637–649
Nordstrom RJ (1995) Study of laser-induced plasma emission spectra of N2, 02, and ambient air in the region 350 nm to 950 nm. Appl. Spectrosc. 49: 1490–1499
Ottesen DK (1992) Laser Spark Emission Spectroscopy of Individual Coal Particles. In: Meuzelaar HLC (ed.) Advances in Coal Spectroscopy. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 91–118
Ottesen DK, Baxter LL, Radziemski U, Burrows JF (1991) Laser spark emission spectroscopy for in situ, real-time monitoring of pulverized coal particle composition. Energ. Fuel 5: 304
Ottesen DK, Wang JCF, Radziemski U (1989) Real-Time laser spark spectroscopy of particulates in combustion environments. Appl. Spectrosc. 43: 967–976
Palanco S, Baena JM, Laserna JJ (2002) Open-path laser-induced plasma spectrometry for remote analytical measurements on solid surfaces. Spectrochim. Acta B 57: 591–599
Palanco S, Klassen M, Skupin J, Hansen K, Schubert E, Sepold G, Laserna JJ (2001) Spec- troscopic diagnostics on CW-laser welding plasmas of aluminum alloys. Spectrochim. Acta B 56: 651–659
Panne U, Haisch C, Clara M, Niessner R (1998) Analysis of glass and glass melts during the vitrification of fly and bottom ashes by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. Part 1: Normalization and plasma diagnostics,. Spectrochimica Acta B 53: 1957–1968
Panne U, Haisch C, Clara M, Niessner R (1998) Analysis of glass and glass melts during the vitrification of fly and bottom ashes by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. Part 2: Process analysis. Spectrochim. Acta B 53: 1969–1981
Panne U, Neuhauser RE, Haisch C, Fink H, Niessner R (2002) Remote analysis of a mineral melt by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 56: 375–380
Panne U, Neuhauser RE, Theisen M, Fink H, Niessner R (2001) Analysis of heavy metal aerosols on filters by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta B 56: 839-850
Parigger C, Lewis JWL (1993) Measurements of sodium chloride concentration in water droplets using laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. Opt. Comm. 12: 163–173
Radziemski U (1994) Review of selected analytical applications of laser plasmas and laser ablation, 1987–1994. Microchem. J. 50: 218–234
Radziemski LJ, Cremers DA, eds. (1989) Laser-Induced Plasmas and Applications.Marcel Dekker, New York
Ready JF (1971) Effects of High-Power Laser Radiation. Academic Press, New York Romero D, Laserna JJ (1997) Multielemental chemical imaging using laser induced breakdown spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 69: 2871–2876
Rusak DA, Castle BC, Smith BW, Winefordner JD (1998) Recent trends and the future of laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. TrAC, Trends Anal. Chem. 17: 453–461
Russo RE (1995) Laser-Ablation. Appl. Spectrosc. 49: A14 - A28
Sabsabi M, Cielo P (1995) Quantitative analysis of copper alloys by laser-produced plasma spectrometry. J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom. 10: 643–647
Sacchi CA (1991) Laser-induced eletric breakdown in water. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 8:337–345 Sattmann R, Monch I, Krause H, Noll R, Couris S, Hatziapostolou A, Mavromanolakis A
Fotakis C, Larrauri E, Miguel R (1998) Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for polymer identification. Appl. Spectrosc. 52: 456–461
Singh JP, Yueh FY, Zhang HS, Cook RL (1997) Study of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy as a process monitor and control tool for hazardous waste remediation. Process Cont. Qual. 10: 247–258
Song K, Lee YI, Sneddon J (1997) Applications of laser-induced breakdown spectrometry. Appl. Spectrosc. Rev. 32: 183–235
St-Onge L, Sabsabi M, Cielo P (1998) Analysis of solids using laser-induced plasma spectroscopy in double-pulse mode. Spectrochim. Acta B 53: 407–415
Stratis DN, Eland KL, Angel SM (2000) Dual-pulse LIBS using a pre-ablation spark for enhanced ablation and emission. Appl. Spectrosc. 54: 1270–1274
Sturm V, Peter L, Noll R (2000) Steel analysis with laser-induced breakdown spectrometry in the vacuum ultraviolet. Appl. Spectrosc. 54: 1275–1278
Su CF, Feng S, Singh JP, Yueh F-Y, Rigsby JT, III, Monts DL, Cook RL (2000) Glass composition measurement using laser induced breakdown spectrometry laser spectroscopy. Glass Technol. 41: 16–21
Sun Q, Tran M, Smith BW, Winefordner JD (2000) Determination of Mn and Si in iron ore by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. Anal. Chim Acta 413: 187–195
Uhl A, Loebe K, Kreuchwig L (2001) Fast analysis of wood preservers using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta B 56: 795–806
Vadillo JM, Vadillo I, Carrasco F, Laserna JJ (1998) Spatial distribution profiles of magnesium and strontium in speleothems using laser-induced breakdown spectrometry. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 361: 119–123
Vogel A, Busch S, Parlitz U (1996) Shock wave emission and cavitation bubble generation by picosecond and nanosecond optical breakdown in water. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 100: 148–165
Vogel A, Nahen K, Theisen D, Noack J (1996) Plasma formation in water by picosecond and nanosecond Nd:YAG laser pulses - part I: optical breakdown at threshold and superthreshold irradiance. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2: 847–860
Wallis FJ, Chadwick BL, Morrison RJS (2000) Analysis of lignite using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 54: 1231–1235
Whitehouse AI, Young J, Botheroyd IM, Lawson S, Evans CP, Wright J (2001) Remote material analysis of nuclear power station steam generator tubes by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta B 56: 821–830
Williamson CK, Daniel RG, McNesby KL, Miziolek AW (1998) Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for real-time detection of halon alternative agents. Anal. Chem. 70: 11861191
Wisbrun R, Niessner R, Schröder H (1993) Laser-Induced breakdown spectrometry as a fast screening sensor for environmental analysis of trace amounts of heavy metals. Anal. Methods Instrum. 1: 17–22
Xu L, Bulatov V, Gridin VV, Schechter I (1997) Absolute analysis of particulate materials by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Anal. Chem. 69: 2103–2108
Yamamoto KY, Cremers DA, Ferris MJ, Foster LE (1996) Detection of metals in the environment using a portable laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy instrument. Appl. Spectrosc. 50: 222–233
Zuev VE, Zemlyanov AA, Kopytin YD, Kuzikovskii AV (1984) High-Power Laser Radiation in Atmospheric Aerosols. D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Panne, U. (2004). Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in Environmental and Process Analysis. In: Hering, P., Lay, J.P., Stry, S. (eds) Laser in Environmental and Life Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08255-3_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08255-3_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-07309-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-08255-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive