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Phosphorylation of Glutamate Receptors

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Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the CNS

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 141))

Abstract

Excitatory synaptic transmission between neurons in the central nervous system is mediated mainly by the neurotransmitter glutamate. The glutamate released from the presynaptic neuron diffuses across the synaptic cleft and activates glutamate receptors to complete the process of synaptic transmission. Glutamate receptors can be grouped into two broad categories depending on the signal transduction mechanism. lonotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR) transduce glutamate binding by opening ion channels permeable to cations, while metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) activate G proteins, which directly or indirectly regulate ion channels and enzymes. Ionotropic glutamate receptors can be further subdivided into three groups depending on their agonist preferences and biophysical properties. N-methylD-aspartate (NMDA) receptors preferentially bind NMDA, while a-amino-3hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole proprionate (AMPA) receptors and kainate (KA) receptors show high affinity for AMPA and KA, respectively. The function of glutamate receptors can be modulated by various mechanisms, however protein phosphorylation has been shown to be critical in the control of glutamate receptor function.

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Authors
  1. H.-K. Lee
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  2. R. L. Huganir
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Physiologisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 7, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany

    Peter Jonas

  2. ZMBH, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Hannah Monyer

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Lee, HK., Huganir, R.L. (1999). Phosphorylation of Glutamate Receptors. In: Jonas, P., Monyer, H. (eds) Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the CNS. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 141. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_2

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