Skip to main content

Abstract

The forests of the world present environments ranging from unmanaged natural forest, through managed natural woodland, to monocultures of trees planted with the specific intention of harvesting in due course the timber so produced. These environments are to be found from tropical, through temperate to sub-arctic regions (in Eurasia). The harvesting of timber is but one of many activities associated with forestry — the term forestry encompasses all aspects of planting, tending and managing forests for commercial and leisure use.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adams RM (1990) Forestry workers. In: Adams RM (ed) Occupational skin disease. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 625–626

    Google Scholar 

  • Asakawa Y (1982) Chemical constituents of the Hepaticae. Prog Chem Org Nat Products 42:1–285

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asakawa Y, Benezra C, Ducombs G, Foussereau J, Muller JC, Ourisson G (1974) Cross-sensitization between Frullania and Laurus nobilis: the allergen of laurel. Arch Dermatol 110:957

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asakawa Y, Matsuda R, Toyota M, Takemoto T, Connolly JD, Phillips WR (1983) Sesquiterpenoids from Chiloscyphus, Clasmatocolea and Frullania species. Phytochem 22:961–964

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barbier P, Benezra C (1982) Stereospecificity of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) induced by two natural enantiomers, (+)and (−)-frullanolides, in guinea pigs. Naturwissenschaften 69:296–297

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benezra C, Stampf J-L, Barbier P, Ducombs G (1985) Enantiøspecificity in allergic contact dermatitis. A review and new results in Frullania-sensitive patients. Contact Dermatitis 13:110–114

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bruley C, Beltzer-Garelly E, Kaufman P, Binet O, Robin J (1986) Allergy and photoallergy to Frullania. Photodermatol 1:49–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Champion RH (1965) Wood-cutter’s disease: contact sensitivity to lichen. Brit J Dermatol 77:285

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Connolly JD, Thornton IMS (1973) Sesquiterpenoid lactones from the liverwort Frullania tamarisci. Phytochem 12:631–632

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Culberson CF (1969) Chemical and botanical guide to lichen products. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahlquist I, Fregert S (1980) Contact allergy to atranorin in lichens and perfumes. Contact Dermatitis 6:111–119

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dahlquist I, Fregert S (1981) Atranorin and oak moss contact allergy. Contact Dermatitis 7:168–169

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fernández de Corres L (1984) Contact dermatitis from frullania; compositae and other plants. Contact Dermatitis 11:74–79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernández de Corres L (1986) Photosensitivity to oak moss. Contact Dermatitis 15:118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez de Corres L, Corrales Torres JL (1978) Dermatitis from Frullania, Compositae and other plants. Contact Dermatitis 4:175–176

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernández de Corres L, Muñoz D, Leaniz-Barrutia I, Corrales JL (1983) Photocontact dermatitis from oak moss. Contact Dermatitis 9:528–529

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernández de Corrés L, Leanizbarrutia I, Muñoz D, Bernaola G, Fernández E, Audícana MT (1987) Multiple sensitizations to plants in a farmer. Contact Dermatitis 17:315–317

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Foussereau J, Bergoend M, Grosshans E, Maleville J (1967) La sensibilisation à Frullania existe aussi en Alsace. A propos d’une observation d’eczéma des bûcherons. Bull Soc Fr Derm Syph 74:140–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Foussereau J, Muller JC, Benezra C (1975) Contact allergy to Frullania and Laurus Nobilis: cross-sensitization and chemical structure of allergens. Contact Dermatitis 1:223–230

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fregert S, Dahlquist I (1983) Patch testing with oak moss extract. Contact Dermatitis 9:227

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gonçalo S (1984) Occupational contact dermatitis to Frullania. Contact Dermatitis 11:54–55

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gonçalo S (1987) Contact sensitivity to lichens and compositae in Frullania dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 16:84–86

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gonçalo M, Gonçalo S (1991) Allergic contact dermatitis from Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter. Contact Dermatitis 24:40–44

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gonçalo S, Born M, Pereira dos Santos A (1981) Contact dermatitis to lichens. Contact Dermatitis 7:118–120

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gonçalo S, Cabral F, Gonçalo M (1988) Contact sensitivity to oak moss. Contact Dermatitis 19:355–357

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hahn M, Lischka G, Pfeifle J, Wirth V (1995) A case of contact dermatitis from lichens in Southern Germany. Contact Dermatitis 32:55–56

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hausen BM, Osmundsen PE (1983) Contact allergy to parthenolide in Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Schulz-Bip. (feverfew, Asteraceae) and cross-reactions to related sesquiterpene lactone containing Compositae species. Acta Derm Venereol 63:308–314

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hausen BM, Emde L, Marks V (1993) An investigation of the allergenic constituents of Cladonia stellaris (Opiz) Pous & Vežda (‘silver moss’, ‘reindeer moss’ or ‘reindeer lichen’). Contact Dermatitis 28:70–76

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hellgren L (1976) Lichen ruber planus in occupational groups in total populations. Berufsdermatosen 24:71–78

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jansen CJ, Wennersten G, Rystedt I, Thune P, Brodthagen H (1982) The Scandinavian standard photopatch test procedure. Contact Dermatitis 8:155–158

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Katzenellenbogen I (1955) Caterpillar dermatitis as an occupational disease. Dermatologica 111:99

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knoche H, Ourisson G, Perold GW, Foussereau J, Maleville J (1969) Allergenic component of a liverwort: a sesquiterpene lactone. Science 166:239–240

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Le Coulant P, Lopes G (1960) Rôle pathogène des muscinéeshépatiques dans les industries du bois. Arch Mal Prof Méd Tray 21:374–376

    Google Scholar 

  • Le Coulant P, Texier L, Maleville J, Geniaux M, Tamisier JM, Bancons F (1966) L’allergie au Frullania: son rôle dans la “dermite du bois de chêne”. Bull Soc Fr Derm Syph 73: 440–443

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lorenzi S, Guerra L, Vezzani C, Vincenzi C (1995) Airborne contact dermatitis from atranorin. Contact Dermatitis 32: 315–316

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lovell CR, Rowan M (1991) Dandelion dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 25:185–188

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matikainen E, Leinonen H, Juntunen J, Seppalainen AM (1987) The effect of exposure to high and low frequency hand-arm vibration on finger systolic pressure. Eur J Appl Physiol 56:440–443

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell JC (1965) Allergy to lichens. Allergic contact dermatitis from usnic acid produced by lichenized fungi. Arch Dermatol 92:142–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell JC (1970) Patch test results — screening set and plants. Contact Dermatitis Newsletter (8):177–179

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell JC (1981) Industrial aspects of 112 cases of allergic contact dermatitis from Frullania in British Columbia during a 10-year period. Contact Dermatitis 7:268–269

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell JC (1986) Frullania (liverwort) phytodermatitis (woodcutter’s eczema). Clin Dermatol 4:62–64

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell JC, Shibata S (1969) Immunologic activity of some substances derived from lichenized fungi. J Invest Dermatol 52:517–520

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell JC, Schofield WB, Singh B, Towers GHN (1969) Allergy to Frullania. Allergic contact dermatitis occurring in forest workers caused by exposure to Frullania nisquallensis. Arch Dermatol 100:46–49

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell JC, Fritig B, Singh B, Towers GHN (1970) Allergic contact dermatitis from Frullania and Compositae. The role of sesquiterpene lactones. J Invest Dermatol 54:233–239

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell JC, Roy AK, Dupuis G, Towers GHN (1971) Allergic contact dermatitis from ragweeds (Ambrosia species). The role of sesquiterpene lactones. Arch Dermatol 104:73–76

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Malley MA, Mathias CG (1988) Distribution of lost-work-time claims for skin disease in California agriculture: 1978–1983. Am J Ind Med 14:715–720

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oliwiecki S, Beck MH, Hausen BM (1992) Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from caffeates in poplar bud resin in a tree surgeon. Contact Dermatitis 27:127–128

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oltman J, Hensler R (1986) Poison oak/ivy and forestry workers. Clin Dermatol 4:213–216

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pecegueiro M, Brand-ão FM (1985) Airborne contact dermatitis to plants. Contact Dermatitis 13:277–279

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perold GW, Muller J-C, Ourisson G (1972) Structure d’une lactone allergisante: le frullanolide-I. Tetrahedron 28:5797–5803

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Press E, Googins JA, Poareo H, Jones K (1977) Health hazards to timber and forestry workers from the Douglas fir tussock moth. Arch Environ Health 32:206–210

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quirce S, Tabar AI, Muro MD, Olaguibel JM (1994) Airborne contact dermatitis from Frullania. Contact Dermatitis 3o: 73–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quirino AP, Barros MA (1995) Occupational contact dermatitis from lichens and Frullania. Contact Dermatitis 33:68–69

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ridley HN (1911) Rengas-poisoning. Malayan Med J 9:7

    Google Scholar 

  • Ridley HN (1922) Plant dermatitis. J Trop Med Hyg 25:225

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robertson WD, Mitchell JC (1967) Allergic contact and photodermatitis. Can Med Assoc J 97:380–386

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Romaguera C, Vilaplana J, Grimalt F (1991) Contact dermatitis from oak moss. Contact Dermatitis 24:224–225

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salo H, Hannuksela M, Hausen B (1981) Lichen pickers’ dermatitis (Cladonia alpestris (L.) Rab.). Contact Dermatitis 7:9–13

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sandberg M, Thune P (1984) The sensitizing capacity of atranorin. Contact Dermatitis 11:168–173

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt RJ (1996) Allergic contact dermatitis to liverworts, lichens, and mosses. Semin Dermatol 15:95–102

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz L, Tulipan L, Birmingham DJ (1957) Occupational diseases of the skin. Henry Kimpton, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Siregar RS (1975) Occupational dermatoses among foresters. Contact Dermatitis 1:33–37

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stampf J-L, Schlewer G, Ducombs G, Foussereau J, Benezra C (1978) Allergic contact dermatitis due to sesquiterpene lactones. A comparative study of human and animal sensitivity to α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone and derivatives. Br J Dermatol 99:163–169

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Storrs F, Mitchell JC (1975) Contact dermatitis from a liverwort Frullania. Cutis 18:681

    Google Scholar 

  • Storrs FJ, Mitchell JC, Rasmussen JE (1976) Contact hypersensitivity to liverworts and the Compositae family of plants. Cutis 18:681–686

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tan KS, Mitchell JC (1968) Patch and photopatch tests in contact dermatitis and photodermatitis: a preliminary report of investigation of 150 patients, with special reference to “cedar-poisoning”. Can Med Assoc J 98:252–255

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thune P (1977a) Allergy to lichens with photosensitivity. Contact Dermatitis 3:213–214

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thune P (1977b) Contact allergy due to lichens in patients with a history of photosensitivity. Contact Dermatitis 3:267–272

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thune P, Eeg-Larsen T (1984) Contact and photocontact allergy in persistent light reactivity. Contact Dermatitis 11:98–107

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thune PO, Solberg YJ (1980) Photosensitivity and allergy to aromatic lichen acids, Compositae oleoresins and other plant substances. Contact Dermatitis 6:81–87

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thune P, Solberg Y, McFadden N, Stærfelt F, Sandberg M (1982) Perfume allergy due to oak moss and other lichens. Contact Dermatitis 8:396–400

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tomb RR (1992) Patch testing with Frullania during a 10-year period: hazards and complications. Contact Dermatitis 26:220–223

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watt JM, Breyer-Brandwijk MG (1962) The medicinal and poisonous plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E & S Livingstone Ltd, Edinburgh

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schmidt, R.J. (2000). Forestry Workers. In: Kanerva, L., Wahlberg, J.E., Elsner, P., Maibach, H.I. (eds) Handbook of Occupational Dermatology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07677-4_133

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07677-4_133

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-07679-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-07677-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics