Skip to main content

Exclusive Rights in Life: Biotechnology, Genetic Manipulation, and Intellectual Property Rights

  • Chapter
Genetic Transformation of Plants

Part of the book series: Molecular Methods of Plant Analysis ((MOLMETHPLANT,volume 23))

  • 541 Accesses

Abstract

Attending any biotechnology conference will confirm it. Amid all the discoveries and developments in the applied sciences we loosely group under the heading of biotechnology, it is impossible to ignore the palpable and ubiquitous presence of commerce. While investors, managers, and financial markets may not share the same enthusiasm about the inner workings of living organisms as a bench scientist, they certainly share the excitement of uncovering novel ways to make money. The key is to turn inventions and developments into a commercial product.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Barton J (2000) Intellectual property rights: reforming the patent system. Science 287: 1933–1934

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caulfield TA, Gold ER, Cho M (2000) Patenting human genetic material: refocusing the debate. Nat Rev Genet 1: 227–231

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen WM, Nelson RR, Walsh JP (2000) Protecting their intellectual assets: appropriability conditions and why US manufacturing firms patent (or not). National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Ekpere JA (2000) OAU model law: African model legislation for the protection of the right of local communities, farmers and breeders, and for the regulation of access to biological resources. Organization of African Unity, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia European Patent Office Board of Appeal (1990) T19 /90

    Google Scholar 

  • Festo Corporation v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co, Ltd (2000) 234 F. 3d 558

    Google Scholar 

  • Gold ER (2000) Moving the gene patent debate forward. Nat Biotech 18: 1319

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gold ER (2001a) Patenting life forms: an international comparison. Canadian Biotechnology Advisory Committee, Ottawa, Canada

    Google Scholar 

  • Gold ER (200lb) Gene patenting. Canadian Biotechnology Advisory Committee, Ottawa, Canada Gold ER, Castle D, Cloutier LM, Daar AS, Smith PJ (2002) Needed: models of biotechnology intellectual property. Trends Biotech 20: 327–329

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gold ER, Gallochat A (2001) The European Biotech Directive: past as prologue. Eur Law J 7: 328–366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hegel GWF (1952) Philosophy of right. Knox TM (translator). Oxford University Press, Oxford Human Genome Organization Ethics Committee (2000) Genetic benefit sharing. Science 290: 49

    Google Scholar 

  • Knoppers BM, Hirtle M, Glass KC (1999) Genetic technologies: commercialization of genetic research and public policy. Science 286: 2277–2278

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Locke J (1980) Second treatise of government. In: Macpherson CB (ed) Hackett Publ, Cambridge Moore vs. The Regents of the University of California (2000) 51 Ca1. 3d 120

    Google Scholar 

  • Posner RA (1981) The economics of justice. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA Radin MJ (1982) Property and personhood. Stan L Rev 34: 957–1015

    Google Scholar 

  • United States of America (2001) Patent office’s utility examination guidelines. Federal Register 66: 1097–1099

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gold, E.R. (2003). Exclusive Rights in Life: Biotechnology, Genetic Manipulation, and Intellectual Property Rights. In: Jackson, J.F., Linskens, H.F. (eds) Genetic Transformation of Plants. Molecular Methods of Plant Analysis, vol 23. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07424-4_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07424-4_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-05553-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-07424-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics