Abstract
Analog smart antennas are based on RF analog variable circuit devices controlled with an adaptive criterion and an optimizer algorithm. They are expected to offer dramatically low power consumption and low fabrication cost in smart antennas, especially for battery-operated personal wireless devices. This paper overviews their possible hardware architectures: aerial-stage beamforming (ABF), RF-stage beamforming (RBF), and local-stage beamforming (LBF). It also describes the control criteria arranged for analog beamformers: maximum cross correlation coefficient (MCCC) in trained adaptation and maximum m-th order moment criterion (MMMC) in blind adaptation. These control criteria work with optimizers such as the steepest-gradient algorithm. This paper also demonstrates that even super-resolution direction-of-arrival estimation can be carried out with analog smart antennas.
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Ohira, T., Cheng, J. (2004). Analog Smart Antennas. In: Chandran, S. (eds) Adaptive Antenna Arrays. Signals and communication technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05592-2_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05592-2_11
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