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Metabolic Disorders

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Book cover Red Cell Membrane Transport in Health and Disease

Abstract

The human red blood cell (RBC) is a simplified cell extremely well-fitted to comply with its functions. During its life span of 120 ± 4 days, 120 miles of travel and 1.7–105 circulatory cycles the RBC encounters and successfully copes with a number of perilous situations, of external and internal origin. Externally, shear stress, turbulence, and passage across narrow capillaries and splenic slits are met by a resilient, mechanically rugged yet flexible and highly deformable membrane envelope and underlying cytoskeleton. The external cell surface is non-immunogenic and non-adhesive, to avoid adhesion to endothelia and escape close checks by spleen, liver and bone marrow macrophages, ready to phagocytose any cell showing even subtle membrane alterations. Internally, the potentially dangerous high concentration of oxygen and the continuous formation of oxidant species during the oxygenation-deoxygenation cycles of haemoglobin (Hb) are counteracted by powerful metabolic systems of detoxication and protection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, Medical School, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Torino, Italy

    Paolo Arese & Evelin Schwarzer

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  1. Paolo Arese
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  2. Evelin Schwarzer
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  1. Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Fakultät III, Arbeitsgruppe Biophysik, Universität des Saarlandes, P.O.Box 151150, 66041, Saarbrücken, Germany

    Ingolf Bernhardt

  2. Laboratory of Physiology, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK

    J. Clive Ellory

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© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Arese, P., Schwarzer, E. (2003). Metabolic Disorders. In: Bernhardt, I., Ellory, J.C. (eds) Red Cell Membrane Transport in Health and Disease. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05181-8_22

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05181-8_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-07920-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-05181-8

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