Abstract
Model assessments of differences and similarities of the distribution features of several toxic pollutants are presented. The large-scale multi-compartment transport model DMAT was used for the long-term evaluation of the dispersion, deposition, re-emission, fixation and degradation of three species representing a wide range of the chemical and physical features — lead, alfa-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane and mercury. The addressed questions were — the transport distance, reaction time of the pollution level to the emission variations, and sensitivity of these characteristics to the variations of the model parameters.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
AMAP (1998) AMAP Assessment report: Arctic pollution issues. SJ Wilson, JL Murray, HP Huntington (eds). Arctic monitoring and Assessment Program, Oslo, xii+859 pp.
Benoit JM, Fitzerald WF, Damman AWH (1994) Historical atmospheric mercury deposition in the mid-continental US as recorded in an ombrotrophic peat log. In: Mercury pollution. Integration and synthesis, Watras CJ, Huckabee JW (eds), Lewis Publishers, pp 187–202.
Galperin MV, Sofiev MA (1995) Evaluation of airborne heavy metal pollution from European sources, J Envir and Pollut, 5/4–6: pp 679–690. Grid point data set, vII.
Gridded NMC analysis for the Northern Hemisphere. National Meteorological Centre, Atmos Sei Univ of Washington, data support section NCAR.
GSC (1995) The significance of natural sources of metals in the environment. Report to the UN-ECE-LRTAP Convention, Geological Survey of Canada, 29 pp.
Hurley JP, Watras CJ, Bloom NS (1994) Distribution and flux of particulate mercury in four stratified seepage lakes. In: Mercury pollution. Integration and synthesis, Watras CJ, Huckabee JW (eds), Lewis Publishers, pp 69–82.
Iwata H, Tanabe S, Sakai N, Nishimura A, Tatsukawa R (1994) Geographical distribution of the persistent organochlorines in air, water and sediments from Asia and Oceania, end their implications for global redistribution from lower latitudes. Environ Pollut, 85, pp 15–33.
Jaarsveld JA, van Pul WAJ, de Leeuw FAAM (1994) Modeling the long-range transport and deposition of persistent organic pollutants over Europe and its surrounding marine areas. In Gryning S-E and Milan M (eds) Air pollution and its application X, Plenum Press, New York, pp 143–155.
Jacobs CMJ, van Pul WAJ (1996) Long-range atmospheric transport of persistent organic pollutants, I: Description of surface-atmosphere exchange modules and implementation in EUROS. Report N 722401013, Nat. Inst of Public Health and the Environ, the Netherlands.
Li1 YF (1999) Global gridded technical hexachlorocyclohexane usage inventories using a global cropland as a surrogate. JGR, 104, D19, pp 23785–23797.
Li2 YF (1999) Global technical hexachlorocyclohexane usage and its contamination consequences in the environment: from 1948 to 1997. The Sei of the Total Envi, 232, pp 121–158.
Linquist O (1994) Atmospheric cycling of mercury: an overview. In: Mercury pollution. Integration and synthesis,Watras CJ, Huckabee JW (eds), Lewis Publ, pp 181–185.
Mason RP, Donnell JO, Fitzgerald WF (1994) Elemental mercury cycling within the mixed layerof the equatorial Pacific ocean. In: Mercury pollution. Integration and synthesis, Watras CJ, Huckabee JW (eds), Lewis Publ, pp 83–97.
Nriagu JO (1989) A global assessment of natural sources of atmospheric trace metals.Nature 338, pp 47–49.
Pacyna, JM and Pacyna PE (1996) Global Emissions of Mercury to the Atmosphere Emissions from Anthropogenic Sources, Report of Norweigian Institute for Air Reasearch (NILU), Kjeller, Norway.
Pacyna, JM, Scholtz MT, and Li YF (1995) Global Budgets of Trace Metal Sources, Environmental Reviews, 3: pp 145–159.
Pankow JF. (1987) Review and comparative analysis of the theories on partitioning between the gas and aerosol particulate phases in the atmosphere. Atmos Envir, 21 11, pp 2275–2283.
Pankow JF (1994) An absorption model of gas/particle partitioning of organic compounds in the atmosphere. Atmos Envir, 28, 2, pp 185–188.
Porcella DB (1994) Mercury in the environment: biogeochemistry. In: Mercury pollution. Integration and synthesis, Watras CJ, Huckabee JW (eds), Lewis Publ, pp 3–19.
Sofiev MA (1998). The influence of the far located sources to the acid deposition on the European countries. Proc of EUROTRAC Symposium′98, BorrellPM, Borrell P(eds), 2, WIT press, Southampton, pp 586–590.
Sofiev MA (1999) Validation of model results on different scales. In Approaches to scaling of trace gas fluxes in ecosystems, Bouwman AF (ed), Developments in Atmospheric Science, 24, Elsevier, pp 235–255.
Sofiev1 MA (2000) A model for the evaluation of long-term airborne pollution transport at regional and continental scales. Atmos Envir 34, 15, pp 2481–2493.
Sofiev2 MA (2000) A long-term modelling of distribution and accumulation of the mercury species in the Northern Hemisphere. Gryning S-E, Batchvarova E. (eds) Air pollution modeling and its application, XIII, Kluwer Ac Publ, pp 233–242.
Sofiev MA (2001) Extended resistance analogy for construction of the vertical diffusion scheme for the dispersion models. Submitted to J of Geophys Res. — Atmospehere.
Sofiev MA, Maslyaev AM, Gusev AV (1996) Heavy metal model intercomparison. Methodology and results for Pb in 1990 EMEP /MSC-E Report, 2/96, Moscow.
Thornton I, Ramsey M, Atkinson N (1995) Metals in the environment: facts and misconceptions. Publication of the International Council on Metals in the Environment ICME, Ottawa, Canada, viii + 104 pp.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sofiev, M.A., Galperin, M.V. (2002). Numerical Modeling of the Atmospheric Transport of Toxic Pollutants in the Northern Hemisphere. In: Sportisse, B. (eds) Air Pollution Modelling and Simulation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04956-3_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04956-3_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-07637-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-04956-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive