Abstract
At a macroscopic level, the result of the interaction between an incident electromagnetic field and a solid-state material depends on the relation between the wavelength λ of the electromagnetic radiation and the scale of the internal inhomogeneity of the solid. If these two parameters are comparable, light scattering occurs; if λ is much larger than the scale of internal inhomogeneity, the electromagnetic field propagates as in a homogeneous medium with well-defined optical constants, while if λ is smaller than this scale, spatially varying optical constants must be introduced. An example of the latter case is light reflection at the surface between the solid-state material and the surrounding medium. In all cases, information about the internal structure and material parameters of the solid state can be gained by analyzing the spectral and/or time dependence of the light after it interacts with the matter. The macroscopic result of the interaction can in each case be related to microscopic transitions between different levels/bands in the solid. In this chapter we present briefly the relation between the microscopic transition probabilities and the macroscopic optical constants, as well as the methods used to measure them.
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Dragoman, D., Dragoman, M. (2002). Optical Transitions. In: Optical Characterization of Solids. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04870-2_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04870-2_2
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