The Central-Field Model

Abstract

The search for eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of an atom’s Hamiltonian is a very complex problem. The central-field model simplifies it while remaining fairly close to physical reality. The model assumes each electron moves in a spherically symmetric potential due to the nucleus and all other electrons. Moreover, it introduces in a simple way the notion of electronic spin and the Pauli exclusion principle. The model leads to the construction of the periodic table of elements. Although it has limited quantitative value, it can account for basic properties of atomic structure.