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The Role of Complement in Innate and Adaptive Immunity

  • Chapter
The Interface Between Innate and Acquired Immunity

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 266))

Abstract

The complement system is an ancient element of innate immunity present at progressively more evolved forms in the blood or lymph of all vertebrates studied and in at least some invertebrate species (Nonaka 1998). It provides one of the best examples of an effective first line of host defense system. Complement can recognize conserved repetitive structural elements important for the survival of pathogens and therefore shared by large groups of them. Recognition leads to the activation of the system and elimination of the pathogens either by direct killing or by opsonophagocytosis and intracellular killing. In parallel, complement also provides signals to adaptive immunity instructing it to respond vigorously against pathogens (Carroll 1998; Fearon 1998). Furthermore, through its ability to discriminate between free and antigen-bound immunoglobulins, complement serves as an effector arm of adaptive humoral immunity leading to elimination of pathogens recognized by specific antibodies. Finally, complement appears to have a special relationship with natural antibodies depending on them for recognition of important pathogens and in turn providing signals for clonal selection and expansion of CD5+ B-1 cells that produce natural antibodies (Carroll and Prodeus 1998).

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  1. J. E. Volanakis

    Present address: Biomedical Sciences Research Center “A. Fleming”, P.O. Box 74145, 16602, Varkiza, Greece

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  1. Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA

    J. E. Volanakis

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  1. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Research Laboratories, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 378 Wallace Tumor Institute, 35294, Birmingham, Alabama, USA

    Max D. Cooper

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology Center for Neurobiology, Jefferson Alumni Hall, Jefferson Medical College, 1020 Locust Street, 19197-6799, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Hilary Koprowski

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Volanakis, J.E. (2002). The Role of Complement in Innate and Adaptive Immunity. In: Cooper, M.D., Koprowski, H. (eds) The Interface Between Innate and Acquired Immunity. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 266. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04700-2_4

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