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The Interface Between Innate and Acquired Immunity pp 23–39Cite as

Checkpoints in the Regulation of T Helper 1 Responses

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Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 266))

Abstract

The immune system has developed to be highly specialized and effective in eradicating a wide variety of pathogens with a minimum of immunopathology. The adaptive arm of the immune response, consisting of antigen-specific T and B cells, interacts with cells of the innate immune system to mediate an effective response to infectious pathogens. Heterogeneity of T cell responses to pathogens can determine the resistance or susceptibility to such infectious agents. In this regard, at least two subsets of CD4+ T helper subsets have been identified; these subsets are characterized by the cytokines they produce and play distinct roles in fighting infection as well as contributing to immunopathology (Mosmann et al. 1986; Romagnani 1991; Sher and Coffman 1992; Abbas 1996). T helper (Th)1 cells produce interferon (IFN)-γ and lymphotoxin and play a critical role in cell-mediated immunity (Mosmann et al. 1986; Sher and Coffman 1992). These cells have also been implicated as being involved in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and insulin-dependent diabetes, as well as chronic inflammatory diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (Powrie and Coffman 1993; Liblau et al. 1995; O’Garra 1998). Th2 cells produce interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 and are important in helminth immunity, as well as playing a role in allergy and atopy (Romagnani 1994; O’Garra 1998). Gaining an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Th1 and Th2 development is critical both for the development of more powerful anti-microbial agents as well as for the development of therapies for immunopathologies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunobiology, DNAX Research Institute, 901 California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA

    V. L. Heath, H. Kurata, H. J. Lee, N. Arai & A. O’Garra

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  1. V. L. Heath
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  2. H. Kurata
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  3. H. J. Lee
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  4. N. Arai
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  1. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Research Laboratories, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 378 Wallace Tumor Institute, 35294, Birmingham, Alabama, USA

    Max D. Cooper

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology Center for Neurobiology, Jefferson Alumni Hall, Jefferson Medical College, 1020 Locust Street, 19197-6799, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Hilary Koprowski

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Heath, V.L., Kurata, H., Lee, H.J., Arai, N., O’Garra, A. (2002). Checkpoints in the Regulation of T Helper 1 Responses. In: Cooper, M.D., Koprowski, H. (eds) The Interface Between Innate and Acquired Immunity. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 266. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04700-2_3

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