Abstract
The genus Panax (family Araliaceae) comprises about half a dozen species. The old Greek term “Panax” implies all healing or a panacea (Kains 1958) and almost all Panax spp. have been used in folk medicine. One of the most famous species, and now uncommon in natural habitats, is P. ginseng C. A. Meyer. Roots from this species have held an honoured place in Chinese medicine for over 4000 years.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Kains MG (1958) Ginseng. In: Bailey LH (ed) The standard encyclopedia of horticulture, vol 1. Macmillan, New York, pp 1338–1339
Bajaj YPS (1987) Cryopreservation of potato germplasm. In: Bajaj YPS (ed) Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, vol 3. Potato. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 472–486
Bajaj YPS (1995) Cryopreservation of plant cell, tissue, and organ culture for the conservation of germplasm and biodiversity. In: Bajaj YPS (ed) Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, vol 32. Cryopreservation of plant germplasm I. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 3–28
Benson EE, Hamill JD (1991) Cryopreservation and post freeze molecular and biosynthetic stability in transformed roots of Beta vulgaris and Nicotiana rustica. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 24: 163–171
Butenko RG, Popov AS, Volkova LA, Chernyak ND, Nosov AM (1984) Recovery of cell cultures and their biosynthetic capacity after storage of Dioscorea deltoidea and Panax ginseng cells in liquid nitrogen. Plant Cell Lett 33: 285–292
Choi KT (1988) Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer: micropropagation and the in vitro production of saponins. In: Bajaj YPS (ed) Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, vol 4. Medicinal and aromatic plants I. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 484–500
Evans WC (1989) Ginseng. In: Evans WC (ed) Pharmacognosy, 13th edn. Baillière Tindall, London, pp 490–491
Gamborg OL, Miller RA, Ojima K (1968) Nutrient requirements of suspension culture of soybean root cells. Exp Cell Res 50: 151–158
Grieve M (1995) Ginseng. In: Botanical.com, a modern herbal, Electric Newt ( http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/g/ginseng15.html ).
Jaziri M, Homès J, Shimomura K (1994) An unusual root tip formation in hairy root culture of Hyoscyamus mutics. Plant Cell Rep 13: 349–352
Jouanin L (1984) Restriction map of an agropine-type Ri plasmid and its homologies with Ti plasmids. Plasmid 12: 91–102
Kanazawa H, Nagata Y, Matsushima Y, Tomoda M, Takai N (1989) High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of ginsenosides in pharmaceutical preparations. Shoyakugaku Zasshi 43: 121–128
Lloyd G, McCown B (1980) Commercially-feasible micropropagation of mountain laurel, Kalmia latifolia, by use of shoot-tip culture. In: Int Plant Propag Soc Comb Proc for 1980, 30: 21–427
Mannonen L, Toivonen L, Kauppinen V (1990) Effects of long-term preservation on growth and productivity of Panax ginseng and Catharanthus roseus cell cultures. Plant Cell Rep 9: 173–177
Matsumoto T, Sakai A, Yamada K (1994) Cryopreservation of in vitro-grown apical meristems of wasabi (Wasabia japonica) by vitrification and subsequent high plant regeneration. Plant Cell Rep 13: 442–446
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol Plant 15: 473–497
Petit A, David C, Dahl GA, Ellis JG, Guyon P, Casse-Delbart F, Tempé J (1983) Further extension of the opine concept: plasmids in Agrobacterium rhizogenes cooperate for opine degradation. Mol Gen Gent 190: 204–214
Saito H, Lee YM, Takagi K, Shibata S, Shoji J, Kondo N (1977) Pharmacological studies of Panacis Japonici Rhizoma. I. Chem Pharm Bull 25: 1017–1025
Saito K, Yamazaki M, Murakoshi I (1992) Transgenic medicinal plants: Agrobacterium-mediated foreign gene transfer and production of secondary metabolites. J Nat Prod 55: 149–162
Sakai A (1993) Cryogenic strategies for survival of plant cultured cells and meristems cooled to —196 °C. In: Sakai A (ed) Cryopreservation of plant genetic resources, technical assistance activities for genetic resources projects, ref no 6. Japan International Cooperation Agency, Food and Agriculture Research and Development Association ( FARDA ), Tokyo, pp 5–26
Sakai A, Kobayashi S, Oiyama I (1990) Cryopreservation of nucellar cells of navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osb. var. brasiliensis Tanaka) by vitrification. Plant Cell Rep 9: 30–33
Seitz U, Reinhard E (1987) Growth and ginsenoside patterns of cryopreserved Panax ginseng cell cultures. J Plant Physiol 131: 215–223
Shibata S (1977) Saponins with biological and pharmacological activity. In: Wagner H, Wolff P (eds) New natural products and plant drugs with pharmacological, biological or therapeutical activity. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 177–196
Shoyama Y, Matsushita H, Zhu XX, Kishira H (1995) Somatic embryogenesis in ginseng (Panax species). In: Bajaj YPS (ed) Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, vol 31. Somatic embryo-genesis and synthetic seed II. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 343–356
Slightom JL, Durand-Tardif M, Jouanin L, Tepfer D (1986) Nucleotide sequence analysis of TL-DNA of Agrobacterium rhizogenes agropine type plasmid. J Biol Chem 261: 108–121
Thomas MR, Davey MR (1982) Plant tissue culture media. 5. Root culture medium. In: Montagu MV (ed) EMBO course: the use of Ti plasmid as cloning vector for genetic engineering in plants. Lab Genetics, Rijks Universiteit, Gent, Belgium, 4–23 Aug, 1982, p 109
Yang Y (1992) Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. In: Fu L, Jin J (eds) China plant red data book — rare and endangered plants, vol 1. Science Press, Beijing, pp 178–179
Yoshikawa T, Furuya T (1987) Saponin production by cultures of Panax ginseng transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Plant Cell Rep 6: 449–453
Yoshimatsu K, Shimomura K (1992) Cephaelis ipecacuanha A. Richard (Brazilian ipecac): micro-propagation and the production of emetine and cephaeline. In: Bajaj YPS (ed) Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, vol 21. Medicinal and aromatic plants IV. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 87–103
Yoshimatsu K, Shimomura K (1994) Plant regeneration on cultured root segments of Cephaelis ipecacuanha A. Richard. Plant Cell Rep 14: 98–101
Yoshimatsu K, Yamaguchi H, Shimomura K (1996) Traits of Panax ginseng hairy roots after cold storage and cryopreservation. Plant Cell Rep 15: 555–560
Yoshimatsu K, Touno K, Shimomura K (2000) Cryopreservation of medicinal plant resources: retention of biosynthetic capabilities in transformed cultures. In: Engelmann F, Takagi H (eds) Cryopreservation of tropical plant germplasm, current research progress and application. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, pp 77–88
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Yoshimatsu, K., Shimomura, K. (2002). Cryopreservation of Panax (Ginseng). In: Towill, L.E., Bajaj, Y.P.S. (eds) Cryopreservation of Plant Germplasm II. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 50. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04674-6_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04674-6_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-07502-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-04674-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive