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Pharmaceuticals as Environmental Contaminants: Modelling Distribution and Fate

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Pharmaceuticals in the Environment

Abstract

Concern is growing over the environmental consequences of the use of drugs for human and animal health. Long term treatments for several illnesses are a common mass practice in human health care (e.g. diuretics, beta blockers, antibiotics), a number of females are taking daily hormones to prevent unwanted pregnancies, modern life stress is handled very frequently through sedatives and tranquillizers, moreover there is in animal farming a general trend towards the intensification of production methods and production gains based on greater reliance on pharmaceuticals, feed additives, hormones and potent parasiticides (Halling-Sørensen et al. 1998).

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© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Di Guardo, A., Calamari, D., Benfenati, E., Halling-Sørensen, B., Zuccato, E., Fanelli, R. (2001). Pharmaceuticals as Environmental Contaminants: Modelling Distribution and Fate. In: Kümmerer, K. (eds) Pharmaceuticals in the Environment. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04634-0_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04634-0_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-04636-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-04634-0

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