Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Immunisation

  • Chapter
Chicken Egg Yolk Antibodies, Production and Application

Part of the book series: Springer Lab Manuals ((SLM))

Abstract

In this chapter, experiences in immunising hens are described. These experiences are based on the results of several studies involving various antigens as well as various adjuvants. Results of these studies can be generalised only within wide limits. The reason is, that the immune response is affected by three variables: Antigen, adjuvant, and the immunised animal. The most important of these is the individual animal, since even without an adjuvant an immune response can be achieved in some cases. The results presented here may be of help to users in enabling them to select optimal conditions for immunisation of chickens.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allison AC, Byars NE, Waters RV (1986) Immunologic adjuvants: efficacy and safety considerations. In: Nervig RM, Gough PM, Kaeberle ML, Whetstone CA (eds) Advances in carriers and adjuvants for veterinary biologics. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA, pp 91–103

    Google Scholar 

  • Alving CR (1997) Liposomes as adjuvants for vaccines. In: Levine MM, Woodrow GC, Kaper JB, Cobon GS (eds) New generation vaccines, 2nd edn, Marcel Decker, New York, pp. 207–213

    Google Scholar 

  • Ambrosius R, Rudolph W (1990) Grundriβ der Immunbiologie, Second Edition, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart New York, pp. 29–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Amyx HL (1987) Control of animal pain and distress in antibody production and infectious disease studies. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 191:1287–1289

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous (1999) Fachgerechte und tierschutzkonforme Antikörperproduktion in Kaninchen, Hühnern und Labornagetieren (Richtlinie Tierschutz 3.04). Bundesamt für Veterinärwesen, 3097 Liebefeld-Bern, 8.März 1999, ho-800.116-3.04

    Google Scholar 

  • Azuma I, Sugimura K, Taniyama T, Yamawake M, Yamamura Y, Kusumoto S, Okada S, Shiba T (1976) Adjuvant activity of mycobacterial fractions: adjuvant activity of synthetic N-acetyl muramyl-dipeptide and the related compounds. Infect. Immun. 14:18–27

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beebe GW, Simon AH, Vivona S (1972) Long-term mortality follow-up of army recruits who received adjuvant influenza virus vaccine in 1951–1953. Amer. J. Epidemiol. 95:337–344

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Behn I, Hommel U, Oertel M, Hauschild S (1996) Kinetics of IgY formation after immunisation of hens with different protein antigens. ALTEX Suppl. 13:18–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett B, Check IJ, Olson MR, Hunter RL (1992) A comparison of commercially available adjuvants for use in research. J. Immunol. Methods 153:31–40

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boersma WJA, Bogaerts WJC, Bianchi ATJ, Claassen E (1992) Adjuvant properties of stable water-in-oil emulsions: evaluation of the experience with Specol. Research in Immunology 143:503–512

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boersma WJA, Haaijman JJ, Claassen E (1993) Use of synthetic peptide determinants for the production of antibodies. In: Cuello AC (ed) Immunohistochemistry II, IBRO, John Wiley amp;Sons, Chichester New York Brisbane Toronto Singapore, pp. 1–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bokhout BA, Van Gaalen C, Van der Heijden PJ (1981) A selected water-in-oil emulsion: composition and usefulness as an immunological adjuvant. Vet. Immunol. Immunopath., 2:491–500

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bomford R (1985) Adjuvants. Animal Cell Biotechnology 2:235–250

    Google Scholar 

  • Broderson JR (1989) A retrospective review of lesions associated with the use of Freund’s Adjuvant. Lab. Anim. Sci. 39:400–405

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dunnigton EA, GROSS WB, Larsen CT, Siegel PB (1992) Antibody response to combination of antigens in populations of chickens from diverse genetic backgrounds. Arch. Geflügelk. 57:171–174

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellouz F, Adam A, Ciorbaru R, Lederer E (1974) Minimal structural requirements for adjuvant activity of bacterial peptidoglycan dérivates. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 59:1317–1325

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erhard MH, Kellner J, Kühlmann R, Lösch U (1991) Influence of various adjuvants on the synthesis of specific antibodies of chicken, sheep and rabbit following immunization with an hapten. J. Vet. Med. A 38:21–27

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erhard MH, Kellner J, Bessler WG, Lösch U (1994) Ein Lipopeptid als Adjuvans zur Immunisierung von Hühnern. Biochemica-Information 94:13–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Erhard MH, Schmidt P, Hofmann A, Stangassinger M, Lösch U (1996) Production and purification of mouse subclass specific chicken egg yolk antibodies using a new indirect affinity chromatography method with protein G. ALTEX Suppl. 13:66–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Erhard MH, Hofmann A, Bergmann J, Mittermeier P, Kaufmann P, Wiesmüller K-H, Bessler WG, Lösch U (1997) The lipopeptide Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4: an alternative adjuvant to Freund’s adjuvant for the immunisation of chicken to produce egg yolk antibodies. ATLA 25:173–181

    Google Scholar 

  • Erhard MH, Mahn K, Schmidt P, Oltmer S, Preisinger R, Zinsmeister P, Stangassinger M (2000) Evaluation of various immunisation procedures in laying hens induce high amounts of specific egg yolk antibodies. ATLA 28:63–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Finger H (1964) Das Freundsche Adjuvans. Wesen und Bedeutung. In: Heymann G (ed). Arbeiten aus dem Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, dem Georg-Speyer-Haus und dem Ferdinand-Blum-Institut zu Frankfurt a. M.. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart. Heft 60

    Google Scholar 

  • Freund J (1951) The effect of paraffin oil and mycobacteria on antibody formation and sensitization. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 21:645–656

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Freund J, Casals J, Hosmer EP (1937) Sensitization and antibody formation after injection of tubercle bacilli and paraffin oil. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 37:509–513

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Freund J, McDermott K (1942) Sensitization to horse serum by means of adjuvants. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 49:548–553

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Freund J, Bonanto MV (1944) Effect of paraffin oil, lanolin-like substances and killed tubercle bacilli on immunization with diphtheric toxoid and Bact. typhosum. J. Immunol. 48:325–334

    Google Scholar 

  • Glenny AT, Buttle GA, Stevens MF (1931) Rate of disappearance of diphtheria toxoid injected in rabbits and guinea pigs: toxoid precipitates with alum. J. path. Bact. 34:267–275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glenny AT, Pope GA, Waddington H, Wallace W (1926) Immunological notes XXIII. The antigenic value of toxoid precipitated by potassium alum. J. Path. Bact. 29:38–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Herbert WJ (1974) Veterinary Immunology. Blackwell Scientific Publications, London. pp. 205–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Hlinak A, Schrödl W, Witt S, Schade R, Krüger M (1996) Production of egg yolk antibodies against human cell-associated antigens. Altex, Suppl. 13:76–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Hillemann MR (1967) Considerations for safety and application of emulsified oil adjuvants to viral vaccines. In: Regmay RH, Hennessen W, Ikic D, Unger J (eds) Symposia Series in Immunobiological Standardization, Vol.6, International Symposium on Adjuvants of Immunity. S. Karger, New York, USA. 18

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofmann A., Erhard MH, Schmidt P, Bessler W, Wiesmüller K-H, Zinsmeister P, Stangassinger M, Lösch U (1996) Lipopeptide als Adjuvantien bei der Immunisierung von Legehennen. ALTEX Suppl. 13:26–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Hudson L, Hay FC (1991) Practical Immunology. Third edition. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, London, Edinburgh, Boston, Melbourne, Berlin, Paris, Vienna

    Google Scholar 

  • Jilg W (1996) Schutzimpfungen. In: Baenkler HW (ed) Medizinische Immunologie. Ecomed, Landsberg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson AG, Gaines S, Landy M (1956) Studies on the O antigen of Salmonella typhosa. V. Enhancement of the antibody response to protein antigens by the purified lipopolysaccharide. J. Exp. Med. 103:225–246

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaeberle ML (1986) Function of carriers and adjuvants in induction of immune responses. In: Nervig RM, Gough PM, Kaeberle ML, Whetstone CA (eds). Advances in carriers and adjuvants for veterinary biologics. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA. 11–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Kellner J (1990) Einfluβ verschiedener Adjuvantien auf die Antikörpersynthese nach der Immunisierung mit einem Hapten am Beispiel der Spezies Schaf, Kaninchen, Huhn und Maus. Vet. med. Diss., Universität München

    Google Scholar 

  • Kellner J, Erhard MH, Schranner I, Lösch U (1992) The influence of various adjuvants on antibody synthesis following immunization with an hapten. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 373:51–55

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Landsteiner K (1945) The specificity of serological reactions. Harvard University Press, Cambridge Mass. USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Leenars PPAM, Hendriksen CFM, Angulo AF, Koedam MA, Claassen E (1994) Evaluation of several adjuvants as alternatives to the use of Freund’s adjuvant in rabbits. Vet. Immunol. Immunopath. 40:225–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leenars PPAM, Hendriksen CFM, Koedam MA, Claassen I, Claassen E (1995) Comparison of adjuvants for immune potentiating properties and side effects in mice. Vet. Immunol. Immunopath. 48:123–138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leenars PPAM, Hendriksen CFM, de Leeuw WA, Carat F, Delahaut P, Fischer R, Haider M, Hanly WC, Hartinger J, Hau J, Lindblad EB, Nicklas W, Outschoorn IM, Stewart-Tull DES (1999) The production of polyclonal antibodies in laboratory animals. The report and recommendations of ECVAM workshop 35. ATLA 27:79–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Lösch U, Schranner I, Wanke R, Jürgens L (1986) The chicken egg, an anti-body source. J. Vet. Med. B 33:609–619

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lübke A (1990) Änderung des Immunstatus (Serumantikörper) beim Kaninchen nach parenteraler Adjuvans-und Antigengabe. Vet. med. Diss., Freie Universität Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • MacDonald RA, Hosking CS, Jones CL (1988) The measurement of relative antibody affinity by ELISA using thiocyanate elution. J. Immunol. Methods 106:191–194

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mahn K (1998) Etablierung eines Immunisierungsschemas für Legehennen. Vet. med. Diss, Universität München

    Google Scholar 

  • Mallon, F. M., M. E. Graichen, B. R. Conway, M. S. Landi, and H. C. Hughes, 1991. Comparison of antibody response by use of synthetic adjuvant system and Freund complete adjuvant in rabbits. Am. J. Vet. Res. 52, 1503–1506

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mayr A, Eissner G, Mayr-Bibrack B (1984) Handbuch der Schutzimpfungen in der Tiermedizin. Verlag P. Parey, Berlin und Hamburg

    Google Scholar 

  • Mittenbühler K, Loleit M, Baier W, Fischer B, Sedelmeier E, Jung G, Winkelmann G, Jacobi C, Weckesser J, Erhard MH, Hofmann A, Bessler WG, Hofmann P (1997) Drug specific antibodies: T-cell epitope-lipopeptide conjugates are potent adjuvants for small antigens in vivo and in vitro. Int. J. Immunnopharm. 19:277–287

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mittermeier M (1995) Das Lipopeptid Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4-eine Alternative zu Freundschem komplettem Adjuvans (FCA) bei der Immunisierung von Legehennen zur Gewinnung von Dotterantikörpern. Doktor-Thesis, Tierärztliche Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Google Scholar 

  • Morein B, Villacres-Eriksson M, Kerblom L, Lövgren K (1993) Initiation of immune response with ISCOM. In: Gregoriadis G, McCormack B, Allison AC, Poste GC (eds) New Generation Vaccines: The Role of Basic Immunology,. Plenum Press, New York, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nail SL, White JL, Hem SL (1976) Structure of aluminium hyroxide gel II: aging mechanism. J. Pharm. Sci. 65:1192–1195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nakashima I, Nagase F, Yokochi T, Ohta M, Kato N (1979) Adjuvant actions of polyclonal lymphocyte activators. I. Comparison and characterization of their actions in antibody response to deaggregated bovine serum albumin. Cell. Immunol. 46:69–76

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paterson PY (1966) Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and auto-immune disease. Adv. Immunol. 5:131–201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Potter M (1977) Antigen-binding myeloma proteins of mice. Adv. Immunol. 25:141–145

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramon G (1925) Sur l’augmentation anormale de l’antitoxine chez les chevaux producteurs de sérum antidiphtérique. Bull. Soc. Centr. Med. Vet. 101:227–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Roitt IM, Brostoff J Male DK (1987) Kurzes Lehrbuch der Immunologie. G. Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanchez Y, Ionescu-Matiu I, Dresman G, Kramp W, Six HR, Hollinger FB, Melnick JL (1980) Humoral and cellular immunity to hepatitis B virusderived antigens: comparative activity of Freund’s complete adjuvant, alum, and liposomes. Infect. Immun. 30:728–733

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sasse M, Krüger M, Schade R, Hlinak A (1998) Herstellung und Charakterisierung aviärer vitelliner Antikörper gegen Lipopolysaccharide und Lipid A. 1. Mitteilung: Induktion und Präparation von spezifischen Dotterantikörpern (IgY) gegen Endotoxine. BMTW 111:121–126

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schade R, Schniering A, Hlinak A (1992) Die Gewinnung spezifischer, polyklonaler Antikörper aus dem Dotter von Hühnereiern als Alternative zur Immunisierung von Säugern-eine Übersicht. ALTEX 9:43–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schade R, Staak C, Hendriksen C, Erhard MH, Hugl H, Koch G, Larsson A, Pollmann W, Van Regenmortel M, Rijke E, Spielmann H, Steinbusch H, Straughan D (1996) The production of avian (egg yolk) antibodies: IgY. ATLA 24:925–934.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schade R, Henklein P, Hlinak A, de Vente J, Steinbusch H (1996) Specificity of chicken (IgY) versus rabbit (IgG) antibodies raised against cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8). Altex, Suppl. 13:80–85

    Google Scholar 

  • Schecklies E (1996) Polyklonale Antikörper. Eine Einführung in die Theorie und Praxis der Antikörperherstellung. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Weinheim New York Basel Cambridge Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt P, Erhard MH, Wanke R, Hofmann A, Schmahl W (1996) Gewebsveränderungen nach Anwendung verschiedener Adjuvantien für die Immunisierung. ALTEX Suppl. 13:30–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Schutt C, Schilling T, Grünwald U, Schönfeld W, Krüger C (1992) Endotoxin-neutralizing capacity of soluble CD14. Res. Immunol. 143:71–78

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarzkopf C (1994) Gewinnung und immunologische Charakterisierung speziesspezifischer IgY sowie deren Einsatz zur Bestimmung der Wirtstierart aus dem Abdominalblut hämatophager Insekten. Vet. med. Diss., Freie Universität Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwarzkopf C, Thiele B (1996) Effectivity of alternative adjuvants in comparison to Freund’s complete adjuvant, ALTEX, Suppl. 13:22–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwarzkopf C, Thiele B (1997) Chicken IgY: efficacy of alternative adjuvants compared to FCA. In: van Zutphen LFM, Balls M (eds) Animal alternatives, welfare and ethics, Elsevier, Amsterdam Lausanne New York Oxford Shannon Tokyo, pp. 983–988

    Google Scholar 

  • Snippe H, Kamp E (1975) Cell co-operation and hapten-carrier complexes. Immunology 29:675–685

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sprick-Sanjosé Messing A (1990) Studien zur Adjuvanswirkung beim Haushuhn (Gallus gallus). Vet. med. Diss., Universität München

    Google Scholar 

  • Steiner JW, Langer B, Schatz DL (1960) The local and systemic effects of Freund’s adjuvant and its fractions. Arch. Pathol. 70:424–434

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sugimoto M, Germain RN, Chedid L, Benacerraf B (1978) Enhancement of carrier-synthetic helper T-cell function by the synthetic adjuvant, N-acetyl muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP). J. Immun. 120: 980–982

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tal C, Laufer A (1960) Amyloidosis in mice following injections with Freund’s adjuvant, its components separately or in homologous liver-adjuvant mixture. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 41:605–609

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tam JP (1988) Synthetic peptide vaccine design: synthesis and properties of a high-density multiple antigenic peptide system. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 85:5409–5413

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thein P (1988) Adjuvantien: Immunmodulation und Immunstimulation. Vet. Med. Nachr. 59:3–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Wanke R, Schmidt P, Erhard MH, Sprick-Sanjose Messing A, Stangassinger M, Schmahl W, Hermanns W (1996) Freundsches komplettes Adjuvans beim Huhn: effiziente Immunstimulation bei gravierender lokaler in-flammatorischer Reaktionen. J. Vet. Med. A 43:243–253

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wiesmüller KH, Bessler WG, Jung G (1983) Synthesis of the mitogenic S-[2,3-Bis(palmitoyloxy)propyl]-N-palmitoylpenta-peptide from Escherichia coli lipoprotein. Hoppe-seyler’s Z. Physiol. Chem. 364:593–606

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organisation (1976) Immunological adjuvants. Technical Report Series No. 595, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zentrales Institut des Sanitätsdienstes der Bundeswehr Koblenz, Laborabt. II (Vet. Med), Generaloberst-Beck-Str. 1f, Mainz, 55129, Germany

    Christine Schwarzkopf

  2. Bundesinstitut für gesundheitlichen Verbraucherschutz und Veterinärmedizin, Diedersdorfer Weg 1, Berlin, 12277, Germany

    Christian Staak

  3. Pharmazie und Psychologie, Universität Leipzig, Talstr. 33, Leipzig, 04103, Germany

    Irene Behn (Fakultät für Biowissenschaften)

  4. Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Veterinär-Physiologisches Institut, Universität Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 7, Leipzig, 04103, Germany

    Michael Erhard

Authors
  1. Christine Schwarzkopf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Christian Staak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Irene Behn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Michael Erhard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Charité der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Dorotheenstraße 94, 10117, Berlin, Germany

    Rüdiger Schade

  2. Pharmazie und Psychologie Institut für Zoologie, Universität Leipzig, Talstraße 33, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Ingrid Behn (Fakultät für Biowissenschaften) (Fakultät für Biowissenschaften)

  3. Veterinär-Physiologisches Institut, Universität Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 7, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Michael Erhard (Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät) (Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät)

  4. Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Luisenstraße 56, 10117, Berlin, Germany

    Andreas Hlinak (Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät) (Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät)

  5. Verbraucherschutz und Veterinärmedizin (BgVV), Institut für Veterinärmedizin, FG 505, Bundesinstitut für gesundheitlichen, Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277, Berlin, Germany

    Christian Staak

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schwarzkopf, C., Staak, C., Behn, I., Erhard, M. (2001). Immunisation. In: Schade, R., Behn, I., Erhard, M., Hlinak, A., Staak, C. (eds) Chicken Egg Yolk Antibodies, Production and Application. Springer Lab Manuals. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04488-9_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04488-9_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-04490-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-04488-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation