Abstract
Collective phenomena such as superconductivity and ferromagnetism rely on the collective behavior of many particles, be they electrons paired in Cooper pairs or the spins of electrons in ferromagnetism. This implies a characteristic interaction, e.g. Cooper pairing via the Fröhlich interaction or the exchange interaction in ferromagnetism, and a coherence of the quantum-mechanical state over macroscopic or at least mesoscopic dimensions (several tens of nanometers). The characteristic length scale for such phenomena is the coherence length. This determines e.g., the distance from an interface or surface at which a collective phenomenon has fully developed given the fact that at the very surface insufficient neighboring particles are available for establishing the collective interaction.
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Lüth, H. (2001). Collective Phenomena at Interfaces: Superconductivity and Ferromagnetism. In: Solid Surfaces, Interfaces and Thin Films. Advanced Texts in Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04352-3_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04352-3_9
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