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Embryonic Patterning of Xenopus Mesoderm by Bmp-4

  • Conference paper
Of Fish, Fly, Worm, and Man

Part of the book series: Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop ((SCHERING FOUND,volume 29))

  • 101 Accesses

Abstract

During embryogenesis three germ layers — ecto-, meso-, and endoderm — give rise to all somatic cells of the vertebrate body. From mesoderm, the skeleton, muscle, connective tissue, heart, endocrine and exocrine organs, blood, and the immune system develop. Mesoderm also plays a critical role during axis formation in the vertebrate embryo. During gastrulation, the early dorsal mesoderm, or Spemann organizer, has a central inductive role. The Spemann organizer transplanted to the ventral side of a host embryo induces a twin embryo containing a complete duplicated embryonic axis including the notochord, somites, and central and peripheral nervous system. The organizer is also present in all other vertebrates analyzed where it elicits comparable effects. In chicken and mice this structure is the node, in fish the embryonic shield, which when transplanted induces ectopic axial tissue (Storey et al. 1992; Beddington 1994; Shih and Fraser 1996). The organizer dorsalizes surrounding

A Development of Xenopus mesoderm. Mesoderm develops from an equatorial belt of cells located between the animal and vegetal pole of the gastrula embryo, the marginal zone (left). The marginal zone is already specified dorsoventrally and will give rise to a characteristic sequence of mesodermal tissues shown for the tadpole embryo (right). B Evolutionary conservation of dorsoventral (d/v) patterning in Xenopus and Drosophila. The expression of Xenopus chordin and Drosophila short gastrulation (sog) is reversed with respect to the d/v axis as is expression of Bmp-4 and its Drosophila homolog decapentaplegic (dpp). These factors antagonize each other leading to d/v patterning of Xenopus mesoderm into notochord (no), muscle (mu),and ventral mesoderm (vm), as well as Drosophila blastoderm into amnioserosa (as), dorsal ectoderm (de), neural tissue (ne),and mesoderm (me)

mesoderm, induces and patterns the neural plate, and sets in motion a cascade of secondary inductions (Hamburger 1988; Harland and Gerhart 1997).

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  1. C. Niehrs
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  2. R. Dosch
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  3. D. Onichtchouk
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung Genetik, Max-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Spemannstrasse 35/III, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard

  2. Enabling Technologies, Preclinical Drug Research, Schering AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13342, Berlin, Germany

    Jörn Krätzschmar

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Niehrs, C., Dosch, R., Onichtchouk, D. (2000). Embryonic Patterning of Xenopus Mesoderm by Bmp-4. In: Nüsslein-Volhard, C., Krätzschmar, J. (eds) Of Fish, Fly, Worm, and Man. Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop, vol 29. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04264-9_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04264-9_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-04266-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-04264-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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