Skip to main content

Electronic Band Structures

  • Chapter
  • 882 Accesses

Abstract

The property which distinguishes semiconductors from other materials concerns the behavior of their electrons, in particular the existence of gaps in their electronic excitation spectra. The microscopic behavior of electrons in a solid is most conveniently specified in terms of the electronic band structure. The purpose of this chapter is to study the band structure of the most common semiconductors, namely, Si, Ge, and related III–Vcompounds. We will begin with a quick introduction to the quantum mechanics of electrons in a crystalline solid.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Reference

  1. C. Kittel: Introduction to Solid State Physics, 7th edn. ( Wiley, New York 1995 ) p. 37

    Google Scholar 

  2. L. M. Falicov: Group Theory and its Physical Applications (Univ. Chicago Press, Chicago 1966 )

    Google Scholar 

  3. G. F. Koster: Space groups and their representations, in Solid State Physics 5, 173 - 256 ( Academic, New York 1957 )

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. D. M. Greenaway, G. Harbeke: Optical Properties and Band Structure of Semiconductors ( Pergamon, New York 1968 ) p. 44

    Google Scholar 

  5. H. Jones: The Theory of Brillouin Zones and Electronic States in Crystals, 2nd edn. ( North-Holland, Amsterdam 1975 )

    Google Scholar 

  6. M. L. Cohen, J. Chelikowsky: Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of Semiconductors, 2nd edn., Springer Ser. Solid-State Sci., Vol. 75 ( Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1989 )

    Google Scholar 

  7. J. R. Chelikowsky, D. J. Chadi, M. L. Cohen: Calculated valence band densities of states and photoemission spectra of diamond and zinc-blende semiconductors. Phys. Rev. B 8, 2786 - 2794 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. C. Varea de Alvarez, J. P. Walter, R. W. Boyd, M. L. Cohen: Calculated band structures, optical constants and electronic charge densities for InAs and InSb. J. Chem. Phys. Solids 34, 337 - 345 (1973)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. P. Hohenberg, W. Kohn: Inhomogeneous electron gas. Phys. Rev. B 863, 136 (1964)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. W. Kohn, L. Sham: Self-consistent equations including exchange and correlation effects. Phys. Rev. A 113, 140 (1965)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. M. S. Hybertsen, S. G. Louie: Electron correlation in semiconductors and insulators. Phys. Rev. B 34, 5390 - 5413 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  12. N. Trouillier, J. L. Martins: Efficient pseudopotentials for plane wave calculations. Phys. Rev. B 43, 1993 - 2006 (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. E. O. Kane: Band structure of indium antimonide. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 1, 249 - 261 (1957)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Cardona, E H. Pollak: Energy-band structure of germanium and silicon. Phys. Rev. 142, 530 - 543 (1966)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. M. Cardona: Band parameters of semiconductors with zincblende, wurtzite, and germanium structure. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 24, 1543-1555 (1963); erratum: ibid. 26, 1351E (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  16. 16 O. Madelung, M. Schulz, H. Weiss (eds.): Landolt-Börnstein,Series III, Vol. 17a—h (Semiconductors) (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1987)

    Google Scholar 

  17. E. O. Kane: The k • p method. Semiconductors and Semimetals 1, 75-100 ( Academic, New York 1966 )

    Google Scholar 

  18. M. Cardona, N. E. Christensen, G. Fasol: Relativistic band structure and spin-orbit splitting of zincblende-type semiconductors. Phys. Rev. B 38, 1806 - 1827 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. G. Dresselhaus, A. F. Kip, C. Kittel: Cyclotron resonance of electrons and holes in silicon and germanium crystals. Phys. Rev. 98, 368 - 384 (1955)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. J. M. Luttinger: Quantum theory of cyclotron resonance in semiconductors: General theory. Phys. Rev. 102, 1030 - 1041 (1956)

    Article  ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. W. A. Harrison: Electronic Structure and the Properties of Solids: The Physics of the Chemical Bond ( Dover, New York 1989 )

    Google Scholar 

  22. D. J. Chadi, M. L. Cohen: Tight-binding calculations of the valence bands of diamond and zincblende crystals. Phys. Stat. Solidi B 68, 405 - 419 (1975)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. W. A. Harrison: The physics of solid state chemistry, in Festkörperprobleme 17,135-155 (Vieweg, Braunschweig, FRG 1977 )

    Google Scholar 

  24. E Herman: Recent progress in energy band theory, in Proc. Intl Conf. on Physics of Semiconductors ( Dunod, Paris 1964 ) pp. 3 - 22

    Google Scholar 

  25. T. Dietl, W. Dobrowolski, J. Kosut, B. J. Kowalski, W. Szuskiewicz, Z. Wilamoski, A. M. Witowski: HgSe: Metal or Semiconductor? Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1535 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. T. N. Morgan: Symmetry of electron states in GaP. Phys. Rev. Lett. 21, 819 - 823 (1968)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. R. M. Wentzcovitch, M. Cardona, M. L. Cohen, N. E. Christensen: X1 and X3 states of electrons and phonons in zincblende-type semiconductors. Solid State Commun. 67, 927 - 930 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. S. H. Wei, A. Zunger: Band gaps and spin-orbit splitting of ordered and disordered A1XGai_XAs and GaAsXSbi_X alloys. Phys. Rev. B 39, 3279 - 3304 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

General Reading

  • Burns G.: Introduction to Group Theory and Applications ( Academic, New York 1977 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Evarestov R. A., V. P. Smirnov: Site Symmetry in Crystals, Springer Ser. Solid-State Sci., Vol. 108 ( Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1993 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Falicov L. M.: Group Theory and Its Physical Applications (Univ. Chicago Press, Chicago 1966 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Heine V.: Group Theory in Quantum Mechanics ( Pergamon, New York 1960 )

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Inui T., Y. Tanabe, Y. Onodera: Group Theory and Its Applications in Physics, 2nd edn. Springer Ser. Solid-State Sci., Vol. 78 ( Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1996 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones H.: Groups, Representations, and Physics ( Hilger, Bristol 1990 )

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Koster G. F.: Space groups and their representations. Solid State Physics 5, 173-256 ( Academic, New York 1957 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Lax M.: Symmetry Principles in Solid State and Molecular Physics ( Wiley, New York 1974 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Ludwig W., C. Falter: Symmetries in Physics, 2nd edn., Springer Ser. Solid-State Sci., Vol. 64 ( Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1996 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Tinkham M.: Group Theory and Quantum Mechanics ( McGraw-Hill, New York 1964 )

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Vainshtein B. K.: Fundamentals of Crystals, 2nd edn., Modern Crystallography, Vol. 1 ( Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1994 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen M. L., Chelikowsky, J.: Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of Semiconductors, 2nd edn., Springer Ser. Solid-State Sci., Vol. 75 ( Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1989 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenaway D. L., Harbeke, G.: Optical Properties and Band Structure of Semiconductors ( Pergamon, New York 1968 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrison W.A.: Electronic Structure and the Properties of Solids: The Physics of the Chemical Bond ( Dover, New York 1989 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones H.: The Theory of Brillouin Zones and Electronic States in Crystals ( North-Holland, Amsterdam 1962 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillips J. C.: Covalent Bonding in Crystals, Molecules, and Polymers (Univ. Chicago Press, Chicago 1969 )

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Yu, P.Y., Cardona, M. (1999). Electronic Band Structures. In: Fundamentals of Semiconductors. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03848-2_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03848-2_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-03850-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-03848-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics