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Characterization of Human Estrogen Receptor ß

  • Conference paper
Molecular Basis of Sex Hormone Receptor Function

Part of the book series: Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop ((SCHERING FOUND,volume 24))

Abstract

Estrogens influence the growth, differentiation, and function of many target tissues, including tissues of the male and female reproductive systems such as mammary gland, uterus, vagina, ovary, testis, epididymis, and prostate (Clark et al. 1992). Estrogens also play important roles in bone maintenance (Turner et al. 1994) and in the cardiovascular system where they have been shown to have cardioprotective effects (Farhat et al. 1996), and in the central nervous system (Mccarthy and Pfaus 1996). Natural and synthetic antagonists are used in a number of clinical applications such as, for example, breast cancer therapy, treatment and prevention of osteoporosis, and in estrogen replacement therapy of postmenopausal women. Estrogens are mainly produced in the ovaries and testes. The three main forms of estrogens are 17ß-estradiol (biologically the most potent), estriol, and estrone. They diffuse in and out of cells, but are retained with high affinity and specificity in target cells by an intranuclear binding protein, termed the estrogen receptor (ER). This receptor regulates the expression of specific target genes by binding to target sequences called response elements in the promoter region of the respective target genes (Gronemeyer and Laudet 1995).

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Authors
  1. E. Enmark
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  2. J.-Å. Gustafsson
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cell Biology, Parc d’Innovation, 1, rue Laurent Fries, B.P. 163, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France

    H. Gronemeyer

  2. Fertility Control and Hormone Therapy, Schering AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13342, Berlin, Germany

    U. Fuhrmann

  3. Experimental Oncology, Schering AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13342, Berlin, Germany

    K. Parczyk

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© 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Enmark, E., Gustafsson, JÅ. (1998). Characterization of Human Estrogen Receptor ß. In: Gronemeyer, H., Fuhrmann, U., Parczyk, K. (eds) Molecular Basis of Sex Hormone Receptor Function. Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop, vol 24. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03689-1_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03689-1_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-03691-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-03689-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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