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Molecular Basis of Sex Hormone Receptor Function pp 141–160Cite as

A Structural View of the Retinoid Nuclear Receptors

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Part of the book series: Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop ((SCHERING FOUND,volume 24))

Abstract

Cellular signaling uses two main pathways, the membrane-associated and the nuclear receptors (NRs). The characteristic of the first is the use of water-soluble ligands which do not cross the membrane. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces, e.g., autophosphorylation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, starting a cascade of serine- or tyrosine-kinases, finally transducing the signal to the nucleus. NRs work very differently. Located in the nucleus they control the activity of their target genes directly by binding to specific DNA sequences called hormone response elements. They are activated by hydrophobic ligands, like the steroid hormones and retinoids, which reach their receptor in the cytoplasm or the nucleus by crossing the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. Some of these ligands, such as retinoic acid, need to be metabolically modified, others are completely synthesized in the cell, as Prostaglandins.

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Authors
  1. B. P. Klaholz
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  2. D. Moras
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cell Biology, Parc d’Innovation, 1, rue Laurent Fries, B.P. 163, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France

    H. Gronemeyer

  2. Fertility Control and Hormone Therapy, Schering AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13342, Berlin, Germany

    U. Fuhrmann

  3. Experimental Oncology, Schering AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13342, Berlin, Germany

    K. Parczyk

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© 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Klaholz, B.P., Moras, D. (1998). A Structural View of the Retinoid Nuclear Receptors. In: Gronemeyer, H., Fuhrmann, U., Parczyk, K. (eds) Molecular Basis of Sex Hormone Receptor Function. Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop, vol 24. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03689-1_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03689-1_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-03691-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-03689-1

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