Abstract
Apples are grown in virtually all temperate climates and with modern storage and transportation are found in every country, essentially year-round. The origin of modern cultivars can be traced to a few centers where genetic diversity flourished because of environmental conditions conducive to the evolution and sustenance of diverse genotypes. Global exploration and immigration over the centuries included apple culture and cultivar development as an integral component of developing civilizations. Centers of origin for 32 primary species have been identified in several countries on three different continents (Table 1).
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Stushnoff, C., Seufferheld, M. (1995). Cryopreservation of Apple (Malus Species) Genetic Resources. In: Bajaj, Y.P.S. (eds) Cryopreservation of Plant Germplasm I. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 32. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03096-7_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03096-7_5
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