Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Somatic Embryogenesis in Norway Spruce (Picea abies)

  • Chapter
Book cover Somatic Embryogenesis and Synthetic Seed I

Part of the book series: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry ((AGRICULTURE,volume 30))

Abstract

The genus Picea (family Pinaceae) consists of 36 species and about 100 subspecies and varieties. Picea is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere. Picea abies (L.) Karst, Norway spruce, is widespread in the central and northern parts of Europe and it is the most common tree in Sweden. It thrives in all soils, except heavy clays and badly waterlogged soils. The trees are generally intolerant of pollution. The wood is light in weight, soft, long-fibered, elastic, slightly resinous with a few and scattered and cream-colored or white resin ducts. Picea abies is one of the most important coniferous species in Europe for timber, pulp and paper production. It also has numerous other applications, including general joinery and carpentry, packing cases, boxes, musical instruments, fuel wood, etc. Picea abies plays a vital role in the international trade balance, especially for the Nordic countries.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Becwar M, Noland T, Wann S (1987) A method for quantification of the level of somatic embryogenesis among Norway spruce cell lines. Plant Cell Rep 6: 35–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Becwar M, Wann S, Johnson M, Verhagen S, Feirer R, Nagmani R (1988) Development and characterization of in vitro embryogenic systems in conifers. In: Ahuja MR (ed) Somatic cell genetics of woody plants. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 1–18

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Becwar M, Noland T, Wyckoff J (1989) Maturation, germination and conversion of Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) somatic embryos to plants. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 25 (6): 525–580

    Google Scholar 

  • Bellarosa R, Mo LH, von Arnold S (1992) The influence of auxin and cytokinin on proliferation and morphology of somatic embryos of Picea abies. Ann Bot 70: 199–206

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berchetche J, Galerne M, Dereuddre J (1990) Augmentation des capacites de regeneration de cals embrygogenes de Picea abies (L) Karst. aprés congélation dans l’azote liquide. CR Acad Sci Paris 310: 357–363

    Google Scholar 

  • Bozhkov PV, Lebedenko LA, Shiryaeva (1992) A pronounced synergistic effect of abscisic acid and 6-benzyladenin on Norway spruce (Picea abies) somatic embryo maturation. Plant Cell Rep 11: 386–389

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boulay MP, Gupta PK, Krogstrup P, Durzan DJ (1988) Development of somatic embryos from cell suspension cultures of Norway spruce. Plant Cell Rep 7: 134–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Egertsdotter U, von Arnold S (1993) Classification of embryogenic cell lines of Picea abies as regards protoplast isolation and culture. J Plant Physiol 141: 222–229

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Egertsdotter U, Mo H, von Arnold S (1993) Extracellular proteins secreted to the culture medium of embryogenic suspension cultures of Norway spruce (Picea abies). Physiol Plant 88: 315–321

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ekberg I, Norell L, von Arnold S (1993) Are there any associations between embryogenic capacity and phenological characteristics in two populations of Picea abies. Can J For Res 23: 731–737

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feirer R, Conkey J, Verhagen S (1989) Tryglycerides in embryogenic conifer calli: a comparison with zygotic embryos. Plant Cell Rep 8: 207–209

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta PK, Durzan DJ (1986) Plantlet regeneration via somatic embryogenesis from subcultured callus of mature embryos of Picea abies ( Norway spruce ). In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 22: 685–688

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta PK, Durzan DJ (1987) Biotechnology of somatic polyembryogenesis and plantlet regeneration in loblolly pine. Bio/Technology 5: 147–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hakman J (1993) Embryology in Norway spruce (Picea abies). An analysis of the composition of seed storage protein and deposition of storage reserves, dummy seed development and somatic embryogenesis. Physiol Plant 87: 148–159

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hakman I, von Arnold S (1985) Plantlet regeneration through somatic embryogenesis in Picea abies (Norway spruce). J Plant Physiol 121: 149–158

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hakman I, Fowke LC, von Arnold S, Eriksson T (1985) The developmentof somatic embryos in tissue cultures initiated from immature embryos of Picea abies ( Norway spruce ). Plant Sci Lett 38: 53–59

    Google Scholar 

  • Hakman I, Stable P, Engström P, Eriksson T (1990) Storage protein accumulation during zygotic and somatic embryo development in Norway spruce. Physiol Plant 80: 441–445

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jain SM, Newton RJ, Soltes EJ (1988) Enhancement of somatic embryogenesis in Norway spruce (Picea abies). Theor Appl Genet 76: 501–506

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jalonen P, von Arnold S (1991) Characterisation of embryogenic cell lines of Picea abies in relation to their competence for maturation. Plant Cell 10 (8): 384–387

    Google Scholar 

  • Krogstrup P (1986) Embryo-like structures from cotyledons and ripe embryos of Norway spruce (Picea abies). Can J For Res 16: 664–668

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kvaalen H, von Arnold S (1991) Effects of various partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide on different stages of somatic embryogenesis in Picea abies. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 27 (1): 49–57

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lelu A-M, Boulay M, Armand I (1987) Obtention de cals embryogènes à partir de cotyledons de Picea abies (L.) Karst. prélevés sur des jeunes plantes agées de 3 à 7 jours après germination. CR Acad Sci Paris 305: 105

    Google Scholar 

  • Lelu A-M, Boulay M, Bornman C (1990) Somatic embryogenesis in cotyledons of Picea abies is enchanced by an adventitious bud-inducing treatment. New For 4: 125–135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mo LH, von Arnold S (1991) Origin and development of embryogenic cultures from seedlings of Norway spruce (Picea abies). J Plant Physiol 138: 223–230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mo LH, von Arnold S, Lagercrantz U (1989) Morphogenic and genetic stability in long-term embryogenic cultures and somatic embryos of Norway spruce [Picea abies ( L.) Karst.]. Plant Cell Rep 8: 375–378

    Google Scholar 

  • Mo H, Egertsdotter U, von Arnold S (1994) Secretion of specific extracellular proteins by somatic embryos of Picea abies is dependent on embryo morphology. Plant Sci (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nagmani A, Becwar MR, Wann SR (1987) Single-cell origin and development of somatic embryos in Picea abies (L.) Karst. (Norway spruce) and Picea glauca (Moench) Voss ( White spruce ). Plant Cell Rep 6: 157–159

    Google Scholar 

  • Newton RJ, Yibrah HS, Dong N, Clapham D, von Arnold S (1992) Expression of an abscisic acid reponsive promotor in Picea abies following bombardment with electrical discharge. Plant Cell Rep 11: 188–191

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Norgaard JV, Durus V, Johnson O, Verogstrup P, Baldursson S, von Arnold S (1993) Variation in cryotolerance of embryogenic Picea abies cultures and the relation to genotype, family, culture morphology, maturation competence and frost hardiness. Can J For Res 23: 2560–2567

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt-Vogt H (1977, 1986) Die Fichte. Ein Handbuch in zwei Bänden. Paul Parey, Hamburg Simola L, Santanen A (1990) Improvement of nutrient medium for growth and embryogenesis of megagametophyte and embryo callus lines of Picea abies. Physiol Plant 80: 27–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Verhagen S, Wann SR (1989) Norway spruce somatic embryogenesis: higher frequency initiation light cultured mature embryos. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 16: 103–111

    Google Scholar 

  • von Arnold S (1987) Improved efficiency of somatic embryogenesis in mature embryos of Picea abies. J Plant Physiol 128: 233–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • von Arnold S, Hakman I (1986) Effect of sucrose on initiation of embryogenic callus cultures from mature zygotic embryos of Picea abies (L.) Karst. ( Norway spruce ). J Plant Physiol 122: 261–265

    Google Scholar 

  • von Arnold S, Hakman I (1988a) Plantlet regeneration in vitro via adventitious buds and somatic embryos in Norway spruce (Picea abies). In: Hanover JW, Keathley DE (eds) Genetic manipulation of woody plants. Plenum Press, New York, pp 199–215

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • von Arnold S, Hakman I (1988b) Regulation of somatic embryo development in Picea abies by abscisic acid ( ABA ). J Plant Physiol 132: 164–169

    Google Scholar 

  • Wann SR, Johnson MA, Noland TL, Carlson JA (1987) Biochemical differences between embryogenic and nonembryogenic callus of Picea abies ( L.) Karst. Plant Cell Rep 6: 39–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Yibrah H, Manders G, Clapham D, von Arnold S (1994) Biological factors affecting transient transformation in embryogenic suspension cultures of Picea abies. J Plant Physiol (in press)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Uppsala Genetic Center, Department of Forest Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7027, S-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden

    H. Yibrah

Authors
  1. S. von Arnold
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. Clapham
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. U. Egertsdotter
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. I. Ekberg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. H. Mo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. H. Yibrah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. A-137, New Friends Colony, 110065, New Delhi, India

    Y. P. S. Bajaj

  2. Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana, India

    Y. P. S. Bajaj

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

von Arnold, S., Clapham, D., Egertsdotter, U., Ekberg, I., Mo, H., Yibrah, H. (1995). Somatic Embryogenesis in Norway Spruce (Picea abies). In: Bajaj, Y.P.S. (eds) Somatic Embryogenesis and Synthetic Seed I. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 30. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03091-2_28

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03091-2_28

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-08183-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-03091-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation