Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Somatic Embryogenesis in Citrus Species

  • Chapter
Somatic Embryogenesis and Synthetic Seed I

Part of the book series: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry ((AGRICULTURE,volume 30))

Abstract

Citrus fruits are one of the most important fruit crops in the world, beyond grapes in total production. World Citrus production has been continuously increasing and it exceeded 78 million tons by 1991, whereas it was only about 22 million tons in 1960. Citrus fruits are widely produced throughout the world both in tropical and subtropical countries with latitudes between 40 ° N and 40° S. At present, there are approximately 90 Citrus-producing countries, such as Brazil, USA, Mexico, Spain, Italy, China, Japan etc. (FAO 1992; FortucciMarongiu 1988).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Bajaj YPS (1979) Establishment of germplasm banks through freeze-storage of plant tissue culture and their implications in agriculture. In: Sharp WR, Larsen PO, Paddock EF, Raghavan V (eds) Plant tissue culture-principles and applications. Ohio State University Press, Columbus, pp 745–774

    Google Scholar 

  • Bajaj YPS (1984) Induction of growth in frozen embryos of coconut and ovules of citrus. Curr Sci 53: 1215–1216

    Google Scholar 

  • Bajaj YPS (1991) Storage and cryopreservation of in vitro cultures. In: Bajaj YPS (ed) Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, vol 17, High-tech and micropropagation I. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 361–381

    Google Scholar 

  • Barlass M, Skene KGM (1982) In vitro plantlet formation from Citrus species and hybrids. Sci Hortic 17: 333–341

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beloualy N (1991) Plant regeneration from callus culture of three Citrus rootstocks. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 24: 29–34

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ben-Hayyim G, Neumann H (1983) Stimulatory effect of glycerol on growth and somatic embryogenesis in Citrus callus culture. Z Pflanzenphysiol 110: 331–337

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burger DW, Hackett WP (1981) Regeneration of buds and roots from several citrus tissues. Proc Soc Int Citricult 1: 161–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Button J (1978) The effect of some carbohydrates on the growth and organization of Citrus ovular callus. Z Pflanzenphysiol 88: 61–68

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Button J, Kochba J (1977) Tissue culture in the citrus industry. In: Reinert J, Bajaj YPS (eds) Applied and fundamental aspects of plant cell, tissue, and organ culture. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 70–92

    Google Scholar 

  • Button J, Kochba J, Bornman CH (1974) Fine structure of and embryoid development from embryogenic ovular callus of Shamouti orange (Citrus sinensis Osb.). J Exp Bot 25: 446–457

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chaturvedi HC, Mitra G (1974) Clonal propagation of Citrus from somatic callus cultures. HortScience 9: 118–120

    Google Scholar 

  • Duran-Vila N, Ortega V, Navarro L (1989) Morphogenesis and tissue cultures of three Citrus species. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 16: 123–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edriss MH, Burgar DW (1984) In vitro propagation of Troyer citrange from epicotyl segments. Sci Hort 23: 159–162

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Einset JW (1978) Citrus tissue culture. Stimulation of fruit explant cultures with orange juice. Plant Physiol 62: 885–888

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO (1992) Production yearbook. FAO, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Fortucci-Marongiu (1988) Three decades of the world citrus economy. In: Goren R, Mendel K (eds) Proc 6th Int Citrus Congr. Balaban, Philadelphia/Rehovot, pp 19–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Gmiter FG, Moore GA (1986) Plant regeneration from undeveloped ovules and embryogenic calli of Citrus: embryo production, germination, and plant survival. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 6: 139–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gmitter FG, Ling XB, Deng XX (1990) Induction of triploid Citrus plants from endosperm calli in vitro. Theor Appl Genet 80: 785–790

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grinblat V (1972) Differentiation of citrus stem in vitro. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 97: 599–603

    Google Scholar 

  • Grosser JW, Gmitter FG (1990) Protoplast fusion and citrus improvement. Plant Breed Rev 8: 339–374

    Google Scholar 

  • Hidaka T (1984) Induction of plantlets from anthers of “Trovita” orange (Citrus sinensis Osb.) J Jpn Hort Sci 53: 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Hidaka T, Kajiura M (1988) Plantlet differentiation from callus protoplasts induced from citrus embryo. Sci Hortic 34: 85–92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hidaka T, Omura M (1989) Control of embryogenesis in Citrus cell culture. Regeneration from protoplasts and attempts to establish a callus bank. Bull Fruit Tree Res Stn Ser B (Okitsu) 16: 1–17 (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hidaka T, Yamada Y, Shichijo T (1979) In vitro differentiation of haploid plants by anther culture in Poncirus trifoliata ( L) Raf. Jpn J Breed 29: 248–254

    Google Scholar 

  • Hidaka T, Yamada Y, Shichijo T (1982) Plantlet formation from anthers of Citrus aurantium L. Jpn J Breed 32: 247–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Hidaka T, Omura M, Ugaki M, Tomiyama M (1990) Agrobacterium mediated transformation and regeneration of Citrus spp. from suspension cells. Jpn J Breed 40: 199–207

    Google Scholar 

  • Kitto SL, Young MJ (1981) In vitro propagation of Carrizo citrange. HortScience 16: 305–306

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi S (1987) Uniformity of plants regenerated from orange (Citrus sinensis Osb.) protoplasts. Theor Appl Genet 74: 10–14

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi S, Ikeda I, Nakatani M (1981) Role of the primordium cells in nucellar embryogenesis in citrus. Proc Tnt Soc Citricult 1: 44–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi S, Uchimiya H, Ikeda I (1983) Plant regeneration from Trovita orange protoplasts. Jpn J Breed 33: 119–122

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi S, Ikeda I, Nakatani M (1984) Induction of nucellar callus from orange (Citrus sinensis Osb.) ovules, and uniformity of the regenerated plants. Bull Fruit Tree Res Stn Ser E 5: 43–54 (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi S, Ikeda I, Uchimiya H (1985) Conditions for high frequency embryogenesis from orange (Citrus sinensis Osb.) protoplasts. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 4: 249–259

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi S, Sakai A, Oiyama I (1990) Cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen of cultured navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osb.) nucellar cells and subsequent plant regeneration. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 23: 15–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kochba J, Button J (1974) The stimulation of embryogenesis and embryoid development in habituated ovular callus from the Shamouti orange (Citrus sinensis) as affected by tissue age and sucrose concentration. Z Pflanzenphysiol 81: 283–288

    Google Scholar 

  • Kochba J, Speigel-Roy P (1973) Effect of culture media on embryoid formation from ovular callus of Shamouti orange (Citrus sinensis). Z Pflanzenzucht 69: 159–162

    Google Scholar 

  • Kochba J, Spiegel-Roy P (1977) The effect of auxins, cytokinins and inhibitors on embryogenesis in habituated ovular callus of the Shamouti orange (Citrus sinensis). Z Pflanzenphysiol 81: 283–288

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kochba J, Spiegel-Roy P, Saad S (1972) Adventive plants from ovules and nucelli in citrus. Planta 106: 237–245

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kochba J, Spiegel-Roy P, Neumann H, Saad S (1978) Stimulation of embryogenesis in citrus ovular callus by ABA, ethephon, CCC and Alar and its suppression by GA3. Z Pflanzenphysiol 89: 427–432

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kochba J, Spiegel-Roy P, Neumann H, Saad S (1982) Effect of carbohydrates on somatic embryogenesis in subcultured nucellar callus of Citrus cultivars. Z Pflanzenphysiol 105: 359–368

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kunitake H, Kagami H, Mii M (1991a) Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from protoplasts of “Satsuma” mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.). Sci Hortic 47: 27–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kunitake H, Kagami H, Mii M (1991b) Plant regeneration from protoplasts of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) via somatic embryogenesis. JARC 24: 287–291

    Google Scholar 

  • Ling JT (1991) Studies on tissue, cell and protoplast culture in Citrus. PhD Thesis, Kagoshima University, Japan

    Google Scholar 

  • Ling JT, Nito N, Iwamasa M (1989) Plant regeneration from protoplasts of Calamondin (Citrus madurensis Lour.). Sci Hortic 40: 325–333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ling JT, Nito N, Iwamasa M, Kunitake H (1990) Plant regeneration from protoplasts isolated from embryogenic callus of Satsuma. HortScience 25 (8): 970–972

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moore GA (1985) Factors affecting in vitro embryogenesis from undeveloped ovules of mature Citrus fruit. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 110: 66–70

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15: 473–497

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murashige T, Tucker DPH (1969) Growth factor requirement of citrus tissue culture. Proc 1st Int Citrus Symp 3: 1155–1161

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nagata R, Kashino T, Todoroki A (1992) Isolation of protoplasts and regeneration of plantlets from kumquat nucellar callus. J Jpn Soc Hortic Sci 61 (Suppl 1): 772 (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nito N, Iwamasa M (1990) In vitro plantlet formation from juice vesicle callus of satsuma (Citrus unshiu Marc.). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 20: 137–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ohgawara T, Kobayashi S, Ohgawara E, Uchmiya H, Ishii S (1985) Somatic hybrid plants obtained by protoplast fusion between Citrus sinensis and Poncirus trifoliata. Theor App] Genet 71: 1–4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sakai A (1985) Cryopreservation of shoot-tips of fruit trees and herbaceous plants. In: Kartha KK (ed) Cryopreservation of plant cells and organs. CRC, Boca Raton, pp 243–257

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakai A, Kobayashi S, Oiyama I (1991) Cryopreservation of nucellar cells of navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osb.) by a simple freezing method. Plant Sci 74: 243–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spiegel-Roy P, Kochba J (1973) Stimulation of differentiation in orange (Citrus sinensis) ovular callus in relation to irradiation of the media. Radiat Bot 13: 97–103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spiegel-Roy P, Saad S, Neumann H (1978) Stimulation of embryogenesis in Citrus tissue culture by galactose. Naturwissenschaften 65: 261–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Starrantino A, Russo F (1980) Seedling from undeveloped ovules of ripe fruits of polyembryonic Citrus cultivars. HortScience 15 (3): 296–297

    Google Scholar 

  • Vardi A (1977) Isolation of protoplasts in Citrus. Proc Int Soc Citric 1977, 2: 575–578

    Google Scholar 

  • Vardi A (1981) Protoplast-derived plants from different Citrus species and cultivars. Proc Int Soc Citricult 1: 149–152

    Google Scholar 

  • Vardi A, Galun E (1989) Isolation and culture of Citrus protoplasts. In: Bajaj YPS (ed) Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, vol 8. Plant protoplasts and genetic engineering I. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 147–159

    Google Scholar 

  • Vardi A, Spiegel-Roy P, Galun E (1982) Plant regeneration from Citrus protoplasts: variability in methodological requirements among cultivars and species. Theor Appl Genet 62: 171–176

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vardi A, Hutchison DJ, Galun E (1986) A protoplast-to-tree system in Microcitrus based on protoplasts derived from a sustained embryogenic callus. Plant Cell Rep 5: 412–414

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vardi A, Bleichman S, Aviv D (1990) Genetic transformation of citrus protoplasts and regeneration of transgenic plants. Plant Sci 69: 199–206

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang D, Chang CJ (1978) Triploid citrus plantlet from endosperm culture. Sci Sin 21: 822–827.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. H. Kunitake

    Present address: Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Saga Prefectural Agricultural Research Center, 1088 Nanri, Kawasoe-cho, Saga-gun, Saga, 840-23, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Plant Cell Technology, Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Chiba 271, Japan

    H. Kunitake & M. Mii

Authors
  1. H. Kunitake
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Mii
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. A-137, New Friends Colony, 110065, New Delhi, India

    Y. P. S. Bajaj

  2. Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana, India

    Y. P. S. Bajaj

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kunitake, H., Mii, M. (1995). Somatic Embryogenesis in Citrus Species. In: Bajaj, Y.P.S. (eds) Somatic Embryogenesis and Synthetic Seed I. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 30. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03091-2_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03091-2_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-08183-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-03091-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation