Skip to main content

Auger Spectroscopy and Scanning Auger Microscopy

  • Chapter
Surface Analysis Methods in Materials Science

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Surface Sciences ((SSSUR,volume 23))

  • 766 Accesses

Abstract

Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) is a widely used technique for the analysis of surfaces, and it has application in many fields of materials science. AES is highly surface specific, and for most materials it is only sensitive to the top few monolayers. Minute amounts of material at the surface can be analyzed. Under the right conditions 10−3 of a monolayer [6.1], and in an Auger microscope as few as 104 atoms, with a spatial resolution of 20 nm can be detected [6.2]. The qualitative interpretation of AES spectra is straightforward for many materials, and all elements except for hydrogen and helium are detectable. Any radiation with sufficient energy to ionize an atomic core level will stimulate Auger electron emission, but, by convention, AES is normally understood to use an electron beam.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. L.A. Larson: MRS Symposia, Materials Characterization, Vol. 69 (1986) p. 129

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. H. Todokoro, Y. Sakitani, S. Fukuhara, Y. Okajima: J. Electron Microsc. 30, 107 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. L. Meitner: Z. Phys. 17, 54 (1923)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. P. Auger: Comptes Rendus 177, 169 (1923)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. D.A. Shirley: Phys. Rev. A 7, 1520 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. R. Hoogewijs, L. Fiermans, J. Vennik: Surf. Sci. 69, 273 (1977)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. R. Weissmann, K. Muller: Surf. Sci. Rep. 105, 251 (1981)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. L.E. Davis, N.C. MacDonald, P.W. Palmberg, G.E. Riach, R.E. Weber: Handbook of Auger Electron Spectroscopy (Physical Electronics, Eden Prairie, MN)

    Google Scholar 

  9. T. Sekine et al.: Handbook of Auger Electron Spectroscopy (JEOL Ltd. Tokyo, Japan)

    Google Scholar 

  10. P. Morgen, B. Jorgensen: Surf. Sci. 208, 306 (1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. P.J. Lurie, J.M. Wilson: Surf. Sci. 65, 476 (1977)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. T.W. Hass, J.T. Grant, G.J. Dooley III: J. Appl. Phys. 43, 1853 (1972)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Y. Mizokawa, T. Miyasato, S. Nakamura, K.M. Geib, C.W. Wilmsen: Surf. Sci. 182, 431 (1987)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. M.P. Seah, W.A. Dench: Surf. Int. Anal. 1, 2 (1979)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. E.N. Sickafus: Phys. Rev. B 16, 1436 (1977)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. J.A.D. Matthew, M. Prutton, M.M. El Gomati, D.C. Peacock: Surf. Int. Anal. 11, 173 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. E.N. Sickafus: Surf. Sci. 100, 529 (1980)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. C. Burrell, N.R. Armstrong: Appl. Surf. Sci. 17, 53 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. S. Ichimura, D. Ze-Jun, R. Shimizu: Surf. Int. Anal. 13, 149 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. C.C. Chang: Surf. Sci. 25, 53 (1971)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. M. Prutton, M.M. El Gomati: Surf. Int. Anal. 9, 99 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. C.G.H. Walker, D.C. Peacock, M. Prutton, M.M. El Gomati: Surf. Int. Anal. 11, 266 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. M.P. Seah: Surf. Int. Anal. 9, 85 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. P. Lejcek: Surf. Sci. 202, 493 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. J.T. Grant: Surf. Int. Anal. 14, 271 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. M.P. Seah: SEM 83, SEM Inc. AMF O’Hare, Chicago (1983) p. 521–536

    Google Scholar 

  27. T. Sekine, A. Mogami, M. Kudoh, K. Hirata: Vacuum 34, 631 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. P.H. Holloway: J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 7, 215 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. S. Ichimura, R. Shimizu: Surf. Sci. 112, 386 (1981)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. H.E. Bishop, B. Chomik, C. LeGressus, A. LeMoel: Surf. Int. Anal. 6, 116 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. F.E. Doern, L. Kover, N.S. McIntyre: Surf. Int. Anal. 6, 282 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. L.P. Erickson, B.F. Phillips: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 1, 158 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. H.H. Busta, C.H. Tang: J. Electrochem. Soc. 133, 1195 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. F. Marchetti, M. Dapor, S. Girardi, F. Giacomozzi, A. Cavalieri: Mater Sci. Eng. A 115, 217 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. R. Pantel, F.A. D’Avitaya: Thin Solid Films 140, 177 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. S.J. Pearton, A.B. Emerson, U.K. Chakrabarti, E. Lane, K.S. Jones, K.T. Short, A.E. White, T.R. Fullowan: J. Appl. Phys. 66, 3839 (1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. C.S. Wei, M. Setton, J. Van der Spiegel, J. Santiago: J. Appl. Phys. 61, 1429 (1987)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. W. Palmer: Appl. Phys. A 42, 219 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. B.M. Clemens: J. Non Cryst. Solids 61–62, 817 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. T.T. Huang, B. Peterson, D.A. Shores, E. Pender: Corrosion Science 24, 167 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. S. Mathieu: La Revue de Metallurgie, January 1989, p. 73

    Google Scholar 

  42. P.H. Holloway: Surf. Sci. 66, 479 (1977)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. T. Sekine, A. Mogami, J.D. Geller, SEM, SEM Inc. AMF O’Hare (1981) p. 245

    Google Scholar 

  44. R. Li, L. Tu, Y. Sun: Surf. Sci. 163, 67 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. J.M. Walls, I.K. Brown, D.D. Hall: Appl. Surf. Sci. 15, 93 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. I. Lhermitte-Sebire, M. LaHaye, R. Colmet, R. Naslain: Thin Solid Films 138, 209 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  47. J. F. Bresse: Surf. Sci. 168, 810 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. R. Browning, J.L. Smialek, N.S. Jacobson: Advanced Ceramic Materials 2, 773 (1987)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. M.H. Hochella, M.F. Turner, D.W. Harris: SEM II (1986) p. 337

    Google Scholar 

  50. T. Gold, E. Bilson, R.L. Baron: Proc. 5th Lunar Sci. Conf. (1975) p. 2413

    Google Scholar 

  51. T. Gold, E. Bilson, R.L. Baron: Proc. 6th Lunar Sci. Conf. (1975) p. 3285

    Google Scholar 

  52. J.W. Morse, A. Mucci, L.M. Walter, M.S. Kaminsky: Science 205, 904 (1979)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. A. Mucci, J.W. Morse, M.S. Kaminsky: Am. J. Sci. 285, 289 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. A. Mucci, J.W. Morse, M.S. Kaminsky: Am. J. Sci. 285, 306 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. J.F. Jongste, F.E. Prins, G.C.A.M. Janssen: Matt. Lett. 8, 273 (1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. M.G. Ransey, F.P. Netzer: Mat. Sci. Eng. B 2, 269 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. A. Roshko, Y.M. Chiang: J. Appl. Phys. 66, 3710 (1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. H.H. Madden, W.O. Wallace: Surf. Sci. 172, 641 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. R. Sherman: J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 68, C7 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. H.J. Grabke: ISIJ 29, 529 (1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. M. Militzer, J. Wieting: Acta Metall. 37, 2585 (1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. M. Takeyama, C.T. Liu: Acta Metall. 37, 2681 (1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. W.E. Wallace, S.G. Sankar, J.M. Elbiki, S.F. Cheng: Mat. Sci. Eng. B 3, 351 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. R. Hamminger, G. Grathwohl, F. Thummler: J. Mater. Sci. 18, 3154 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  65. D.C. Peacock: Appl. Surf. Sci. 26, 306 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. D.C. Peacock: Appl. Surf. Sci. 27, 58 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. P. Humbert, A. Mosser: Surf. Sci. 126, 708 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. J. Du Plessis, P.E. Vijoen, F. Bezuidenhout: Surf. Sci. 138, 26 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. J.G. Smeggil, A.W. Funkenbush, N.S. Bomstein: Metall. Trans. 17A, 923 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. J.L. Smialek, R. Browning: Proc. Symp. High Temp. Material Chemistry-III, Electrochem. Soc. (1986) p. 258

    Google Scholar 

  71. K.L. Luthra, C.L. Briant: Mater. Sci. Forum 43, 299 (1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. K. Sato, Y. Inoue: ISU 29, 246 (1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. M. Tornita, T. Tanabe, S. Imoto: Surf. Sci. 209, 173 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. G.C. Smith, M.P. Seah: Surf. Int. Anal. 12, 105 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. R. Browning: MRS Bull. 12, 75 (1987)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. M. Prutton, C.G.H. Walker, J.C. Greenwood, P.G. Kenny, J.C. Dee, I.R. Barkshire, R.H. Roberts: A third-generation Auger microscope using Parallel Multispectral Data Acquisition and Analysis, Sur. Int. Analy. 17, 71–84 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Browning, R. (1992). Auger Spectroscopy and Scanning Auger Microscopy. In: O’Connor, D.J., Sexton, B.A., Smart, R.S.C. (eds) Surface Analysis Methods in Materials Science. Springer Series in Surface Sciences, vol 23. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02767-7_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02767-7_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-02769-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-02767-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics