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Somaclonal Variation in Haworthia

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Somaclonal Variation in Crop Improvement I

Part of the book series: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry ((AGRICULTURE,volume 11))

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Abstract

Plants of the genus Haworthia belonging to the tribe Aloineae of the Liliaceae are distributed in Southeast Africa and Madagascar; they have bimodal chromosomes, namely large (L) and small (S) chromosomes (2n = 14; 8L + 6S, Sato 1942). The large chromosomes (L1 to L4) can be identified by their respective homologs, whereas the identification of the small individual chromosome (S1 to S3) is not possible with any certainty. This karyotype is widespread throughout the Aloineae, several of which are cultivated for medical use, and have consistent stability, suggesting that strong selection might be operating for the maintenance ofthis basic karyotype. However, plants with chromosomal anomalies such as aneuploids, chromosomal rearrangements including deletions, duplications, paracentric and pericentric inversions, interchanges, and meiotic anomalies, e.g., E-type bridges, subchromatid aberrations, and U-type exchange (Riley and Mukerjee 1962; Riley and Majumder 1966; Brandham 1969, 1970, 1976 ; Vig 1970) can be found in natural populations and they occasionally occupy a certain niche (Brandham 1976; Brandham and Johnson 1977), probably because Haworthia plants are outbreeding and can be propagated vegetatively. This accumulation of knowledge on chromosome variants of Haworthia provides the opportunity to investigate the nature of chromosomal variations of plants regenerated from cultures and found in nature.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Cytogenetics. Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Nakamura-cho 2-120-3, Minami-ku. Yokohama 232, Japan

    Y. Ogihara

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  1. Y. Ogihara
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  1. A-137 New Friends Colony, New Delhi, 110065, India

    Y. P. S. Bajaj

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Ogihara, Y. (1990). Somaclonal Variation in Haworthia . In: Bajaj, Y.P.S. (eds) Somaclonal Variation in Crop Improvement I. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 11. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02636-6_26

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02636-6_26

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-08077-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-02636-6

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