Summary
Morphological and cytochemical properties of the neuron and the complexity of interneuronal connections are discussed on the basis of light and electron microscopic data mainly derived from the vertebrate and invertebrate nervous system. The fine structure of synapses and its correlation with functional aspects is given special attention. Fundamental concepts such as the quantal release of transmitters and the contrasting organization of electrical vs. chemical, as well as excitatory and inhibitory synapses are examined from the structural point of view. The presence of synaptopores in the presynaptic vesicular grid of axonal endings is described.
Zusammenfassung
Anhand von licht- und elektronenmikroskopischen Befunden wird ein Bild über morphologische Besonderheiten und cytochemische Eigenschaften der Nervenzelle sowie über die Komplexität der Verbindungsnetze und Kontaktstellen vermittelt. Besondere Berücksichtigung erfährt die Feinstruktur der Synapse und deren Korrelation mit physiologischen Gegebenheiten. Fundamentale Konzeptionen, wie z.B. quantenhafte Freisetzung von Transmittoren, Gegenüberstellung elektrischer und chemischer bzw. exzitatorischer und inhibitorischer Kontaktstellen werden aus morphologischer Sicht überprüft. Die Entdeckung von Synaptoporen im präsynaptischen Bläschengitter von Axonendigungen wird erwähnt.
Vortrag auf der 106. Versammlung deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte, Düsseldorf 1970.
Mit Unterstützung des Schweizerischen Nationalfonds für wissenschaftliche Forschung.
Meinen Mitarbeitern K. Pfenninger, C. Sandri und E. Kawana sowie meinem Kollegen Prof. H. Moor (Institut für allgemeine Botanik der Eidgenössischen Technischen Hochschule in Zürich) möchte ich für Ihre begeisterte Mithilfe an diesem Forschungsprojekt bestens danken.
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Akert, K. (1970). Struktur und Ultrastruktur von Nervenzellen und Synapsen. In: Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte. Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte, vol 106. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01346-5_11
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