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Organic Bases

  • Chapter
Thin-Layer Chromatography

Abstract

Most alkaloids are medium-strong bases occurring in plants. They are markedly lipophilic in the free base form and thus they can usually be extracted from an alkaline aqueous phase with ether, chloroform, etc. The alkaloids may be separated by paper chromatography as salts using acidic solvent systems. Separation of the free bases has only been possible since the introduction of formamide impregnated paper. It has been shown that the many separations described for formamide impregnated paper can be carried out also by chromatography on Silica Gel G or Alumina G layers. The Alumina G layers are basic, and neutral solvents, such as chloroform, are usually used. Silica Gel G is weakly acidic and alkaloids are retained more strongly according to their basicity and dissociation constants. This can easily be changed, however, by preparing basic Silica Gel G layers (p. 37), or by adding a strong base, e.g. diethylamine, to the developing solvent.

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Authors
  1. D. Waldi
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Pharmacognosy, University of the Saar, Stadtwald, Saarbrücken 15, Germany

    Egon Stahl

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Waldi, D. (1965). Organic Bases. In: Stahl, E. (eds) Thin-Layer Chromatography. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01031-0_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01031-0_14

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