Abstract
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are based on diols called necines which are esterified at one or both hydroxyl groups with a number of different acids, mostly dicarboxylic acids known as necic acids. Some examples of necines and necic acids are shown in Fig. 12-1. Structural variation among the necines is slight. Only about a dozen are known, and they differ from one another mostly in stereochemistry or degree of hydrogenation. Most of the necic acids have 10 carbon atoms arranged as follows: The acids of Crotolaria spp. differ in having only 6 or 8 carbon atoms, and a few other exceptions are known [1].
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Robinson, T. (1968). Some Miscellaneous Alkaloids. In: The Biochemistry of Alkaloids. Molecular Biology Biochemistry and Biophysics / Molekularbiologie Biochemie und Biophysik, vol 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01015-0_12
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