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Europawahlen 2014

Die Wahl euroskeptischer Parteien im Schatten der Wirtschaftskrise

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Parteien und die Politisierung der Europäischen Union

Part of the book series: Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft ((VGPO))

Zusammenfassung

Euroskeptische Parteien sind ein wesentlicher Faktor für die Politisierung der Europäischen Union. Diese haben das Thema Europäische Integration aufgegriffen, um ihre Wahlchancen zu erhöhen. Gleichzeitig gelang es ihnen, die neu entstandene politische Konfliktlinie für sich zu mobilisieren. Nicht zuletzt aus diesen Gründen erhalten euroskeptische Parteien bei nationalen, aber insbesondere auch bei Europawahlen immer höhere Stimmenanteile. Den bisherigen Höhepunkt stellt die Wahl 2014 dar: Nie zuvor in der Geschichte der Europawahlen haben sich so viele Menschen entschieden, einer euroskeptischen Partei ihre Stimme zu geben. Neben der Tatsache, dass das Interesse der Bürger an diesen Parteien generell im Laufe der Europäischen Integration gestiegen ist, kann auch die Finanz- bzw. Eurokrise als eine Erklärung für diesen Anstieg herangezogen werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund beschäftigen wir uns in dem vorliegenden Beitrag mit der Entscheidung der Wähler für euroskeptische Parteien im Schatten der Wirtschaftskrise. Wir verwenden Daten der Europawahlstudie 2014 und untersuchen die verschiedenen Mechanismen der Krise und deren Auswirkungen auf die Wahlentscheidung der Bürger für euroskeptische Parteien. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass auch die Wirtschaftskrise dazu beitrug, dass sich die Bürger bei der Europawahl 2014 für euroskeptische Parteien entschieden.

Abstract

Eurosceptic parties are often described as a trigger for the politicization of the European Union. Most representatives of this party family used the European Integration issue in order to increase their vote share in elections. They thus seized the opportunity to mobilize the new conflict over Europe. This is certainly one reason why Eurosceptic parties gain more and more votes not only in national elections, but in particular in political contests at the European level of governance. More voters than ever before in the history of elections to the European Parliament casted their ballot for a Eurosceptic party in 2014. Beside the fact that public interest for these parties increased continuously in the course of European Integration, the financial or euro crisis are assumed to be responsible for this strong Eurosceptic vote. Against this background, the present contribution studies voters’ decisions to cast their ballot for Eurosceptic parties in the shadow of the economic crisis. Findings to the question whether the economic crisis has an impact on voting decisions stem mainly from case studies. In contrast, this study offers a cross-national set-up together with a broad understanding of the crisis phenomenon. Using data from the European Election Study 2014, our findings show that the crisis indeed determines to some degree the voting decision for a Eurosceptic party.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Geschwister-Scholl-Institut für Politikwissenschaft, München, Deutschland

    Daniela Braun

  2. FernUniversität in Hagen, Fakultät KSW, Hagen, Deutschland

    Markus Tausendpfund

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  1. Daniela Braun
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Correspondence to Daniela Braun .

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  1. Universität Leipzig , Leipzig, Germany

    Lisa H. Anders

  2. Deutsches Institut für Urbanistik , Berlin, Germany

    Henrik Scheller

  3. Potsdam, Germany

    Thomas Tuntschew

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Braun, D., Tausendpfund, M. (2018). Europawahlen 2014. In: Anders, L., Scheller, H., Tuntschew, T. (eds) Parteien und die Politisierung der Europäischen Union. Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-19283-9_3

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