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Krank durch beidseitige Fremdheitserfahrung? Zur Rolle von Stressoren und Einstellungen für die Gesundheit von Einheimischen und Geflüchteten

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Zusammenfassung

Vor dem Hintergrund der laufenden Migrationsdebatte in Deutschland vermittelt das vorliegende Kapitel einen theoretischen und empirischen Überblick zu ausgewählten Determinanten von Gesundheit und Wohlbefinden bei Geflüchteten und Einheimischen. Im Fokus steht die Bedeutung von gruppenbezogenen Einstellungen für die psychische Gesundheit, wenn andere Menschen als fremd wahrgenommen werden. Als Ausgangspunkt wird erläutert, welche Faktoren die Einstellungen der einheimischen Bevölkerung gegenüber geflüchteten Menschen prägen und wodurch diese Einstellungen verstärkt bzw. abgeschwächt werden. Der folgende Abschnitt liefert Antworten auf die Fragen, mit welchen Stressoren Menschen im Rahmen einer Flucht konfrontiert sind und in welcher Form sich diese Stressoren auf die Gesundheit der Betroffenen auswirken können. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf der Rolle von ablehnenden Einstellungen der aufnehmenden Gesellschaft gegenüber Geflüchteten. Ergänzend wird betrachtet, welche Ressourcen Geflüchteten helfen können, die Negativeffekte dieser Stressoren abzupuffern. Eine Kombination aus multiplen Stressoren und geringen Ressourcen erhöht das Risiko für Geflüchtete deutlich, eine psychische Störung zu entwickeln. Abschließend werden aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse vorgestellt, die aufzeigen, wie Einstellungen gegenüber Geflüchteten im Sinne empfundener Bedrohung auch Erleben und Gesundheit von Einheimischen beeinflussen können.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General Administration, Berlin School of Economics and Law, Berlin, Deutschland

    Tobias Ringeisen

  2. Ariel University, Ariel, Israel

    Michal Mahat Shamir, Menachem Ben-Ezra & Yaira Hamama-Raz

  3. University of Applied Sciences Anhalt, Bernburg, Deutschland

    Saskia Schubert

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  1. Tobias Ringeisen
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  2. Michal Mahat Shamir
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  4. Yaira Hamama-Raz
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  5. Saskia Schubert
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Correspondence to Tobias Ringeisen .

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  1. Fakultät für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Hochschule Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany

    Petia Genkova

  2. Fakultät für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Hochschule Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany

    Andrea Riecken

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Ringeisen, T., Shamir, M.M., Ben-Ezra, M., Hamama-Raz, Y., Schubert, S. (2020). Krank durch beidseitige Fremdheitserfahrung? Zur Rolle von Stressoren und Einstellungen für die Gesundheit von Einheimischen und Geflüchteten. In: Genkova, P., Riecken, A. (eds) Handbuch Migration und Erfolg. Springer, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-18236-6_5

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