Zusammenfassung
Fürsorgepraktiken für kleine Kinder werden häufig mit potentiellen, zukünftigen Risiken begründet. In diesem Kapitel wird diskutiert, wie gegenwärtige Risikodiskurse die frühe Kindheit prägen und wie sie das Alltagsleben von Kindern und Eltern beeinflussen. Hierfür werden Praktiken des Essens in Kindergärten als empirisches Beispiel gewählt und eine textanalytische Untersuchung von Richtlinien für Mahlzeiten in Norwegischen Kindergärten vorgenommen. Als Datenmaterial dienen politische Dokumente auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen. Die Analyse dieser Dokumente zeigt, dass Praktiken des Essens im Kindergarten diskursiv vorrangig als „Ernährung“ und „Gesundheit“ repräsentiert sind, während auf soziale, relationale, kulturelle, psychologische und symbolische Aspekte des Essens kaum Bezug genommen wird. Damit dominieren Gesundheits-, pädagogische und biopolitische Diskurse, wenn das Essen von kleinen Kindern thematisiert wird. Durch die intersektionale Perspektive in der Analyse wird zudem deutlich, dass Risikodiskurse in einer kulturell komplexen, klassengeteilten Gesellschaft zur Kontrolle und Normalisierung von Elternpraktiken beitragen, was im vorliegenden Beispiel insbesondere für Mütter aus ethnischen Minderheiten gilt.
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Ulvik, O.S. (2018). Risikodiskurse in der frühen Kindheit. In: Kleeberg-Niepage, A., Rademacher, S. (eds) Kindheits- und Jugendforschung in der Kritik. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17090-5_6
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