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Self-Leadership

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Self-Leadership und Führung

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Zusammenfassung

Allgemein definiert sich Self-Leadership als selbstbeeinflussender Prozess zur Steigerung der persönlichen Effektivität (Influencing Oneself, Neck und Manz 2010, S. 4). Self-Leadership bezieht sich demnach nicht direkt auf die Führung von anderen Personen. Es ist grundlegender: Möchten Personen erfolgreiche Führungskräfte werden, dann müssen sie sich zunächst selbst effektiv beeinflussen und führen. Effektive Führung beginnt bei effektiver Selbstführung. Um andere Personen effektiv zu beeinflussen, muss eine Führungskraft zunächst lernen, sich selbst effektiv zu beeinflussen und zu führen. Für Peter F. Drucker – den großen Management-Vordenker und Visionär des 20. Jahrhunderts – ist Self-Leadership das Erfolgsgeheimnis vieler historischer Größen, wie beispielsweise Napoleon, Leonardo da Vinci oder Mozart. Auf Basis effektiver selbstbeeinflussender Strategien konnten diese ihre Stärken erkennen, nutzen und zugleich ihre Schwächen eliminieren. Um erfolgreich zu sein, benötigt sowohl die Führungskraft als auch der Wissensarbeiter des 21. Jahrhunderts effektive selbstbeeinflussende Strategien (= Self-Leadership). Drucker (1999) geht davon aus, dass sich eine Person ihrer eigenen Stärken und Schwächen bewusst werden muss. Generell verfügen Menschen über relativ gute Fähigkeiten, ihre Außenwelt zu beobachten und kritisch zu analysieren. Die Fokussierung auf die äußere Umwelt ist eine Fähigkeit, welche bereits in der Kindheit erlernt und vermittelt wird. Die intensive Auseinandersetzung mit den persönlichen Stärken und Schwächen und die Beobachtung der inneren (psychischen) Prozesse werden hingegen häufig vernachlässigt. Ferner wird nicht vermittelt, wie sich Personen selbst effektiv in eine gewünschte Richtung beeinflussen können. Wissen ist Macht. Macht wiederum bedeutet Kontrolle. Erlangt eine Person bewusste Erkenntnis über ihre inneren Prozesse und Abläufe (z. B. Wünsche, Gedanken, Ziele), dann ist dies der erste Schritt zur effektiven Selbstbeeinflussung. Self-Leadership ist eine Fähigkeit, welche erlernt und entwickelt werden kann (vgl. Furtner und Sachse 2011; Lucke und Furtner 2015; Müller und Wiese 2010). Eignen sich Personen ausgeprägte Fähigkeiten zur Selbstführung an, dann zeigen sich unmittelbar positive Auswirkungen auf den persönlichen Erfolg und die Leistungsfähigkeit. Self-Leadership ist eines der wenigen Konzepte in der Psychologie und den Wirtschaftswissenschaften, welches praktische Hinweise gibt, wie Personen sich tatsächlich effektiver selbst beeinflussen und führen können.

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  1. Institut für Psychologie, Universität Innsbruck, 52 Innrain, 6020, Innsbruck, Ӧsterreich

    Marco Furtner

  2. Institut für Entrepreneurship, Universität Liechtenstein, Vaduz, Liechtenstein

    Urs Baldegger

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Furtner, M., Baldegger, U. (2016). Self-Leadership. In: Self-Leadership und Führung. Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-13045-9_3

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