Abstract
In this study, we use data of the German Mikrozensus to explore first and second birth behavior of migrants’ descendants. Whereas prior waves of the Mikrozensus only included respondents’ citizenship, in the survey years 2005 and 2009 also parental citizenship has been surveyed. This allows us to identify respondents’ migrant backgrounds, even if they have German citizenship. We distinguish those who migrated as children (1.5 generation) from those who were born to Turkish parents in Germany (second generation migrants). We compare both migrant generations to German non-migrants. Using discrete-time hazard models, our results show that 1.5 generation migrants have the highest probability of having a first and second birth, while German non-migrants have the lowest birth probabilities. The second generation lies in-between. This pattern also persists after taking the educational attainment of respondents into consideration. However, there seems to be an adaptation of highly educated second generation Turkish migrants to non-migrant Germans: we find no significant differences in the probability of having a first birth in the two groups. For second births, we do not find this pattern which might be related to the young age structure in the sample of second generation migrants.
Zusammenfassung
In der vorliegenden Studie analysieren wir auf Basis des Mikrozensus das Erst- und Zweitgeburtsverhalten der Nachkommen türkischer Migrant innen in Deutschland. In früheren Wellen des Mikrozensus wurde zur Identifikation des Migrationshintergrundes lediglich die Staatsbürgerschaft erfragt. Die Mikrozensuswellen 2005 und 2009 geben nun erstmals Auskunft darüber, welche Staatsbürgerschaft die Eltern der Befragten haben, sodass sich Nachfahren von Migranten auch identifizieren lassen nachdem sie die deutsche Staatsbürgerschaft angenommen haben. In der Analyse unterscheiden wir zwischen türkischen Migrant innen, die im Kindesalter migrierten (1,5te Generation), und jenen, die von türkischen Eltern in Deutschland geboren wurden (zweite Migrantengeneration). Beide Gruppen werden Frauen in Deutschland ohne Migrationshintergrund gegenübergestellt. Ergebnisse eines diskrete n Hazardmodell s zeig en, dass die 1,5te Migrantengeneration die höchste und Nicht-Migrant innen die niedrigste Wahrscheinlichkeit aufweisen, ein erstes oder zweites Kind zu bekommen. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Geburt in der zweiten Migrantengeneration liegt zwischen denen der anderen beiden Gruppen. Auch nach Kontrolle für das Bildungsniveau der Frau bleiben diese Muster bestehen. Allerdings scheint eine Anpassung hochgebildeter Migrant innen der zweiten Generation an das Verhalten von Nicht-Migranten stattzufinden: Zwischen beiden Gruppen sind unter den hochgebildeten Frauen keine signifikanten Unterschiede in der Erstgeburtswahrscheinlichkeit zu finden. Beim Übergang zur zweiten Geburt ist dieser Effekt eines hohen Bildungsstands weniger stark ausgeprägt.
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Krapf, S., Wolf, K. (2016). Persisting Differences or Adaptation to German Fertility Patterns? First and Second Birth Behavior of the 1.5 and Second Generation Turkish Migrants in Germany. In: Hank, K., Kreyenfeld, M. (eds) Social Demography Forschung an der Schnittstelle von Soziologie und Demografie. Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-11490-9_7
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