Skip to main content

Reconsidering coalition theory: A set theoretical assessment of government formation in Liechtenstein and Malta

  • Chapter
  • 767 Accesses

Abstract

This article clarifies characteristics of the political decision-making system in Liechtenstein and Malta. Particularly, we focus on two government forms, one of which aims at securing consensus and the other at competition, while building upon a coalition theory perspective. Coalition theory as a research tradition within comparative politics provides an explanation of government formation based on individual political parties’ motivations. However, grasping different government forms from this perspective is difficult, because it features a theoretical framework for consensual governments that poses the research question of why political parties do or do not seek to form government with a simple majority. This is the question of oversized coalitions and its various models that take into account structural as well as institutional factors.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Bibliography

Magazine articles

  • Fritz, G. (1997a). VU lädt FBPL zu Koalitionsverhandlungen ein. Liechtensteiner Vaterland, 4 February 1997, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fritz, G. (1997c). Koalitionsangebot an die FBPL bekräftigt. Liechtensteiner Vaterland, 25 February 1997, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fritz, G. (1997d). “Rote Karte” hat der FBPL massiv geschadet. Liechtensteiner Vaterland, 1 March 1997, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fritz, G. (2001). VU-Landesvorstand für konstruktive Zusammenarbeit ohne Regierungsbeteiligung. Liechtensteiner Vaterland, 21 March 2001, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liechtensteiner Vaterland (1978a). Gespräch mit Liechtensteins künftigem Regierungschef Hans Brunhart. 9 February 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liechtensteiner Vaterland (1978b). Koalitionsangebot an die FBP. 16 February 1978. Liechtensteiner Vaterland (1978c). Tür zur Koalition noch offen - VU jedoch auch zu Alleinregierung bereit. 18 April 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liechtensteiner Vaterland (1978d). Die Koalitionspapiere sind unterzeichnet. 25 April 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (1978a). Ein Interview mit FBP-Präsident Dr. Peter Marxer. 9 March 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (1978b). Noch kein Ergebnis, ein Interview mit FBP-Präsident Dr. Peter Marxer. 29 March 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (1978c). Konkrete Lösung in Sicht ! 29 March 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schädler, P. (1997b). FBPL noch unschlüssig. Liechtensteiner Vaterland, 13 February 1997, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • The Times (1982). N. P. Leader stresses solution must be found. 5 February 1982.

    Google Scholar 

Literature

  • Axelrod, R. (1970). Conflict of interest. A theory of divergent goals with applications to politics. Chicago, IL: Markham Publishing Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Batliner, G. (1981). Zur heutigen Lage des liechtensteinischen Parlaments. Vaduz: Verlag der Liechtensteinischen Akademischen Gesellschaft.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blais, A., & Carty, R. (1987). The impact of electoral formulae on the creation of majority governments. Electoral Studies 6, 209–218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brunhart, A., Kellermann, K., & Schlag, C.-H. (2012). Drei Phasen des Potentialwachstums in Liechtenstein. KOFL Working papers 11, 1–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bäck, H., & Dumont, P. (2007). Combining large-n and small-n strategies. West European Politics 30, 467–501.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bulmer, W. (2014). Constrained majoritarianism. Commonwealth & Comparative Politics 52, 232–253.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cini, M. (2002). A Divided Nation. South European Society and Politics 7, 6–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collier, D., & Levitsky, S. (2009). Conceptual Hierarchies in Comparative Research. In D. Collier, & J. Gerring (eds.), Concepts and Method in Social Science. The Tradition of Giovanni Sartori. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Craig, J. (1982). Malta. West European Politics 5, 318–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Swann, A. (1973). Coalition Theories and Cabinet Formations. A Study of Formal Theories of Coalition Formation Applied to Nine European Parliaments after 1918. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duverger, M. (1959). Political Parties. Their Organization and Activity in a Modern State. 2nd ed. London: Methuen and New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frendo, H. (1974). Party Politics in a Fortress Colony. The Maltese Experience. Valletta: Midsea Books Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher, M., Laver, M., & Mair, P. (2005). Representative Governance in Modern Europe. Institutions, Parties, and Governments. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geser, H. (1991). Kleine Sozialsysteme. In H. Michalsky (ed.), Politischer Wandel in konkordanzdemokratischen Systemen (pp. 93 – 120). Vaduz: Verlag der Liechtensteinischen Akademischen Gesellschaft.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goertz, G., & Mahoney, J. (2012). A Tale of Two Cultures. Qualitative and Quantitative Research in the Social Sciences. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirczy, W. (1995). Explaining near-universal turnout. European Journal of Political Research 27, 255–272.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hirczy, W., & Lane, J.-C. (1999). Malta. STV in a two-party system. http://www.um.edu.mt/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/179912/2pty.pdf. Accessed: December 31, 2014.

  • Junger, A.-C. (2002). A Case of a Surplus Majority Government. Scandinavian Political Studies 25, 57–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kropp, S., & Sturm, R. (1998). Koalitionen und Koalitionsvereinbarungen. Theorie, Analyse und Dokumentation. Opladen: Leske + Budrich.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Lakeman, E. (1982). Malta - continued. Representation 22, 3–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lane, J.-C. (1998). Are Maltese Party Loyalties Waning? Bank of Valletta Review 10, 52–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lijphart, A. (2012). Patterns of Democracy. Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-Six Countries. 2nd ed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luebbert, G. (1986). Comparative Democracy. Policymaking and Governing Coalitions in Europe and Israel. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marxer, W. (2001). Wahlverhalten und Wahlmotive im Fürstentum Liechtenstein. Vaduz: Verlag der Liechtensteinischen Akademischen Gesellschaft.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marxer, W. (2006). Das Parteiensystem Liechtenstein. In O. Niedermayer, R. Stöss & M. Haas (eds.), Die Parteiensysteme Westeuropas (pp. 299 – 320). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marxer, W., & Pállinger, Z. T. (2006). Direkte Demokratie in der Schweiz und in Liechtenstein - Systemkontexte und Effekte. Beiträge Liechtenstein-Institut Nr. 36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mizzi, E. (1995). Malta in the Making, 1962 – 1987. An eyewitness account. Self-published.

    Google Scholar 

  • Müller, W., & Strøm, K. (1999). Policy, Office or Votes? How Political Parties in Western Europe Make Hard Decisions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Nyblade, B. (2013). Government Formation in Parliamentary Democracies. In W. Müller & H. Narud (eds.), Party Governance and Party Democracy (pp. 13 – 31). New York, NY: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ragin, C. (2009a). Redesigning Social Inquiry. Fuzzy Sets and Beyond. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ragin, C. (2009b). Qualitative Comparative Analysis Using Fuzzy Sets (fsQCA). In B. Rihoux, & C. Ragin (eds.), Configurational comparative methods (pp. 87 – 122). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riker, W. (1962). The Theory of Political Coalitions. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rohlfing, I. (2012). Case Studies and Causal Inference. An Integrative Framework. Basing stoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Sartori, G. (1976). Parties and Party Systems. A Framework for Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schofield, N. (1993). Political competition and multiparty coalition governments. European Journal of Political Research 23, 1–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, C., & Wagemann, C. (2012). Set-Theoretic Methods for the Social Sciences. A guide to qualitative comparative analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, C., & Rohlfing, I. (2014). Case Studies Nested in Fuzzy-set QCA on Sufficiency. Sociological Methods & Research. doi:10.1177/0049124114532446. Accessed: December 31, 201–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seki, K. & Williams, L. (2014). Updating the Party Government data set. Electoral Studies 34, 270–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Serritzlew, S., Skjæveland, A., & Blom-Hansen, J. (2008). Explaining Oversized Coalitions. Journal of Legislative Studies 14, 421–450.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skaaning, S.-E. (2011). Assessing the Robustness of Crisp-Set and Fuzzy-Set QCA. Sociological Methods & Research 40, 391–408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsebelis, G. (2002). Veto players. How Political Institutions Work. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Volden, C., & Carrubba, C. (2004). The Formation of Oversized Coalitions in Parliamentary Democracies. American Journal of Political Science 48, 521–537.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Volkens, A., Bara, J., Budge, I., McDonald, M., & Klingemann, H.-D. (2013). Mapping Policy Preference from Texts III. Statistical Solutions for Manifesto Analysts. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf, S. (2013). Elemente einer makropolitischen Theorie des Kleinstaats. Arbeitspapiere Liechtenstein-Institut No. 42. doi:10.13091/li-ap-42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamasaki, S., & Rihoux, B. (2009). A Commented Review of Applications. In B. Rihoux & C. Ragin (eds.), Configurational comparative methods (pp. 123 – 146). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Niikawa, S., Corcaci, A. (2016). Reconsidering coalition theory: A set theoretical assessment of government formation in Liechtenstein and Malta. In: Wolf, S. (eds) State Size Matters. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-07725-9_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-07725-9_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer VS, Wiesbaden

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-658-07724-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-658-07725-9

  • eBook Packages: Social Science and Law (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics