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Behavioral Economics pp 197–253Cite as

Der Schwache Mensch: Zinsen, Diäten und Sucht

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Zusammenfassung

Dieses Kapitel erläutert zuerst die klassische ökonomische Theorie zum Umgang der Menschen mit Zeit auf und diskutiert die Kritik daran. Anschließend werden alternative Modellierungsansätze zum Umgang mit Zeit (u.a. hyperbolisches Diskontieren) vorgestellt; weiterhin werden verschiedene empirische Befunde zu menschlichem Umgang mit Zeit diskutiert, die mit der klassischen Theorie nicht unmittelbar vereinbar sind.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Die hier vorgestellten Methoden finden Sie in jedem Buch zur Finanzmathematik, eine gute Einführung ist beispielsweise (Wüst 2006).

  2. 2.

    Technisch gesehen bedeutet das, dass die Nutzenfunktion der Menschen konkav ist (vgl.dazu Kasten 12). Je mehr man von einem Produkt konsumiert, umso geringer wird der zusätzliche Nutzen aus einer weiteren konsumierten Einheit – deswegen lohnt es sich, den Konsum zeitlich zu strecken.

  3. 3.

    Diesen Faktor erhält man, wenn man den Diskontfaktor für das Jahr n + 1 durch den Diskontfaktor für das Jahr n teilt. In Tab. 4.2 beispielsweise ergibt 0,7513 (der Diskontfaktor für n = 3 Jahre) dividiert durch 0,8264 (der Diskontfaktor für n = 2 Jahre) rund 0,9091; dividiert man 0,8264 durch 0,9091 (der Diskontfaktor für n = 1 Jahr), so erhält man auch 0,9091 (sieht man von Rundungsfehlern ab).

  4. 4.

    Das erkennen wir mit Hilfe von Gleichung 4.10: V0 ist 15; Vn ist 60, die Zinszahlung erfolgt nach einem Jahr, dann erfüllt der Zins von 140 % (gerundet) die Gleichung 15 = 60 ⋅ e−1,4⋅1. In dieser Form sind alle die heir verwendeten Zinssätze berechnet worden.

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  1. Hochschule Pforzheim, Pforzheim, Baden-Württemberg, Deutschland

    Hanno Beck

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Beck, H. (2014). Der Schwache Mensch: Zinsen, Diäten und Sucht. In: Behavioral Economics. Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03367-5_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03367-5_4

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