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Das Scheitern des „Global War on Terrorism“. Makro- Versicherheitlichung des internationalen Terrorismus in den USA und Deutschland aus soziopragmatischer Perspektive

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Zusammenfassung

Die nach dem 11. September propagierte US-Kampagne des „Global War on Terrorism“ (GWoT) wurde mit dem deutschen und französischen „Nein“ zum Irak-Krieg 2003 schwer beschädigt, obwohl sich beide Staaten zuvor an der gemeinsamen Afghanistan-Intervention beteiligt hatten. Aus Perspektive von Versicherheitlichungsforschern stellt sich daher die Frage, wie die Konstruktion des internationalen Terrorismus als globale Bedrohung zu höchst unterschiedlichen Reaktionen in unterschiedlichen Länderkontexten führen konnte. In vorliegendem Beitrag wird durch die soziopragmatische Analyse sogenannter „Repertoires“ – also soziokulturell bedingter Interpretations- und Argumentationsschemata – untersucht, wie das Phänomen des internationalen Terrorismus zwischen 2001 und 2003 im US-amerikanischen und deutschen Kontext wahrgenommen wurde. Die empirische Analyse sprachlicher Äußerungen der Hauptakteure des GWoT zeigt, dass in den USA und Deutschland konfligierende Repertoires letztendlich zu gegensätzlichen Auffassungen über außergewöhnliche Anti-Terror-Maßnahmen führten.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Dieser Begriff wird im Folgenden mit „Makro-Versicherheitlichung“ übersetzt.

  2. 2.

    Siehe Bueger und Stockbruegger (2013), Buzan und Wæver (2009), Coşkun (2012), Hansen (2011), Methmann und Rothe (2012), Stritzel (2011b, S. 350), und Vuori (2010).

  3. 3.

    Vergleiche Balzacq (2005, 2008, 2011), Floyd (2010), Hansen (2006), Hansen und Nissenbaum (2009), Huysmans (1998), McSweeny (1996), Roe (2008), Salter (2008a, b), Stritzel (2007, 2011a, b, 2012) und Vuori (2008).

  4. 4.

    Für die vorliegende Untersuchung werden im Falle des GWoT die militärischen Interventionen in Afghanistan und Irak als außergewöhnliche Maßnahmen verstanden, die in der Folge der Bedrohungskonstruktion des GWoT verabschiedet wurden (Buzan und Wæver 2009; Fawn 2003).

  5. 5.

    Für den US-amerikanischen Kontext wurden Interviews ausgewählt, die von CNN, NBC und BBC USA ausgestrahlt und transkribiert wurden; Interviews von Deutschlandfunk, Leipziger Volkszeitung, SPIEGEL und ZDF bezogen sich auf den deutschen Kontext. Sämtliche Quellenangaben zu den Interviews finden sich im Literaturverzeichnis.

  6. 6.

    Textexzerpt aus Powell (2003).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Politikwissenschaft, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85577, Neubiberg, Deutschland

    Philipp Klüfers M.A.

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Correspondence to Philipp Klüfers M.A. .

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  1. Neubiberg, Germany

    Susanne Fischer

  2. Institut für Politikwissenschaft, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Neubiberg, Germany

    Carlo Masala

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Klüfers, P. (2016). Das Scheitern des „Global War on Terrorism“. Makro- Versicherheitlichung des internationalen Terrorismus in den USA und Deutschland aus soziopragmatischer Perspektive. In: Fischer, S., Masala, C. (eds) Innere Sicherheit nach 9/11. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-02638-7_12

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