Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy pp 5–30Cite as

Atomic Structure

  • Chapter

  • 711 Accesses

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics ((SSAOPP,volume 6))

Abstract

In this chapter a brief description of the energy-level structure of atomic systems will be given. This will not include a rigorous quantum-mechanical treatment, but will deal with more qualitative aspects. The atomic structures that are explored with the spectroscopic techniques discussed in this text will be described. For a more complete treatment the reader is referred to standard textbooks on atomic physics and quantum mechanics [2.1–2.22].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. H. Haken, H.C. Wolf: The Physics of Atoms and Quanta, 5th edn. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1996)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. B. Cagnac, J.C. Pebay-Peyroula: Modern Atomic Physics: I Fundamental Principles, II Quantum Theory and its Applications (Wiley, New York 1975)

    Google Scholar 

  3. H.G. Kuhn: Atomic Spectra, 2nd edn. (Longmans, London 1969)

    Google Scholar 

  4. H.E. White: Introduction to Atomic Spectroscopy (McGraw-Hill, London 1934)

    Google Scholar 

  5. B.W. Shore, D.H. Menzel: Principles of Atomic Spectra (Wiley, New York 1968)

    Google Scholar 

  6. G.K. Woodgate: Elementary Atomic Structure (Oxford University Press, Oxford 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  7. M. Weissbluth: Atoms and Molecules (Academic Press, New York 1978)

    Google Scholar 

  8. J.C. Wilmott: Atomic Physics (Wiley, Chichester 1984)

    Google Scholar 

  9. E.U. Condon, G.H. Shortley: The Theory of Atomic Spectra (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1964)

    Google Scholar 

  10. E.U. Condon, H. Odabasi: Atomic Stricture (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1980)

    Google Scholar 

  11. I.I. Sobelman: Atomic Spectra and Radiative Transitions, 2nd edn., Springer Ser. Atoms and Plasmas, Vol. 12 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1996)

    Google Scholar 

  12. G. Herzberg: Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure (Dover, New York 1944)

    Google Scholar 

  13. R.D. Cowan: The Theory of Atomic Structure and Spectra (University of California Press, Berkeley 1981)

    Google Scholar 

  14. H.A. Bethe, E.E. Salpeter: Quantum Mechanics of One-and Two-Electron Atoms (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1957; Plenum/Rosetta, New York 1977)

    Google Scholar 

  15. C. Cohen-Tannoudji, B. Diu, F. Laloe: Quantum Mechanics, Vols. 1 and 2 (Wiley, New York 1977)

    Google Scholar 

  16. L.I. Schiff: Quantum Mechanics (McGraw-Hill, New York 1968)

    Google Scholar 

  17. A. Messiah: Quantum Mechanics (Wiley, New York 1962)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. E. Merzbacher: Quantum Mechanics, 2nd edn. (Wiley, Orlando, FL 1970)

    Google Scholar 

  19. W. Greiner: Quantum Mechanics - An Introduction, 3rd edn. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1994)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. F. Schwabl: Quantum Mechanics, 2nd edn. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1995).

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Z.B. Rudzikas: Theoretical Atomic Spectroscopy (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1997)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  22. V.P. Shevelko: Atoms and Their Spectroscopic Properties, Springer Ser. Atoms and Plasmas, Vol. 18 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1996)

    Google Scholar 

  23. D Effects in Atomic Systems, Phys. Scripta T46, (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  24. V.W. Hughes: High-precision spectroscopy of positronium and muonium. Adv. Quantum Chem. 30, 99 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. C.E. Moore: Atomic Energy Levels as Derived from Optical Spectra, Circular 467, National Bureau of Standards, Volumes I-III, Reissued 1971 as NSRDS-NBS 35 Vol. I 1H-23V, Vol. II 24Cr-41Nb, Vol. III 42Mo-57La (NBS, Washington, DC 1971)

    Google Scholar 

  26. W.C. Martin, R. Zalubas, L. Hagan: Atomic Energy Levels - The Rare Earth Elements, NSRDS-NBS 60 (US Govt. Printing Office, Washington, DC 1978)

    Google Scholar 

  27. S. Bashkin, J.O. Stoner: Atomic Energy Levels and Grotrian Diagrams, Vol. IHI-P XV (1975), Vol. I Addenda (1978), Vol. II S I - Ti XXII (1978), Vol. III V I - Cr XXIV (1981), Vol. IV Mn I-XXV (North-Holland, Amsterdam 1982)

    Google Scholar 

  28. B. Edlén: Atomic spectra. In: Handbuch der Physik, Vol. XXVII, ed. By S. Flügge (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1964)

    Google Scholar 

  29. B. Edlén: Energy structure of highly ionized atoms. (See 2.77, Pt. D, p. 271)

    Google Scholar 

  30. P.J. Mohr, W.L. Wiese (eds.): Atomic and Molecular Data and their Applications (AIP Press, New York 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  31. V.A. Boiko, V.G. Palchikov, I.Yu. Skobelev, A.Ya. Faenov: The Spectroscopic Constants of Atoms and Ions (CRC, Boca Raton, CA 1994)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Book (AIP Press, New York 1996)

    Google Scholar 

  33. N.H. March: Self-consistent Fields in Atoms (Pergamon, Oxford 1978)

    Google Scholar 

  34. N.H. March: 1977

    Google Scholar 

  35. C. Froese-Fisher: Multi-configuration Hartree-Fock calculations for complex atoms. (See 2.77, Pt. C, p.29)

    Google Scholar 

  36. C.F. Froese Fischer, T. Brage, P. Jönsson: Computational Atomic Structure - An MCHF Approach (IOP Publishing, Bristol 1997)

    Google Scholar 

  37. B.G. Wybourne: Spectroscopic Properties of Rare Earths (Wiley, New York 1965)

    Google Scholar 

  38. B.R. Judd: Complex atomic spectra. Rep. Prog. Phys. 48, 907 (1985)

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. M.J. Seaton: Quantum defect theory. I. General formulation. Proc. Phys. Soc. London 88, 801 (1966); II. Illustrative one-channel and two-channel problems. Proc. Phys. Soc. London 88, 815 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  40. U. Fano: Unified treatment of perturbed series, continuous spectra and collisions. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 65, 979 (1975)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. J.A. Armstrong, P. Esherick, J.J. Wynne: Bound, even parity J = 0 and 2 spectra of Ca: A multichannel quantum-defect theory analysis. Phys. Rev. A 15, 180 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  42. P. Esherick: Bound, even parity J = 0 and J = 2 spectra of Sr. Phys. Rev. A 15, 1920 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  43. M. Aymar, O. Robaux: Multichannel quantum defect analysis of the bound, even parity J = 2 spectra of neutral barium. J. Phys. B 12, 531 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  44. N. Ryde: Atoms and Molecules in Electric Fields (Almquist & Wiksell International, Stockholm 1976)

    Google Scholar 

  45. J.-P. Connerade: Highly Excited Atoms (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1997)

    Google Scholar 

  46. T.F. Gallagher: Rydberg Atoms (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1994).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  47. T.W. Ducas, M.G. Littman, R.R. Freeman, D. Kleppner: Stark ionization of high-lying states of sodium. Phys. Rev. Lett. 35, 366 (1975)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. T F Gallagher, L.M. Humphrey, R.M. Hill, S.A. Edelstein: Resolution of ml and mi levels in the electric field ionization of highly excited states of Na. Phys. Rev. Lett. 37, 1465 (1976)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. T.F. Gallagher, L.M. Humphrey, R.M. Hill, W. Cooke, S.A. Edelstein: Fine structure intervals and polarizabilities of highly excited p and d states of sodium. Phys. Rev. A 15, 1937 (1977)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. D. Kleppner, M.G. Littman, M.L. Zimmerman: Highly excited atoms. Sci. Am. 244 (5), 108 (1981)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. H. Kopfermann: Nuclear Moments (Academic Press, New York 1958)

    Google Scholar 

  52. W.A. Nierenberg, I. Lindgren: In: Alpha-, Beta-, and Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy, ed. by K. Siegbahn (North-Holland, Amsterdam 1965) p. 1263

    Google Scholar 

  53. G.H. Fuller, V.W. Cohen: Nuclear spins and moments. Nuclear Data Tables A 5, 433(1969)

    Google Scholar 

  54. E. Arimondo, M. Inguscio, P. Violino: Experimental determinations of the hyperfine structure in the alkali atoms. Rev. Mod. Phys. 49, 31 (1977)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. I. Lindgren, A. Rosén: Relativistic self-consistent field calculations with application to hyperfine interaction. Pt. I Relativistic self-consistent fields, Pt. II Relativistic theory of atomic hyperfine interaction. Case Stud. Atom. Phys. 4, 93 (1974), Pt. III Comparison between theoretical and experimental hyperfine structure results. Case Stud. Atom. Phys. 4, 197 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  56. S. Büttgenbach: Hyperfine Structure in.4d-and 5d-Shell Atoms, Springer Tracts Mod. Phys., Vol. 96 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1982)

    Google Scholar 

  57. I. Lindgren, J. Morrison: Atomic Many-Body Theory, 2nd edn., Springer Ser. Atoms and Plasmas, Vol. 3 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1987)

    Google Scholar 

  58. I. Lindgren: Effective operators in the atomic hyperfine interaction. Rep. Prog. Phys. 47, 345 (1984)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  59. J.R.P. Angel, P.G.H. Sandars: The hyperfine structure Stark effect, I. Theory. Proc. Roy. Soc. A 305, 125 (1968)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  60. A. Khadjavi, A. Lurio, W. Happer: Stark effect in the excited states of Rb, Cs, Cd, and Hg. Phys. Rev. 167, 128 (1968)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  61. K. Heilig, A. Steudel: Changes in mean square nuclear charge radii from optical isotope shifts. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables 14, 613 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  62. K. Heilig, A. Steudel: New Developments in classical optical spectroscopy. (See [2.76], Pt. A, p.263)

    Google Scholar 

  63. W.H. King: Isotope Shifts in Atomic Spectra (Plenum, New York 1984)

    Google Scholar 

  64. V.W. Hughes, B. Bederson, V.W. Cohen, F.M.J. Pichanick (eds.): Atomic Physics, New York 1968 (Plenum, New York 1969)

    Google Scholar 

  65. G.K. Woodgate, P.G.H. Sandars (eds): Atomic Physics 2, Oxford 1970 (Plenum, New York 1971)

    Google Scholar 

  66. S.J. Smith, G.K. Walters (eds.): Atomic Physics 3, Boulder, Colo. 1972 (Plenum, New York 1973)

    Google Scholar 

  67. G. zu Putlitz, E.W. Weber, A. Winnacker (eds.): Atomic Physics 4, Heidelberg 1974 (Plenum, New York 1975)

    Google Scholar 

  68. R. Marrus, M. Prior, H. Shugart (eds.): Atomic Physics 5, Berkeley 1976 (Plenum, New York 1977)

    Google Scholar 

  69. A.M. Prokhorov, R. Damburg (eds.): Atomic Physics 6, Riga 1978 (Plenum, New York 1979)

    Google Scholar 

  70. D. Kleppner, F.M. Pipkin (eds.): Atomic Physics 7, Cambridge, MA 1980 (Plenum, New York 1981)

    Google Scholar 

  71. I. Lindgren, A. Rosén, S. Svanberg (eds.): Atomic Physics 8, Göteborg 1982 (Plenum, New York 1983)

    Google Scholar 

  72. R.S. Van Dyck Jr., E.N. Fortson (eds.): Atomic Physics 9, Seattle 1984 (World Scientific, Singapore 1985)

    Google Scholar 

  73. H. Narumi, I. Shimamura (eds.): Atomic Physics 10, Tokyo 1986 (North-Holland, Amsterdam 1987)

    Google Scholar 

  74. S. Haroche, J.C. Gay, G. Grynberg (eds.): Atomic Physics 11, Paris 1988 (World Scientific, Singapore 1989)

    Google Scholar 

  75. J. Zorn, R. Lewis (eds.): Atomic Physics 12, Ann Arbor 1990 (Plenum, New York 1990)

    Google Scholar 

  76. H. Walther, T.W. Hänsch, B. Neizert (eds.): Atomic Physics 13, Munich 1992 (AIP Press, New York 1993)

    Google Scholar 

  77. D.J. Wineland, C.E. Wieman, S.J. Smith (eds.): Atomic Physics 14, Boulder 1994 (AIP Press, New York 1995)

    Google Scholar 

  78. H.B. van Linden van den Heuvell, J.T.M. Walraven, M.W. Reynolds (eds.):Atomic Physics 15, Amsterdam 1996 (World Scientific, Singapore 1997)

    Google Scholar 

  79. W.E. Baylis, G.W.F. Drake (eds.): Atomic Physics 16, Windsor 1998, To be published

    Google Scholar 

  80. E. Arimondo, P. De Natale, M. Inguscio (eds.): Atomic Physics 17, Firenze 2000 (AIP Conference Proceedings, Melville, NY 2001)

    Google Scholar 

  81. W. Hanle, H. Kleinpoppen (eds.): Progress in Atomic Spectroscopy, Pts. A and B (Plenum, New York 1978 and 1979)

    Google Scholar 

  82. H.J. Beyer, H. Kleinpoppen (eds.): Progress in Atomic Spectroscopy, Pts. C and D (Plenum, New York 1984 and 1987)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 118, 221 00, Lund, Sweden

    Professor Sune Svanberg

Authors
  1. Professor Sune Svanberg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Svanberg, S. (2001). Atomic Structure. In: Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy. Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-98107-4_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-98107-4_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-98109-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-98107-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation