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Herz-Kreislauf-System

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Komplikationen in der Anästhesie

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Zusammenfassung

Unter kardialen Arrhythmien versteht man plötzlich auftretende Rhythmusänderungen, als Ausdruck einer Erregungsinstabilität des Herzens. Die Häufgkeit intra-operativ auftretender kardialer Rhythmusstörungen wird mit einer Inzidenz von 13% bis 84% angegeben [18], wenn man alle Formen elektrokardiographischer Abnormalitäten inkludiert, wobei ventrikuläre Rhythmusstörungen in einem Prozentsatz zwischen 3% und 60% auftreten [4, 18, 25]. Bertrand et al. fand eine höhere Inzidenz von ventrikulären Rhythmusstörungen bei Patienten mit kardialer Vorerkrankung (60%) gegenüber Patienten ohne kardiale Vorerkrankung (37%) [4]. Die Inzidenz schwerwiegender Rhythmusstörungen wie z. B. andauernde multiple VES, Kammertachykardie, Kammerflimmern wird nur mit einem geringen Prozentsatz zwischen 0,9% [25] und 6,0% [18] angegeben. Die statistischen Unterschiede in den verschiedenen Untersuchungen ergeben sich u. a. aus der unterschiedlichen Häufigkeit der Vorerkrankungen und der verschiedenen Arten der Registrierung. Besonders häufig werden eher harmlose Rhythmusstörungen in der Ein- und Ausleitungsphase der Anästhesie, während des In- und Extubationsvorganges selbst (72%) [4] und durch die u. a. 2malige Gabe von Succinylcholinchlorid (80%) fast regelmäßig, gesehen.

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Authors
  1. Jutta Berger
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  2. H. Gombotz
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  3. A. Baumgartner
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  4. E. Mahla
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin Landeskrankenhaus Graz, Universität Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, A-8036, Graz, Österreich

    W. F. List

  2. Institut für Anästhesiologie und operative Intensivmedizin, Stadtkrankenhaus Hanau, Leimenstraße 20, D-63450, Hanau, Deutschland

    P. M. Osswald

  3. Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Leimenstraße 20, D-63450, Hanau, Deutschland

    P. M. Osswald

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Berger, J., Gombotz, H., Baumgartner, A., Mahla, E. (1997). Herz-Kreislauf-System. In: List, W.F., Osswald, P.M. (eds) Komplikationen in der Anästhesie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97938-5_2

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