Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Liver Xenotransplantation: Clinical Experience and Future Considerations

  • Chapter
Xenotransplantation

Abstract

The use of xenografts in liver transplantation offers several distinct advantages for the treatment of patients with end-stage liver disease and fulminant liver failure. The first is the availabihty of a predictable and ready supply of donor organs. At the present time the most critical element restricting the widespread apphcation of liver transplantation as a therapeutic modality is the shortage of human donor organs. It has been estimated that approximately 20%–25% of patients awaiting liver transplantation die due to lack of an appropriate donor organ. The limited supply of donor organs also has the effect of limiting the size of the potential pool of recipients that may benefit from the procedure. An increased supply of suitable organs will result in a large increase in the number of transplants performed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Dubernard, J.M., Bonneau, M., Latour, M. Heterografts in Primates. Simep Editions, Villeurbanne, France, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Auchincloss, H. Jr. Xenogeneic transplantation. A review. Transplantation. 46,1, 1988.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Norman, J.C., Saravis, C.A., Brown, M.E., McDermott, W.V. Jr. Immunochemical observahons in chnical heterologous (xenogeneic) hver perfusions. Surgery. 60,179, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Hickman, R., Saunders, S.J., Goodwin, N.E., Terblanche, J. Perfusion of the isolated pig hver with human blood. J. Surg. Res. 11,519, 1971.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Abouna, G.M., Serrou, B., Boehmig, H.G., Amemiya, H., Marineau, G. Long-term support by intermittent mulh-species liver perfusions. Lancet 2,391, 1970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Starzl T.E., Marchioro, T.L. Faris. T.D., McCardle. M.J. Iwasaki, Y. Avenues of future research in homotransplantation of the liver. Amer. J. Surg. 112,391, 1966.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Starzl, T.E. Experience in Hepatic Transplantation. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1969, p. 408.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Giles, G.R., Boehmig, H.J., Amemiya, H., Halgrimson, C.G., Starzl, T.E. Chnical heterotransplantation of the liver. Transplant. Proc. 2,506, 1970.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Starzl, T.E., Ishikawa, M., Putman, C.W., Porter, K.A., Picache, R., Husberg, B.S. Halgrimson, C.G., Schröter, G. Progress in and deterrents to orthotopic liver transplantation, with special reference to survival, resistance to hyperacute rejection, and bihary duct reconstruction. Transplant. Proc. 6,129, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Porter, K.A. Pathology of the orthotopic homograft and heterograft. In: Experience in Hepatic Transplantation. T.E. Starzl (ed.), W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia. 1969, p. 422.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Makowka, L., Chapman, F.A., Cramer, D.V., Quian, S.G., Sun, H., Starzl, T.E. Platelet- activating factor and hyperacute rejection. The effect of a platelet-activating factor antagonist, SRI 63–441, on rejection of xenografts and allografts in sensitized hosts. Transplantation. 50,359, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Miyagawa, S., Hirose, H., Shirakura, R., Naka, Y., Nakata, S., Kawashima, V., Seya, T., Matsumoto, M., Venaka, A., Kitamura, H. The mechanism of discordant xenograft rejection. Transplantation. 46,825, 1988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Starzl, T.E., Demetris, A.J. Liver Transplantation: a 31-year Perspective. Year Book Medical Publ., Inc., Chicago, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Monden, M., Valdivia, L.A., Gotoh, M., Hasuike, Y., Kubota, N., Kanai, T., Okamura, J., Mori, T. Hamster-to-rat orthotopic liver xenografts. Transplantation. 43,745, 1987.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Calne, R.Y. Organ transplantation between widely disparate species. Transplant. Proc. 2,550, 1970.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Reemtsma, K. Renal heterotransplantation from non-human primates to man. Ann. N.Y.Acad. Sci. 162,412, 1969.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Eiseman, B., Lam, D.S., Raffucci, F. Heterologous hver perfusion in treatment of hepatic failure. Surg. 162,329, 1965.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ham, J.M., Piróla, R.C., Davidson, R.M., Ayrrow, S., Elmsliz, R.G. Pig liver perfusion for the treatment of acute hepatic coma. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 127,453, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Shons, A.R., Najarian, J.S. Xenograft rejection mechanisms in man. Trans. Am. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs. 20,562, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Edwards, N., Ott, G., Berger, C., He, X.,Teppler, I., Copey, L., Smith, C., Reemtsma, K., Rose, E. Incidence of preformed antibodies against potential xeno-donors in human serum. Transplantation. 49,1022, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Platt, J.L., Vercellotti, G.M., Lindman, B.J., Oegema, T.R. Jr., Bach, F.H., Dalmasso, A.P. Release of heparan sulfate from endothelial cells. Implications for pathogenesis of hyperacute rejection. J. Exp. Med. 171,1363, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Otte, K.E., Andersen, N., Jorgensen, K.A., Kristensen, T., Barfort, P., Starklint, H., Larsen, S., Kemp, E. Xenoperfusion of pig kidney with human AB or O blood. Transplant. Proc. 22,1091, 1990.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Calne, R.Y., White, H.J.O., Herbertson, B.M., Millard, P.R., Davis, D.R., Salaman, J.R., Samuel, J.R. Pig-to-baboon liver xenografts. Lancet. 1,1176, 1968.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Calne, R.Y., Davis, D.R., Pena, J.R., Balner, H., De Vries, M., Herbertson, B.M., Millard, P.R., Joysey, V.C., Seaman, M.J., Samuel, J.R., Stibbe, J., Westbroek, D.L. Hepatic allografts and xenografts in primates. Lancet. 1,103, 1970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Knoop, M., Steffen, R., Orlof, M.S., Cramer, D.V. Overview: The importance of hepatic artery reconstitution in orthotopic hver transplantation. Submitted for publication.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Gordon, R.D., Iwatsuki, S., Esquivel, C.O., Tzakis, A., Todo, S., Starzl, T.E. Liver transplantation across ABO blood groups. Surgery. 100,342, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Gordon, R.D., Fung, J.J., Markus, B., Fox, I., Iwatsuki, S., Esquivel, C.O., Tzakis, A., Todo, S., Starzl, T.E. The antibody crossmatch in hver transplantation. Surgery. 100,705, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Kamada, N., Davies, H., Roser, B. Reversal of transplantation immunity by liver grafting. Nature. 292,840, 1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Knechtle, S.J., Kolbeck, P.C., Tsuchimoto, S., Coundouriotis, A., Sanfilippo, F., Bollinger, R.R. Hepatic transplantation into sensitized recipients. Transplantation. 43,8, 1987.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Demetris, A.J., Jaffe, R., Tzakis, A., Ramsey, G., Todo, S., Belle, S., Esquivel, C., Shapiro, R., Markus, B., Mroczek, E. Antibody mediated rejection of human orthotopic hver allografts: a study of hver transplantation across ABO blood group barriers. Am. J. Pathol. 132,489, 1988.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Merion, R.M., Colletti, L.M. Hyperacute rejection in porcine hver transplantation. L Chnical characteristics, histopathology, and disappearance of donor-specific lymphocytotoxic antibody from serum. Transplantation. 49,861, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Makowka, L.M., Chapman, P., Cramer, D., Sher, L., Podesta, L., Howard, T., Starzl, T.E. The role of inflammatory reactions in xenotransplantation. In: Xenograft 25. Hardy, M.A. (ed.), Elsevier; Amsterdam, New York, Oxford, 1989, p. 159.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Valdivia, L.A., Monden, M., Gotoh, M., Nakano, Y., Tono, T., Mori, T. Evidence that deoxyspergualin prevents sensitization and first-set cardiac xenograft rejection in rats by suppression of antibody formation. Transplantation. 50,132, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Knechtle, S.J., Halperin, E.C., Saad, T., Bohinger, R.R. Prolonged heart xenograft survival using combined total lymphoid irradiation and cyclosporine. J. Heart Transplant. 5, 254, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Slavin, S., Strober, S., Fuks, Z., Kaplan, H.S. Induction of specific transplantation tolerance using fractionated total lymphoid irradiation in adult mice: long-term survival of allogeneic bone marrow and skin grafts. J. Exp. Med. 146,34, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Ilstad, S.M., Sachs, D.H. Reconstitution with syngeneic plus allogeneic or xenogeneic bone marrow leads to specific acceptance of skin ahografts or xenografts. Nature. 307, 168, 1984.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Zijlstra, M., Bix, M., Simister, N.E., Loring, J.M., Raulet, D.H., Jaenisch, R. P2-micro- globulin deficient mice lack CD4-8+ cytolytic T cells. Nature. 34,743, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. D. V. Cramer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. L. Sher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. L. Makowka
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Baptist Medical Center, Oklahoma Transplantation Institute, 3300 N. W. Expressway, 73112, Oklahoma City, OK, USA

    D. K. C. Cooper M. D. Ph. D.

  2. Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000, Odense, Denmark

    Ejvind Kemp M. D.

  3. Department of Surgery, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, 10032, New York, NY, USA

    Keith Reemtsma M. D.

  4. Department of Surgery, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, CB2 2QQ, Cambridge, UK

    D. J. G. White Ph. D., MRC Path.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Cramer, D.V., Sher, L., Makowka, L. (1991). Liver Xenotransplantation: Clinical Experience and Future Considerations. In: Cooper, D.K.C., Kemp, E., Reemtsma, K., White, D.J.G. (eds) Xenotransplantation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97323-9_35

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97323-9_35

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-97325-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-97323-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation