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Patienten mit besonderen Risiken

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Anästhesiologie

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Zusammenfassung

Die koronare Herzkrankheit (KHK), häufig auch als ischämische Herzerkrankung (international: „isch-aemic heart disease“, IHD) bezeichnet, ist in der modernen Industriegesellschaft die am weitesten verbreitete Erkrankung unserer Zeit. Um das Jahr 1980 starben, berechnet auf eine Population von 100000 Personen zwischen 40 und 69 Jahren, in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 386(90), in Großbritannien 398 (130), in den USA 314(75) und in Japan 65(24) Menschen an einer KHK (in Klammern: Anzahl der Frauen) [20]. Dabei ist nach kontinuierlichem Anstieg bis etwa Mitte der 70er Jahre eine erhebliche Abnahme der Letalität in den USA und Japan zu verzeichnen, vermutlich Folge einer breiten Aufklärung über Risikofaktoren und deren Ausschaltung. Eindeutige derartige Risikofaktoren, die die Entwicklung einer KHK begünstigen, sind Zigarettenrauchen, arterieller Hochdruck und Stürungen des Lipidstoffwechsels, insbesondere eine Hypercho-lesterinämie mit überwiegender LDL-Fraktion (Low-density-lipoprotein). Von etwas geringerer Bedeutung scheinen die Risikofaktoren Diabetes mellitus und familiäre Disposition zu sein. Inwieweit Übergewicht, Bewegungsarmut, Persünlichkeitsstruktur und ihre Streßbewältigungsmüglichkeiten sowie die Härte des Trinkwassers eine weitere Rolle spielen, ist gegenwärtig quantitativ schwer kalkulierbar.

Weitere Informationen zum Thema dieses Kapitels sind in folgenden Kapiteln zu finden: 1.1, 1.2, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.7, 2.9, 4.6, 5.5, 6.4.

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Authors
  1. D. Kettler
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  2. W. F. List
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  3. W. Kröll
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  4. J. Peters
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für experimentelle Anästhesiologie, Bereich Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, W-8000, München 2, Deutschland

    Alfred Doenicke

  2. Zentrum Anaesthesiologie, Rettungs-und Intensivmedizin, Universität Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, W-3400, Göttingen, Deutschland

    Dietrich Kettler

  3. Universitätsklinik für Anästhesiologie, LKH Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, A-8036, Graz, Österreich

    Werner F. List

  4. Zentrum für Anästhesiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, W-4000, Düsseldorf, Deutschland

    Jörg Tarnow

  5. Institut für Anästhesiologie und Intensivbehandlung, Universität Bern Inselspital, CH-3010, Bern, Schweiz

    Dick Thomson

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Kettler, D., List, W.F., Kröll, W., Peters, J. (1992). Patienten mit besonderen Risiken. In: Doenicke, A., Kettler, D., List, W.F., Tarnow, J., Thomson, D. (eds) Anästhesiologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97158-7_31

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97158-7_31

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