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Allgemeine Eigenschaften von Viren

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Medizinische Mikrobiologie

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Zusammenfassung

Viren sind die kleinsten infektiösen Einheiten (20–300 nm im Durchmesser), sie enthalten ein Nucleinsäure-Mokekül (RNS oder DNS) als Genom. Die Nucleinsäure ist von einer Proteinhühe umgegen, die gesamte infektiöse Einheh wird als Virion bezeichnet. Viren können sich nur in lebenden Zehen vermehren. Die Virus Nucleinsäure enthält die nötigen Informationen um in der infizierten Wirtszelle die Synthese zahlreicher virusspezifischer Makromoleküle zu veranlassen, die zur Büdung der Virusnachkommenschaft benötigt werden. Während des Vermehrungscyclus werden zahlreiche Kopien der Virus-Nucleinsäure und des Hüllproteins synthetisiert. Bei der Zusammenlagerung der Hüllproteine bildet sich das Capsid, das die Nucleinsäure umgibt und sie gegen extracelluläre Einflüsse stabilisiert. Mü Hüfe des Hüllproteins erfolgt die Anheftung und vielleicht auch die Penetration des Virus nach dem Kontakt mit einer empfänglichen Zelle.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, USA

    Ernest Jawetz Ph. D. M. D. (Professor of Microbiology and Chairman, Professor of Medicine, Lecturer in Pediatries)

  2. Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA

    Joseph L. Melnick Ph. D. (Professor of Virology and Epidemiology)

  3. Department of Microbiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA

    Edward A. Adelberg Ph. D. (Professor of Microbiology and Chairman)

Authors
  1. Ernest Jawetz Ph. D. M. D.
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  2. Joseph L. Melnick Ph. D.
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  3. Edward A. Adelberg Ph. D.
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© 1977 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg

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Jawetz, E., Melnick, J.L., Adelberg, E.A. (1977). Allgemeine Eigenschaften von Viren. In: Medizinische Mikrobiologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-96397-1_27

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-96397-1_27

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-08162-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-96397-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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