Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Toxische Myokardschädigung

  • Chapter
Myokarderkrankungen Perikarderkrankungen Herztumoren

Part of the book series: Handbuch der inneren Medizin ((INNEREN 9,volume 9 / 5))

  • 21 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

In diesem Kapitel sollen die toxischen Effekte von Pharmaka und anderen Substanzgruppen, die eine gewisse Selektivität für das Herz- und Kreislaufsystem besitzen, dargestellt werden. Per defmitionem handelt es sich bei diesen um unerwünschte, mehr oder minder schwerwiegende Wirkungen, die zu einer reversiblen Funktionsstörung und/oder zu einer dauerhaften Schädigung führen können. Die Beziehung zwischen Agens und toxischer Wirkung läßt sich formal in der Regel als Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung beschreiben. Häufig besteht jedoch eine Intermediärzone mit einer beim Einzelnen möglichen, aber nicht im Einzelfall voraussagbaren toxischen Antwort. Mögliche Angriffspunkte kardiotoxisch wirksamer Substanzen sind alle Strukturen des kardiovaskulären Systems, beginnend bei übergeordneten Regulationszentren und dem vegetativen Nervensystem bis zur Gefäßmuskulatur, Reizleitungssystem und Myokard. Nachfolgend sollen vorwiegend die toxischen Effekte auf die beiden letztgenannten Strukturen besprochen werden. Die toxischen Effekte selbst lassen sich sowohl funktionell als auch anatomisch beschreiben.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Abbasakoor A, Beanlands DC (1976) Electrocardiographic changes during ethanol withdrawal. Ann NY Acad Sci 273:364

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed SS, Levinson GE, Regan TJ (1973) Depression of myocardial contractility with low doses of ethanol in normal man. Circulation 48:378

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alderman EL, Barry WH, Graham DF et al. (1972) Hemodynamic effects of morphine and pentazocine differ in cardiac patients. N Engl J Med 287:623

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • AMA Insights (1979) JAMA 241:1103

    Google Scholar 

  • American Diabetes Association (1979) Policy statement: The UGDP controversy. Diabetes 28:168

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersson KE (1978) Effects of calcium and calcium antagonists on the excitation-contraction coupling in striated and smooth muscle. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Suppl 1) 43:15–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Angermann CH, Jahrmärker H (1983) Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur kardiodepres-sorischen Wirkung von Disopyramid, Mexiletin und Propafenon. Z Kardiol 72:665

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous (1972) Asthma deaths: A question answered. Br Med J [Clin Res] 4:443–444

    Google Scholar 

  • Arndts D (1975) Drug effects on myocardial 45 Ca uptake in conscious rats. Arzneimittelforsch 25:1279–1282

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aronow WS (1971) The effect of smoking cigarettes on the apexcardiogram in coronary heart disease. Chest 59:365–368

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aronow WS, Kaplan MA, Jacob D (1968) Tobacco: A precipitation factor in angina pectoris. Ann Intern Med 69:529–535

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aronow WS, Dendinger J, Rokaw SN (1971) Heart rate and carbon monoxide level after smoking high, low and non-nicotine cigarettes. Ann Intern Med 74:697–702

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aronson JK (1983) Digitalis intoxication. Clin Sci 64:253

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arthes FG, Masi AT (1976) Myocardial infarction in younger women. Chest 70:594

    Google Scholar 

  • Asokan SK (1974) Experimental lead cardiomyopathy: Myocardial structural changes in rats given small amounts of lead. J Lab Clin Sci 84:20–25

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asokan SK, Frank MJ, Witham AC (1972) Cardiomyopathy with cardiomegaly in alcoholics. Am Heart J 84:13–18

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Astedt B (1971) Low fibrinolytic activity of veins during treatment with ethinylostradiol. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 50:279

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Auerbach O, Carter HW (1980) Smoking and the heart. In: Bristow MR (ed) Drug induced heart disease. Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp 359–376

    Google Scholar 

  • Auerbach O, Hammond EC, Garfinkel L (1965) Smoking in relation to atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. N Engl J Med 273:775–779

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Auerbach O, Hammond EC, Garfinkel L (1968) Thickening of walls of arterioles and small arteries in relation to age and smoking habits. N Engl J Med 278:980–894

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Auerbach O, Hammond EC, Garfinkel L (1971) Thickness of walls of myocardial arterioles in relation to smoking and age. Arch Environ Health 22:20–27

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aviado DM (1975) Toxicity of aerosols. J Clin Pharmacol 15:86–104

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Babayan EA, Astahova AV, Lepakhin VK, Lopatin AS (1983 a) Central nervous system stimulants and anorectic agents. In: Dukes MNG (ed) Meyler’s side effects of drugs 7. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam Oxford Princeton, pp 1–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Babayan EA, Rudenko GM, Lepakhin VK et al. (1983 b) Neuroleptics and antipsychotics. In: Dukes MNG (ed) Meyler’s side effects of drugs 7. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam Oxford Princeton, pp 56–73

    Google Scholar 

  • Backer G de, Jacobs D, Prineas R, Crow R, Vilandre J, Kennedy H, Blackburn H (1979) Ventricular premature contractions: A randomized non-drug intervention trial in normal men. Circulation 59:762–769

    Google Scholar 

  • Baden MM, Blaustein A, Ferraro LR (1981) A sudden death after haloperidol. J Can Soc Forens Sci 11:70

    Google Scholar 

  • Baedeker W, Wirtzfeld A (1973) Rhythmusstörungen bei Digitalis-Intoxikation. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 8:292–301

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bailar JC, Byar DP (1970) Oestrogen treatment for cancer of the prostate. Cancer 26:257

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Balazs T, Bloom S (1982) Cardiotoxicity of adrenergic bronchodilator and vasodilating antihypertensive drugs. In: Van Stee EW (ed) Cardiovascular toxicology. Raven, New York, pp 199–216

    Google Scholar 

  • Ball K, Turner R (1974) Smoking and the heart (the basis for action). Lancet II:822–826

    Google Scholar 

  • Barboriak JJ, Anderson AJ, Hoffmann RG (1979) Interrelationships between coronary artery occlusion, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and alcohol intake. J Lab Clin Med 94:348–353

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bashour TT, Fahdul H, Cheng T (1975) Electrocardiographic abnormalities in alcoholic cardiomyopathy. A study of 65 patients. Chest 68:24

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beller GA, Smith TW, Abelmann WH et al. (1971) Digitalis intoxication: A prospective clinical study with serum level correlations. N Engl J Med 284:989

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bellet S, Guzman NT de, Kostis JB, Roman L, Fleischmann D (1972) The effect of inhalation of cigarette smoke on ventricular fibrillation threshold in normal dogs und dogs with acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 83:67–76

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beral V, Kay R (1977) Mortality among oral-contraceptive users: Royal College of General Practitioners Oral Contraception Study. Lancet II: 727

    Google Scholar 

  • Bezahler GH (1982) Fatal methyldopa-associated granulomatous hepatitis and myocarditis: Case report. Am J Med Sci 283:41

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bigger JT, Giardina FGV, Perel JM, Kantor S J, Glassman AH (1977) Cardiac antiarrhythmic effect of imipramine hydrochloride. N Engl J Med 296:206

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Billingham ME, Bristow MR, Glatstein E, Mason JW, Masek MA, Daniels JR (1977) Adriamycin cardiotoxicity: Endomyocardial biopsy evidence of enhancement by irradiation. Am J Surg Pathol 1:17–23

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Billingham ME, Mason JW, Bristow MR, Daniels JR (1978) Anthracycline cardiomyopathy monitored by morphologic changes. Cancer Treat Rep 62:865–872

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell B (1984) Antidepressant drugs. In: Dukes MNG (ed) Meyler’s side effects of drugs, 10th edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 21–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Block PJ, Winkle RA (1983) Hemodynamic effects of antiarrhythmic drugs. Am J Cardiol 52:14c–23c

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bloom S, Cancilla P (1969) Myocytolysis and mitochondrial calcification in rat myocardium after low doses of isoproterenol. Am J Pathol 54:373–391

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Böcker K et al. (1982) Die Wirkung von Disopyramid, Mexiletin und Propafenon nach intravenöser und oraler Gabe auf die Funktion des linken Ventrikels im M-mode-Echokardiogramm. Z Kardiol 71:839

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Böttiger LE, Westerholm B (1971) Oral contraceptives and thromboembolic disease. Acta Med Scand 190:445

    Google Scholar 

  • Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Committee Program Report (1972 a) Adverse reaction to the tricyclic antidepressant drugs. Lancet I:529

    Google Scholar 

  • Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program (1972 b) Coffee drinking and acute myocardial infarction. Lancet II:1278

    Google Scholar 

  • Boutet M, Huttner I, Rona G (1976) Permeability alteration of scarcolemmal membrane in catecholamine-induced cardiac muscle cell injury. Lab Invest 34:482–488

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bristow MR (1980) Pathophysiologic basis for cardiac monitoring in patients receiving anthracyclines. Bristol Symposium on Anthracycline, Norfolk, VA

    Google Scholar 

  • Bristow MR, Thompson PD, Martin RP, Mason JW, Billingham ME, Harrison DC (1978 a) Early anthracycline cardiotoxicity. Am J Med 65:823–832

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bristow MR, Mason JW, Billingham ME, Daniels JR (1978 b) Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy: Evaluation by phonocardiography, endomyocardial biopsy and cardiac catheteri-zation. Ann Intern Med 88:168–175

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bristow MR, Mason JW, Billingham ME, Daniels JR (1981) Dose effect and structure-function relationship in doxorubicin cardiomyopathy. Am Heart J 102:709

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bramlet DA, From AHL (1980) Double tachycardias associated with digitalis intoxication. Chest 78:324–326

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brooks N, Cattell M, Pidgeon J et al. (1980) Unpredictable response to nifedipine in severe cardiac failure. Br Med J 281:1324

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown BR Jr, Crout RJ (1971) A comparative study of the effects of five general anesthetics on myocardial contractility. Anesthesiology 34:236

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buja LM, Ferrans VJ, Mayer RJ, Roberts WC, Henderson ES (1973) Cardiac ultrastructural changes induced by daunorubicin therapy. Cancer 32:771–778

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burri CH, Ajdacic K, Michot F (1981) Syndrom der verlängerten QT-Zeit und Kammer-tachykardie „en torsade de pointes“ nach Behandlung mit Prenylamin (Segontin). Schweiz Rundschau Med Prax 70:717

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Camarata SJ, Weil MH, Hanashiro PK et al. (1971) Cardiac arrest in the critically III: I. a study of predisposing causes in 132 patients. Circulation 44:688

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carlens P (1981) Effect of intravenous verapamil on exercise tolerance and left ventricular function in patients with severe exertional angina pectoris. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 3:1

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Castellanos A, Azan L, Calvino JM (1960) Simultaneous tachycardias. Am Heart J 59:358–373

    Google Scholar 

  • Castelli WP, Gordon T, Hjortland MC, Kagan A, Doyle JT, Harnes CG, Hulley SB, Zukel WH (1977) Alcohol and blood lipids: The cooperative lipoprotein phenotyping study. Lancet II:153–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Chalmers TC (1975) Settling the UGDP controversy. Editorial. JAMA 231:624

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chand S, Crome P (1981) One hundred cases of acute intoxication with mianserin hy-drochloride. Pharmakopsychiatr 14:15

    Google Scholar 

  • Chappel CI, Rona G, Balazs T, Gaudry R (1959) Comparison of cardiotoxic actions of certain sympathomimetic amines. Can J Biochem Physiol 37:35–42

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chew CYC, Hecht HS, Colett JT et al. (1981) Influence of the severity of ventricular dysfunction on haemodynamic responses to intravenously administered verapamil in ischaemic heart disease. Am J Cardiol 47:917

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chiou WL (1974) Aerosol propellants: Cardiac toxicity and long biological half-live. JAMA 227:658

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chung EK (1969) Digitalis intoxication. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdem

    Google Scholar 

  • Chung EK, Dean HM (1972) Diseases of the heart and vascular system due to drugs. In: Meyler L, Peck HM (eds) Drug induced diseases. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen IS, Jick H, Cohen SI (1983) Adverse reactions to quinidine in hospitalized patients: Findings based on data from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 20:151–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Coull DC, Crooks J, Dingwall-Fordyce I, Scott AM, Weir RD (1970) Amitriptyline and cardiac disease: Risk of sudden death identified by monitoring system. Lancet II:590

    Google Scholar 

  • Cramer K, Paulin S, Werko L (1966) Coronary angiographic findings in correlation with age, body weight, blood pressure, serum lipids and smoking habits. Circulation 33:888–900

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crawford MD, Gardner MJ, Morris JN (1971) Cardiovascular disease and the mineral content of drinking water. Br Med Bull 27:21

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cryer PE, Haymond MW, Santiago JV, Shah SD (1976) Norepinephrine and epinephrine release and adrenergic mediation of smoking — associated hemodynamic and metabolic events. N Engl J Med 295:573–577

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Curtius JM, Goeckenjan G, Steyer M, Hust M (1980) Lungenödem als Tokolyse-Kom-plikation. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 105:1320–1324

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D’Agostino A (1964) An electron microscopic study of cardiac necrosis produced by 9 alphafluorocortisol and sodium phosphate. Am J Pathol 45:633–644

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahl G, Isenberg G (1980) Decoupling of heart muscle cells: Correlation with increased cytoplasmic calcium activity and with changes of nexus ultrastructure. J Membr Biol 53:63–75

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dawber TR, Kannel WB, Gordon T (1974) Coffee and cardiovascular disease. Observations from the Framingham Study. N Engl J Med 291:871

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De la Cruz CL, Haider B, Ettinger PO, Regan TJ (1977) Effects of ethanol on ventricular electrical stability in the chronic alcoholic animal. Alcoholism (NY) 1:158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Demakis JG, Proskey A, Rahimtoola SH, Jamil M, Sutton GC, Rosen KM, Gammary RM, Tobin JR (1974) The natural course of alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Ann Intern Med 80:293

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dobmeyer DJ, Stine RA, Leier CV et al. (1982) Arrhythmogenic effects of coffeine in man as determined by programmed electrical stimulation. Clin Res 30:182a

    Google Scholar 

  • Doll R (1971) Unwanted effects of drugs. Br Med Bull 27:25

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dollery CT, Williams FM, Draffan G H et al. (1974) Arterial blood levels of fluorocarbons in asthmatic patients following use of pressurized aerosols. Clin Pharmacol Ther 15:59

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dorigotti L, Gaetam M, Glasser AH, Turolla E (1969) Competitive antagonism of isopre-naline-induced cardiac necroses by adrenoreceptor blocking agents. J Pharm Pharmacol 21:188–191

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Douglas JG, Preston PG, Gough J et al. (1983) Long-term efficacy of fenfluramine in treatment of obesity. Lancet I:384

    Google Scholar 

  • Doyle JT, Dawber TR, Kännel WB (1964) The relationship of cigarette smoking to coronary heart disease: The second report of the combined experience of the Albany, N.Y. and the Framingham Mass, studies. JAMA 190:886–890

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan CJ (1978) Role of intracellular calcium in promoting muscle damage: A strategy for controlling the dystrophic condition. Experientia 34:1531–1535

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dyer AR, Stamler J, Paul O, Berkson DM, Lepper MH, McKean H, Shekelle RB, Lind-berg HA, Garside D (1977) Alcohol consumption, cardiovascular risk factors and mortality in two Chicago epidemiologic studies. Circulation 56:1067

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Editorial JAMA (1970) Cardiac toxicity of aerosol propellants 214:136

    Google Scholar 

  • Editorial Br Med J (1977) Smoker’s Heart 2:280

    Google Scholar 

  • Eikard B, Sprensen B (1976) Arrhythmias during halothane anaesthesia. I. The influence of atropine during induction with intubation. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 20:296

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Epstein SE, Rosing DR (1981) Verapamil: Its potential for causing serious complications in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation 64:437

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erdman S, Salomon J, Levy MJ (1976) Haemopericardium as a late complication in anticoagulant therapy following mitral valve replacement. Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 10:205

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erdmann E, Werdan K, Krawietz W, Schmitz W, Scholz H (1984) Vanadate and its significance in biochemistry and pharmacology. Biochem Pharmacol 33:945–950

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eskes TKAB, Kornman JJCM, Bots ASGM, Hein PR, Gimbrere JSF, Vonk TTC (1980) Maternal morbidity due to beta adrenergic therapy: Preexisting cardiomyopathy aggravated by fenoterol. Eur J Obstet Gynaecol Reprod Biol 10 (1):41–46

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ettinger PO, Lyons M, Oldewurtel HA, Regan TJ (1976) Cardiac conduction abnormalities produced by chronic alcoholism. Am Heart J 91:66–78

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ettinger PO, Wu CF, de la Cruz C Jr, Weisse AB, Ahmed SS, Regan TJ (1978) Arrhythmias and the „holiday heart“ alcohol-associated cardiac rhythm disorders. Am Heart J 95:555

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fabel H, Wettengel R, Hartmann W (1972) Myokardischämie und Arrhythmien durch den Gebrauch von Dosieraerosolen beim Menschen? Dtsch Med Wochenschr 97:428

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Farber JL (1980) Molecular mechanisms of toxic cell death. In: Witschi HP (ed) The scientific basis of toxicity assessment. Elsevier/North Holland, Amsterdam, pp 201–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferrans VJ (1978) Overview of cardiac pathology in relation to adriamycin cardiotoxicity. Cancer Treat Rep 62:955–961

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferro G, Chiariello M, Tari MG, Vigorito C, Ungaro B, Condorelli M (1983) Inotropic effects of several antiarrhythmic drugs. Jpn Heart J 24:377–390

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher VJ, Kavaler F (1975) The action of ethanol upon the contractility of normal ventricular myocardium. In: Rothschild MA, Oratz M, Schreiber SS (eds) Alcohol and abnormal protein biosynthesis. Pergamon, New York, p 187

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleckenstein A (1971) Specific inhibitors and promotors of calcium action in the excitations-contraction coupling of heart muscle and their role in the prevention or production of myocardial lesions. In: Harris P, Opie L (eds) Calcium and the heart. Academic Press, New York, pp 135–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleckenstein A (1977) Specific pharmacology of calcium in myocardium, cardiac pacemakers and vascular smooth muscle. Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 17:149–166

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fleckenstein A (1983) Calcium antagonism in heart and smooth muscle. Wiley & Sons, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Flowers NC, Horan LG (1972) Nonanoxic aerosol arrhythmias. JAMA 219:33

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Foerster J, Rasor J, Gee P, Zakauddin V, Mason D (1979) Deleterious effects of alcohol upon ventricular fibrillation threshold: Computer controlled determination in the closed chest dog. Circulation (Abst) 2:85

    Google Scholar 

  • Follath F, Burkart F, Schweizer W (1971) Drug-induced pulmonary hypertension. Br Med J [Clin Res] 1:265

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frais MA, Bayley TJ (1979) Left ventricular failure with labetalol. Postgrad Med J 55:567

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Franson R, Pang D, Towle D, Weglicki W (1978) Phospholipase: An activity of highly enriched preparations of cardiac sarcolemmae from hamster and dog. J Mol Cell Cardiol 10:921–930

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frederiksen H, Ravenholt RT (1970) Oral contraceptives, cigarette smoking. Public Health Rep 85:197

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Friberg L, Cederlof R, Lorich U, Lundman T, Faire U de (1973) Mortality in twins in relation to smoking habits and alcohol problems. Arch Environ Health 27:294–304

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Friedberg CK, Donoso E (1960) Arrhythmias and conduction disturbances due to digitalis. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 2:408–431

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ganote CE, Kaltenbach JP (1979) Oxygen-induced enzyme release: Early events and a proposed mechanism. J Mol Cell Cardiol 11:389–406

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaul G, Blazek G, Deutsch E et al. (1982) Ein Fall von chronischer pulmonaler Hypertonie nach Fenfluramin-Einnahme. Wien Klin Wochenschr 94:618

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghione M (1978) Cardiotoxic effects of antitumor agents. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1:25–34

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gillmer DJ, Kark P (1980) Pulmonary oedema precipitated by nifedipine. Br Med J [Clin Res] 280:1420

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldzieher JW (1981) Oral contraceptive hazards. Tex Med 77:61

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goodkind MJ, Gerber NH Jr, Meilen JR, Kostis JB (1975) Altered intracardiac conduction after acute administration of ethanol in the dog. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 194:633

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon T, Kannel WB, McGee D (1974) Death and coronary attacks in men after giving up cigarette smoking. Lancet II:1345-1348

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottdiener JS, Mathisen DJ, Borer JS et al. (1981) Doxorubicin cardiotoxicity: Assessment of late left ventricular dysfunction by radionuclide cineangiography. Ann Intern Med 94:430

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gottdiener JS, Di Bianco R, Fletcher RD (1982) Effects of antiarrhythmic agents on cardiac function. Angiology 33:228–238

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gottdiener JS et al. (1983) Effects of disopyramide on left ventricular function: Assessment by radionuclide cineangiography. Am J Cardiol 51:1554

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gould L, Shariff M, Lilieto M (1969) Cardiac hemodynamics in alcoholic patients with chronic liver disease and presystolic gallop. J Clin Invest 48:860

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gould L et al. (1972) Hemodynamic effects of ethanol in patients with cardiac disease. Q J Stud Alcohol 33:714

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenblatt DJ, Koch-Weser J (1974) Adverse reactions to /?-adrenergic blocking drugs: A report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program. Drugs 7:118

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greene AC et al. (1983) Effect of oral disopyramide therapy on left ventricular function. Chest 83:480

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenspon AJ, Stang JM, Lewis RP, Schaal SF (1979) Provocation of ventricular tachycardia after consumption of alcohol. N Engl J Med 301:1049–1050

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greshman GA, Calder IM (1968) Sudden death in young asthmatics. Br Med J [Clin Res] 3:186–187

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta RK (1977) Cortisone induced cardiac lesions. Indian J Exp Biol 15:314

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hager W, Thiede D, Wink K (1971) Primär vaskuläre pulmonale Hypertonie und Appetitzügler. Med Klin 66:386

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hall JL, Smith EB (1968) Cobalt heart disease: An electron microscopic and histochemical study in the rabbit. Arch Pathol Lab Med 86:403–412

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammond EC (1966) Smoking in relation to death rates of one million men and women: Epidemiologic approaches to the study of cancer and other chronic diseases. Nat Cancer Inst Monogr 19:127–204

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harper R, Whitford E, Middlebrook K et al. (1981) Verapamil in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome — a potential hazard? NZ Med J 11:456

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartel G, Louhija A, Konttinen A (1969) Cardiovascular study of 100 chronic alcoholics. Acta Med Scand 185:507

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hawley PL, Kopp SJ (1975 a) Electrocardiographic changes in isolated perfused rat heart exposed to cadmium ions. Physiologist 18:241

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawley PL, Kopp SJ (1975 b) Extension of PR interval in isolated rat heart by cadmium. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 150:669–671

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hemminki E, Pesonen T (1977) Regional coffee consumption and mortality from ischemic heart disease in Finland. Acta Med Scand 201:127

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hendele L, Bighley L, Richardson RH et al. (1977) Frequent toxicity from i. v. aminophylline infusions in critically ill patients. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 11:12

    Google Scholar 

  • Henderson IC, Frie E (1980) Adriamycin cardiotoxicity. Am Heart J 99:671–674

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herbert WH (1975) Cigarette smoking and arteriographically demonstrable coronary artery disease. Chest 67:49–52

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heyden S (1969) Environmental factors. Nicotine. In: Schettler FG, Boyd GS (eds) Atherosclerosis, chap 6, sect 1. Elsevier, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Higuchi M, Takenaka F (1978) Effect of verapamil on the transmural energy metabolism in the isoproterenol-induced myocardial lesion. Jpn Heart J 19:913–917

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hill P, Wynder EL (1974) Smoking and cardiovascular disease: Effect of nicotine on the serum epinephrine and corticoids. Am Heart J 87:491–496

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hiss J, Hepler BC, Falkowski AJ, Sunshine I (1982) Fatal bradycardia after intestinal overdose of cimetidine and diazepam. Lancet II:982

    Google Scholar 

  • Hochberg MS, Merrill WH, Gruber M (1978) Delayed cardiac tamponade associated with prophylactic anticoagulation in patients undergoing coronary bypass grafting. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 75:777

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoff DD von, Rosenzweig M, Piccart M (1982) The cardiotoxicity of anticancer agents. Semin Surg Oncol 9:23

    Google Scholar 

  • Hugenholtz PG, Michels HR, Serruys PW et al. (1981) Nifedipine in the treatment of unstable angina, coronary spasm and myocardial ischaemia. Am J Cardiol 47:163

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hulley SB, Cohen R, Widdowson G (1977) Plasma high density lipoprotein and cholesterol level: Influence of risk factor intervention. JAMA 238:2269–2271

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huston JR, Bell GE (1966) The effect of thioridazine hydrochloride and chlorpromazine on the electrocardiogram. JAMA 198:134

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ikram H, Fitzpatrick D (1981) Double-blind trial of chronic oral beta blockade in congestive cardiomyopathy. Lancet II:490

    Google Scholar 

  • Imhof P (1976) The significance of ß-blockers with particular reference to antihypertensive treatment. Adv Clin Pharmacol 11:26

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Inman WHW, Vessey MP (1968) Investigation of deaths from pulmonary, coronary and cerebral thrombosis and embolism in women of childbearing age. Br Med J [Clin Res] 2:193

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Inman WHW, Vessey MP, Westerholm B, Engelund A (1970) Thromboembolic disease and the steroidal content of oral contraceptives. A report of the Committee on Safety of Drugs. Br Med J [Clin Res] 2:203

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isner JM, Ferrans VJ, Cohen SR et al. (1983) Clinical and morphologic cardiac findings after anthracycline chemotherapy. Am J Cardiol 51:1167

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Israel Y, Kalant H, Le Blanc AE (1966) Effects of lower alcohols on potassium transport and microsomal adenosinetriphosphatase activity of rat cerebral cortex. Biochem J 100:27–33

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jain AK (1977) Cigarette smoking, use of oral contraceptives and myocardial infarction. Am J Obstet Gynecol 126:301

    Google Scholar 

  • Jewitt DE, Maurer BJ, Hubner PJB (1970) Increased pulmonary arterial pressures after pentazocine in myocardial infarction. Br Med J [Clin Res] 28:795

    Google Scholar 

  • Jewitt DE, Hubner PJ, Shillingford JB (1971) Cardiovascular effects of pentazocine in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Br Heart J 33:145

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jick H, Miettinen OS, Neff RK et al. (1973) Coffee and myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 289:63

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jick H, Dinan B, Rothman KJ (1978 a) Non-contraceptive oestrogens and nonfatal myocardial infarction. JAMA 239:1407

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jick H, Dinan B, Herman R, Rothman KJ (1978 b) Myocardial infarction and other vascular diseases in young women. JAMA 240:2548

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kahn HA (1966) The Dorn Study of smoking and mortality among U.S. veterans: Report of 8½ years of observation. Nat Cancer Inst Monogr 19:1–125

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Katz G, Kewitz G, Vozeh S, Follath F (1981) Beziehung zwischen Dosis, Serumkonzentration und Nebenwirkungen bei intravenöser Aminophyllin-Therapie. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 111:2054

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kershbaum A, Khorsandian R, Caplan RF et al. (1963) The role of catecholamines in the free fatty acid response to cigarette smoking. Circulation 28:52–57

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kibler LE, Sages PC (1977) Effect of clonidine on atrioventricular conduction. JAMA 238:1930

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirchmair H, Kirchmair W (1982) Kardiovaskuläre Nebenwirkungen unter Lithium-Therapie. Neuropsychiatr Clin 1:59

    Google Scholar 

  • Kleinert M (1974) Myokardiopathie unter Lithium-Therapie. Med Klin 69:494

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kleinfeld M, Stein E (1968) Action of divalent cations on membrane potentials and contractility in rat atrium. Am J Physiol 215:593–599

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kline I (1961) Myocardial alterations associated with pheochromocytomas. Am J Pathol 38:539–551

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kötter V et al. (1980) Effects of disopyramide on systemic and coronary hemodynamics and myocardial metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease: Comparison with lidocaine. Am J Cardiol 46:469

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kohlhardt M, Haastert HP, Krause H (1973) Evidence of nonspecificity of the Ca channel in mammalian myocardial fibre membranes: Substitution of Ca by Sr, Ba or Mg as charge carriers. Pfluegers Arch 342:126–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohlhardt M, Minich Z, Haap K (1979) Analysis of the inhibitory effect of Ni ions on slow inward current in mammalian ventricular myocardium. J Mol Cell Cardiol 11:1227–1243

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koide T, Ozeki K (1974) The incidence of myocardial abnormalities in man related to the level of ethanol consumption. Jpn Heart J 15:337

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koide T, Machida K, Nakanishi A, Ozeki K, Mashima S, Kono H (1972) Cardiac abnormalities in chronic alcoholism. Evidence suggesting an association of myocardial abnormality with chronic alcoholism in 107 Japanese patients admitted to a psychiatric ward. Jpn Heart J 13:418

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kolata GB (1979 a) Controversy over study of diabetes drugs continues for nearly a decade. Science 203:986

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kolata GB (1979 b) Blood sugar and the complications of diabetes. Science 203:1098

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kontopoulos A, Filindris A, Manoudis F et al. (1981) Sotalol induced torsade de pointes. Postgrad Med J 57:321

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kopp SJ, Baker JC, D’Argrosa LS, Hawley PL (1978 a) Simultaneous recording of His bundle electrogram, electrocardiogram and systolic tension from intact modified Lan-gendorff rat heart preparations. I. Effects of perfusion time, cadmium and lead. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 46:475–487

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kopp SJ, Baker JC, D’Argrosa LS (1978 b) Simultaneous recording of His bundle electro-gram, electrocardiogram and systolic tension from intact modified Langendorff rat heart preparations. II. Dose-response relationship of cadmium. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 46:489–497

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kowey PR et al. (1982) Use of radionuclide ventriculography for assessment of changes in myocardial performance induced by disopyramide phosphate. Am Heart J 104:769

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krebs R, Kersting F (1972) Zur Ursache der hämodynamischen Nebenwirkungen einiger Narkotika. Anaesthesist 21:153

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laakso M, Petikäinen PJ, Pyorälä K et al. (1981) Prolongation of the Q-T interval caused by sotalol: Possible association with ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Eur Heart J 2:353

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Labianca R, Beretta C, Clerici M et al. (1982) Cardiac toxicity of 5-fluorouracil: A study on 1083 patients. Tumori 68-505

    Google Scholar 

  • Lal S, Savidge RS, Chhabra GP (1969) Cardiovascular and respiratory effect of morphine and pentazocine in patients with myocardial infarction. Lancet I:379

    Google Scholar 

  • Landmark K, Refsum H (1978) Calcium, calcium antagonistic drugs and the heart. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Suppl 1) 43:15–33

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lange HF, Aarseth S (1958) The influence of anticoagulant therapy on the occurrence of cardiac rupture and hemopericardium following heart infarction. II. A controlled study of a selected treated group based on 1044 autopsies. Am Heart J 56:257

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langou RA, Dyke CV, Tahan SR, Cohen LS (1980) Cardiovascular manifestations of tricyclic antidepressant overdose. Am Heart J 100:458

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee JC, Downing SE (1980) Cyclic AMP and the pathogenesis of myocardial injury. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 27:305–318

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lenaz L, Page JA (1976) Cardiotoxicity of adriamycin and related anthracyclines. Cancer Treat Rep 3:111–120

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levy W (1982) Clinical evaluation of isoflurane. Cardiac arrhythmias. Can Anaesth Soc J 29:528

    Google Scholar 

  • Limas CJ, Guiha NH, Lekagul O, Cohn JN (1974) Impaired left ventricular function in alcoholic cirrhosis with ascites. Ineffectiveness of ouabain. Circulation 49:755

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindemann RD, Assenzo JR (1964) Correlation between water hardness and cardiovascular deaths in Oklahoma Counties. Am J Public Health 54:1071

    Google Scholar 

  • Linden V (1974) Vitamin D and myocardial infarction. Br Med J [Clin Res] 3:647

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lowe JE, Jennings RB, Reimer KA (1979) Cardiac rigor mortis in dogs. J Mol Cell Cardiol 11:1017–1031

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lown B, Wyatt NF, Levine AD (1960) Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with block. Circulation 21:129–134

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mann JI, Thorogood M (1975) Coffee drinking and myocardial infarction. Lancet II: 1215

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann JI, Inman WHW, Thorogood M (1976) Oral contraceptive use in older women and fatal myocardial infarction. Br Med J [Clin Res] 3:445

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin WB, Spodick DH, Zins GR (1980) Pericardial disorders occurring during open-label study of 1869 severely hypertensive patients treated with minoxidil. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol (Suppl 2) 2:217

    Google Scholar 

  • Martorana PA (1971) The role of cyclic AMP in isoprenaline-induced cardiac necroses in the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 23:200–203

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Masironi R (1970) Cardiovascular mortality in relation to radioactivity and hardness of local water supplies in the U.S.A. Bull WHO 43:687–692

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Massie B, Kramer B, Haughom F (1981) Postural hypotension and tachycardia during hydralazine isosorbide dinitrate therapy for chronic heart failure. Circulation 63:658

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matsumoto S, Ito T, Sada T et al. (1980) Haemodynamic effects of nifedipine in congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol 46:476

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matthews SJ, Michelson PA, Cersosimo RJ (1982) Cimetidine-induced sinus bradycardia. Clin Pharm 1:556

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mattig W, Radam R (1977) Todesfall nach Adrenalinanwendung unter Halothannarkose. Dtsch Gesundheitswes 32:953

    Google Scholar 

  • Meinertz T, Scholz H (1975 a) Herzschädigung durch Arzneistoffe, Genuß-und Umweltgifte Teil I. Herz Kreislauf 7 (7):335–340

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meinertz T, Scholz H (1975 b) Herzschädigung durch Arzneistoffe, Genuß-und Umweltgifte Teil II. Herz Kreislauf 7 (8):419–422

    Google Scholar 

  • Meinertz T, Scholz H (1975 c) Herzschädigung durch Arzneistoffe, Genuß-und Umweltgifte Teil III. Herz Kreislauf 7 (9): 472–474

    Google Scholar 

  • Meinertz T, Hofmann T, Kasper W, Treese N, Bechtold H, Stienen U, Pop T, Leitner ER von, Andresen D, Meyer J (1984) Significance of ventricular arrhythmias in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 53:902–907

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michael TAD, Aiwazzadeh S (1970) The effects of acute chloroquine poisoning with special reference to the heart. Am Heart J 79:831

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miettinen OS, Neff RK, Jick H (1976) Cigarette-smoking and nonfatal myocardial infarction: Rate ratio in relation to age, sex and predisposing conditions. Am J Epidemiol 103 (1):30–36

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moccetti T, Lichtlen P (1971) Herzveränderungen nach Phenothiazinen und Imipra-minabkömmlingen. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 96:1089

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moccetti T, Lichtlen P, Albert H et al. (1971) Kardiotoxizität der trizyklischen Antidepres-siva. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 101:1

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moir DC, Crooks J, Cornwall WB, O’Malley K, Dingwall-Fordyce I, Turnbull MJ, Weir RD (1979) Cardiotoxicity of amitriptyline. Lancet II:561

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan GW, Mcllveen BM, Freedman A, Murray PC (1981) Radionuclide ejection fraction in doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. Cancer Treat Rep 65:629

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morris J, Crawford MD, Heady JA (1961) Hardness of local water supplies and mortality from cardiovascular disease. Lancet I:860

    Google Scholar 

  • Mulcahy R (1964) The influence of water hardness and rainfall on the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality in Ireland. J Irish Med Ass 55:17

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naeye RL, Truong LD (1977) Effects of cigarette smoking on intramyocardial arteries and arterioles in man. Am J Clin Pathol 68:493–498

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nakano J, Moore SE (1972) Effect of different alcohols on the contractile force of the isolated guinea pig myocardium. Eur J Pharmacol 20:266–270

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nemerovski M, Shah PK (1981) Syndrome of severe bradycardia and hypotension following sublingual nitroglycerin administration. Cardiology 67:180

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oliver MF, Boyd GS (1961) Influence of reduction of serum lipids on prognosis and coronary heart disease: A five-year study using oestrogens. Lancet II:499

    Google Scholar 

  • Opie LH (1984) Calcium ions, drug action and the heart-with special reference to calcium antagonist drugs. Pharmacol Ther 25:271–295

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pachinger OM, Tillmanns H, Mao JC et al. (1973) Effect of prolonged administration of ethanol on cardiac metabolism and performance in the dog. J Clin Invest 52:2690

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Packer M, Meller J, Medina N (1981) Provocation of myocardial ischemic events during initiation of vasodilator therapy for severe chronic heart failure. Am J Cardiol 48:939

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patel AK, Skatrud JB, Thomsen H (1981) Cardiac arrhythmias due to oral aminophylline in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest 80:661

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paul O (1968) Stimulants and coronaries. Postgrad Med 44:196

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petiti DP, Wingerd J (1978) Use of oral contraceptives, cigarette smoking and risk of subarachnoid haemorrhage. Lancet II:234

    Google Scholar 

  • Piccinini F, Farelli L, Chiari MC (1977) Experimental investigations on the concentration induced by lead in arterial smooth muscle. Toxicology 8:43–49

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pick A, Langendorf R, Katz LN (1961) A-V nodal tachycardia with block. Circulation 24:12–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pinder RM, Brogden RN, Speight TM, Avery GS (1977) Viloxazine: A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in depressive illness. Drugs 13:401

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pine MB, Citron PD, Bailly DJ et al. (1982) Verapamil versus placebo in relieving stable angina pectoris. Circulation 65:12

    Google Scholar 

  • Piscatelli RL, Fox LM (1968) Myocardial injury from epinephrine overdosage. Am J Cardiol 21:735

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Podrid PJ, Schoeneberger A, Lown B (1980) Congestive heart failure caused by oral disopyramide. N Engl J Med 302:614–617

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poller L (1978) Oral contraceptives, blood clotting and thrombosis. Med Bull 34:151

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Price HL, Helrich M (1955) The effect of cyclopropane, diethyl ether, nitrous oxide, thiopental and hydrogen ion in the myocardial function of the dog heart/lung preparation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 115:206

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rajs J, Falconer B (1979) Cardiac lesions in iv drug addicts. Forensic Sci Int 13:193–209

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Regan TJ (1971) Ethyl alcohol and the heart. Circulation 44:957

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Regan TJ, Haider MD (1980) Ethanol abuse and heart disease. Am Heart Assoc (Suppl III) 64:14–19

    Google Scholar 

  • Regan TJ, Koroxenidis GJ, Moschos CB, Oldewurtel HA, Lehan PH, Hellems HK (1966) The acute metabolic and hemodynamic responses of the left ventricle to ethanol. J Clin Invest 45:270–280

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Regan TJ, Khan MI, Ettinger PO, Haider B, Lyons MM, Oldewurtel HA (1974) Myocardial function and lipid metabolism in the chronic alcoholic animal. J Clin Invest 54:740

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rehder K (1982) Clinical evaluation of isoflurane. Pulse and blood pressure. Can Anaesth Soc J 29:515

    Google Scholar 

  • Retig JN, Kirchberger MA, Rubin E, Katz AM (1977) Effects of ethanol on calcium transport by microsomes phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. Biochem Pharmacol 26:393

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riccioni N, Bartolomei C, Soldani S (1980) Prenylamine-induced ventricular arrhythmias and syncopal attacks with Q-T prolongation. Cardiology 66:199

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rickards AF, Smithen CS, Sowton E (1971) Hemodynamic effects of pentazocine following acute myocardial infarction. Ann Clin Res 3:199

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rios JC, Dziok CA, Ali NA (1970) Digitalis-induced arrhythmias: Recognition and management. Cardiovasc Clin 2:261–279

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robson RH, Fluck DC (1977) Smoking and catecholamine and c-AMP concentrations in the coronary circulation of man and the effect of oxprenolol. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 12:81–87

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rona G, Chappel CI, Balazs T, Gaudry R (1959) An infarct-like lesion and other toxic manifestations produced by isoproterenol in the rat. Arch Pathol Lab Med 67:443–453

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rona G, Kahn DS, Chappel CI (1963) Studies on infarct-like myocardial necrosis produced by isoproterenol: A review. Can Biol 22:241–255

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rubin JI, Rubin E (1982) Myocardial toxicity of alcohols, aldehydes and glycols, including alcoholic cardiomyopathy. In: Stee EW van (ed) Cardiovascular toxicology. Raven, New York, pp 353–363

    Google Scholar 

  • Rushmer RF, Van Citters RC, Franklin DL (1963) Some axioms, popular notions and misconceptions regarding cardiovascular control. Circulation 27:118

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ryden G (1977) The effect of salbutamol and terbutaline in the management of premature labour. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 56:293–296

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanani S, Spaulding MB, Masud ARZ, Canty R (1981) 5-FU cardiotoxicity. Cancer Treat Rep 65:1123

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarma JSM, Shigeaki I, Fisher R, Maruyama Y, Weishaar R, Bing RJ (1967) Biochemical and contractile properties of heart muscle after prolonged alcohol administration. J Moll Cell Cardiol 8:951

    Google Scholar 

  • Sartwell PE, Masi AT, Arthes FG et al. (1969) Thromboembolism and oral contraceptives: An epidemiological case-control study. Am J Epidemiol 90:365

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schanne FAX, Kane AB, Young EE, Farber JL (1979) Calcium dependence of toxic cell death: A final common pathway. Science 206:700–702

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schanzenbächer P, Göttfert G, Liebau G, Kochsiek K (1985) Coronary hemodynamic and metabolic effects of nifedipine in patients with coronary artery disease treated with beta-blocking drugs. Am J Cardiol 55:33–36

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scherf D, Cohen J, Shafiiha H (1967) Ectopic ventricular tachycardia, hypokalemia and convulsions in alcoholics. Cardiologia 50:129–139

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt W, Popham RE (1975, 1976) Heavy alcohol consumption and physical health problems: A review of the epidemiological evidence. Drug Alcohol Depend 1:27–50

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scholz H (1983) Calcium-Antagonisten in der Herztherapie. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 108:767–770

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scholz H, Meyer W (1986) Phosphodiesterase-inhibiting properties of newer inotropic agents. Circulation (Suppl III) 73:99–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Schou M (1984) Lithium. In: Dukes MNG (ed) Meyler’s side effects of drugs, 10th edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 62–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder HA (1960 a) Relations between hardness of water and death rates from certain chronic and degenerative diseases in the United States. J Chronic Dis 12:586

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder HA (1960 b) Relation between mortality from cardiovascular disease and treated water supplies. JAMA 172:1902

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder HA (1969) The water facts. N Engl J Med 280:836–841

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scott ME, Orr R (1969) Effects of diamorphine, methadone, morphine and pentazocine in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction. Lancet I:1065

    Google Scholar 

  • Seeverens H, Bruin CD de, Jordan JGM (1982) Myocarditis and methyldopa. Acta Med Scand 211:233

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Segel LD, Rendig SV, Choquet Y, Chacko K, Amsterdam EA, Mason DT (1975) Effects of chronic graded ethanol consumption on the metabolism, ultrastructure and mechanical function of the rat heart. Cardiovasc Res 9:649

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scigel DG, Markush RE (1969) Oral contraceptives and relative risk of death from venous and pulmonary thromboembolism in the United States. Am J Epidemiol 90:11

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharper AG (1974) Soft water heart attacks and stroke. JAMA 230:130

    Google Scholar 

  • Silverglade A (1971 a) Aerosols and aerosol propellants in asthma. JAMA 215:118

    Google Scholar 

  • Silverglade A (1971b) Cardiac toxicity of aerosol propellants. JAMA 215:1502–1503

    Google Scholar 

  • Silverglade A (1972) Cardiac toxicity of aerosol propellants. JAMA 222:827–829

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Silverglade A (1973) Propellant, a factor in asthma deaths? Br Med J [Clin Res] 4:235–236

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Silverglade A (1975) Letters: Aerosol propellants. JAMA 231:136

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singer K, Lundberg WB (1972) Ventricular arrhythmias associated with the ingestion of alcohol. Ann Intern Med 77:247–248

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sinha BK (1982) Myocardial toxicity of anthracyclines and other antitumor agents. In: Stee EW van (ed) Cardiovascular toxicology. Raven, New York, pp 181–192

    Google Scholar 

  • Slone D, Shapiro S et al. (1978) Relation of cigarette smoking to myocardial infarction in young women. N Engl J Med 298:1273–1276

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spain DM, Bradess VA (1970) Sudden death from coronary heart disease. Chest 58:107–110

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Speizer FE, Doll R, Heaf P (1968 a) Observations on recent increase in mortality from asthma. Br Med J [Clin Res] 1:335–339

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Speizer FE, Doll R, Heaf P, Strang LB (1968 b) Investigation into use of drugs preceding death from asthma. Br Med J [Clin Res] 1:339–343

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spiker DG, Weiss AN, Chang JS et al. (1975) Tricyclic antidepressant overdose: Clinical presentation and plasma levels. Clin Pharmacol Ther 18:539

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spodick DH, Pigott VM, Chirife R (1972) Preclinical cardiac malfunction in chronic alcoholism. Comparison with matched normal controls and with alcoholic cardiomy-opathy. N Engl J Med 287:677

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stephen SA (1966) Unwanted effects of propranolol. Am J Cardiol 18:463

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart CJ, Nunn AJ, Stableforth D, Somner AR (1981) Death in asthma: Disease or treatment. Lancet II:747

    Google Scholar 

  • Stewart IM, Marks JS (1977) E.C.G. abnormalities in steroid treated rheumatoid patients. Lancet II:1237

    Google Scholar 

  • Stolley PD, Tonascia JA, Tockman MS et al. (1975) Thrombosis with low-estrogen oral contraceptives. J Epidemiol Community Health 102:197

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stone PH, Antman EM, Muller JE et al. (1980) Calcium channel blocking agents in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. II. Haemodynamic effects and clinical applications. Ann Intern Med 93:886

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strauer BE (1974) Contractile effects of morphine and pentazocine on isolated ventricular myocardium. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 10:159

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strong JP, Richards ML (1976) Cigarette smoking and atherosclerosis in autopsied men. Atherosclerosis 23:451–476

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strong JP, McGill HC Jr, Richards ML (1966) Relationship between cigarette smoking habits and coronary atherosclerosis in autopsied males. Am Soc for the Study of Arteriosclerosis, 20th Annual Meeting Abstracts. Circulation 34:111–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Strong JP, Richards ML, McGill HC Jr, Eggen DA, McMurray MT (1969) On the association of cigarette smoking with coronary and aortic arteriosclerosis. J Atheroscler Res 10:303–317

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Szczeklik A, Nizankowski R, Uruk J (1977) Myocardial infarction in status asthmaticus. Lancet I:658–659

    Google Scholar 

  • Tangedahl TN, Gau G (1972) Myocardial irritability associated with lithium carbonate therapy. N Engl J Med 287:867

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor GJ, Harris WS (1970) Cardiac toxicity of aerosol propellants. JAMA 214:81–85

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor SH, Silke B (1981) Haemodynamic effects of beta-blockade in ischaemic heart failure. Lancet II:835

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiene G, Valente M, Cecchetto A, Giordano R, Pennelli N (1975) Myocellular necrosis by catecholamines in pheochromocytoma. G Ital Cardiol 5:779–783

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tilkian AG, Schroeder JS, Kao J, Hultgren H (1976) Effect of lithium on cardiovascular performance: Report on extended ambulatory monitoring and exercise testing before and during lithium therapy. Am J Cardiol 38:701–708

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tilkian AG, Schroeder JS, Hultgren H (1980) 15. Cardiotoxicity of lithium salts. In: Bristow MR (ed) Drug-induced heart disease. Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical, Amsterdam, pp 293–304

    Google Scholar 

  • Trimarco B et al. (1983) Disopyramide, mexiletine and procainamide in the long-term oral treatment of ventricular arrhythmias: Antiarrhythmic efficacy and hemodynamic effects. Curr Ther Res 33:472

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner PP (1963) The effects of emetine on the myocardium. Br Heart J 25:81

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tye KH, Desser KB, Benchimol A (1980) Angina pectoris associated with use of terbutaline for premature labor. JAMA 244:692–693

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ugoretz RJ (1976) Cardiac effects of doxorubicin therapy of neoplasm. JAMA 236:295–296

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Unverferth DV, Magorien RD, Unverferth BP et al. (1981) Human myocardial morphologic and functional changes in the first 24 hours after doxorubicin administration. Cancer Treat Rep 65:1093

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Veith RC, Friedel RO, Bloom V, Bielski R (1980) Electrocardiogram changes and plasma desipramine levels during treatment of depression. Clin Pharmacol Ther 27:796

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Velebit V et al. (1982) Aggravation and provocation of ventricular arrhythmias by an-tiarrhythmic drugs. Circulation 65:886

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verrier RL, Calvert A, Lown B (1975) Effect of posterior hypothalamic stimulation on ventricular fibrillation threshold. Am J Physiol 228:923–927

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vessey MP (1981) The Walnut Creek Contraceptive Drug Study. Br J Fam Plann 7:83

    Google Scholar 

  • Vessey MP, Doll R (1968) Investigation of relation between use of oral contraceptives and thromboembolic disease. Br Med J [Clin Res] 2:199

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vetter WR, Cohn LH, Reichgott M (1967) Hypokalemia and electrocardiographic abnormalities during acute alcohol withdrawal. Arch Intern Med 120:536–541

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vik T, Try K, Thelle DS, Forde OH (1979) Tromsö Heart Study: Vitamin D metabolism and myocardial infarction. Br Med J [Clin Res] 3:176

    Google Scholar 

  • Vliet P van, Burchell H, Titus J (1966) Focal myocarditis associated with pheochromocy-toma. N Engl J Med 274:1102–1108

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vohra J, Burrows G, Hunt D, Sloman G (1975) The effect of toxic and therapeutic doses of tricyclic antidepressant drugs on intracardiac conduction. Eur J Cardiol 3 (3): 219

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vohra JK (1980) 14. Cardiotoxicity of tricyclic antidepressants. In: Bristow MR (ed) Drug-induced heart disease. Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical, Amsterdam pp 279–291

    Google Scholar 

  • Wald N, Howard S, Smith PG, Kjeldsen K (1973) Association between atherosclerotic diseases and carboxyhemoglobin levels in tobacco smokers. Br Med J [Clin Res] 1:761–765

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watts DT (1960) The effect of nicotine and smoking on the secretion of epinephrine. Ann NY Acad Sci 90:74–80

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weir JM, Dunn JE Jr (1970) Smoking and mortality: A prospective study. Cancer 25:105–112

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss GB (1978) Calcium in drug action. Plenum, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Wellens HJ, Cats VM, Duren DR (1975) Symptomatic sinus node abnormalities following lithium carbonate therapy. Am J Med 49:285

    Google Scholar 

  • Werko L (1976) Risk factors and coronary heart disease — facts or fancy. Am Heart J 91:87–98

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wester HA, Mouselimis N (1982) Einfluß von Antiarrhythmika auf die Myokardfunktion. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 107:126

    Google Scholar 

  • White PD (1935) Coronary disease and coronary thrombosis in youth. J Med Soc NJ:596-605

    Google Scholar 

  • Wierzba K, Wankowicz A, Piekarczyk A, Danysz A (1983) Cytostatic and immunosup-pressive drugs. SEDA 7:425–449

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilhelmsson CE, Elmfeldt W, Vedin JA, Tibblin G, Wilhelmsson L (1975) Smoking and myocardial infarction. Lancet I:415–419

    Google Scholar 

  • William PL, Krafcik JM, Potter BB, Hearne MJ (1977) Cardiac toxicity of clonidine. Chest 72:784

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams JW, Tada M, Katz AM, Rubin E (1975) Effects of ethanol and acetaldehyde on the (Na+ + K+ )-activated ATPase activity of cardiac plasma membranes. Biochem Pharmacol 24:27–32

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson JD, Sutherland DC, Thomas AC (1981) Has the change to betablockers combined with oral theophylline increased cases of fatal asthma? Lancet I:1235

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson JR, Kraus ES, Bailas MM, Rakita L (1976) Reversible sinus node abnormalities due to lithium carbonate therapy. Am J Med 294:1223–1224

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Winsor T, Wright RW (1975) Isoproterenol toxicity. Am Heart J 89:814–817

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wisenberg G et al. (1984) Effects on ventricular function of disopyramide, procainamide and quinidine as determined by radionuclide angiography. Am J Cardiol 53:1292

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wishner SH, Kastor JA, Yurchak PM (1972) Double atrial and atrioventricular junctional tachycardia. N Engl J Med 287:552–553

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe JD, Tashkin DP, Calvarese B, Simmons M (1978) Bronchodilator effects of terbuta-line and aminophylline alone and in combination in asthmatic patients. N Engl J Med 298:363–367

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wong M (1973) Depression of cardiac performance by ethanol unmasked during autonomic blockade. Am Heart J 86:508

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Worthley LIG (1974) Lithium toxicity and refractory cardiac arrhythmia treated with intravenous magnesium. Anesth Intens Care 4:357–360

    Google Scholar 

  • Wrogman K, Pena S (1976) Mitochondrial calcium overload: A general mechanism for cell necrosis in muscle disease. Lancet I:672–674

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu CF, Sudhakar M, Jaferi G, Ahmed SS, Regan TJ (1976) Preclinical cardiomyopathy in chronic alcoholics: A sex difference. Am Heart J 91:281

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yagil Y, Kobrin I, Leibel B et al. (1982) Ischaemic ECG changes with mitral therapy in severe hypertension. Am Heart J 103:310

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yancey RS, Talpaz M (1982) Vindesine-associated angina and EÇG changes. Cancer Treat Rep 66:587

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yano K, Rhoads GG, Kagan A (1977) Coffee, alcohol and risk of coronary heart disease among Japanese men living in Hawaii. N Engl J Med 297:405

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ylikokkala O, Puolakka J, Viinakka L (1981) Oestrogen containing oral contraceptives decrease prostacyclin production. Lancet I:42

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. T. Meinertz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. Scholz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung Innere Medizin III — Kardiologie —, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Hugstetter Str. 55, D-7800, Freiburg, Deutschland

    Hanjörg Just  & W. Kasper  & 

  2. Kardiologische Universitätsklinik, Allgemeines Krankenhaus der Stadt Wien, Garnisongasse 13, A-1097, Wien, Österreich

    F. Kaindl  & H. Zilcher  & 

  3. Luitpold-krankenhaus, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, D-8700, Würzburg, Deutschland

    K. Kochsiek  & P. Schanzenbächer  & 

  4. II. Medizinische Klinik, Städtische Krankenanstalten Bielefeld-Mitte, Teutoburger Str. 50, D-4800, Bielefeld 1, Deutschland

    H. Kuhn

  5. Abteilung für Innere Medizin — Kardiologie — am Zentrum Innere Medizin, Philipps-Universität, Baidingerstraße, D-3550, Marburg, Deutschland

    B. Maisch

  6. II. Medizinische Klinik, Allgemeines Krankenhaus St. Georg, Lohmühlenstr. 5, D-2000, Hamburg 1, Deutschland

    Thomas Meinertz

  7. Zentralinstitut für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Wiltbergstr. 50, DDR-1115, Berlin-Buch, Deutschland

    H. R. Ruser

  8. Klinikum der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Langenbeckstr. 1, D-6500, Mainz 1, Deutschland

    Paul Schölmerich

  9. Abteilung Allgemeine Pharmakologie, Universitäts-Krankenhaus Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, D-2000, Hamburg 20, Deutschland

    H. Scholz

  10. Radiologische Klinik, Abteilung Strahlentherapie, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Hugstetter Str. 55, D-7800, Freiburg, Deutschland

    J. Slanina

  11. Genetische Beratungsstelle des Landes Rheinland-Pfalz, Hafenstr. 6, D-6500, Mainz 1, Deutschland

    U. Theile

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Meinertz, T., Scholz, H. (1989). Toxische Myokardschädigung. In: Just, H., et al. Myokarderkrankungen Perikarderkrankungen Herztumoren. Handbuch der inneren Medizin, vol 9 / 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95517-4_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95517-4_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-95518-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-95517-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation