Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Schilddrüsenhormonanaloge und -metaboliten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer klinischen Anwendung

  • Conference paper
Book cover Ergebnisse der Inneren Medizin und Kinderheilkunde

Part of the book series: Ergebnisse der Inneren Medizin und Kinderheilkunde ((KINDERHEILK. NF,volume 18))

Zusammenfassung

Sehr bald nach der Entdeckung des hohen Jodgehaltes der Schilddrüse durch Baumann (1896) hatte sich die Erkenntnis herausgeschält, daß das Thyreoglobulin im Kolloid der Schilddrüsenfollikel das Depot für das Hormon der Schilddrüse darstelle, und daß sein Jodgehalt gewissermaßen ein Index für seine Wirksamkeit bedeute. So wird auch heute noch in der USA-Pharmakopoe der Jodgehalt eines Schilddrüsentrockenpulvers als Maßstab für seine Reinheit angegeben; er muß mindestens 0,2% betragen, um als ausreichend wirksam akzeptiert zu werden. Oswald gelang es um 1910, aus dem Thyreoglobulin das Dijodtyrosin zu isolieren, während Kendall im Jahre 1916 die kristallinische Isolierung des Thyroxins durchführte. Aber erst als Harington (1927) das Thyroxin in seiner chemischen Struktur aufgeklärt hatte und ihm die Synthese des Thyroxins gelungen war, begann man in der Klinik exakte Werte für die Hormoneffekte in Relation zur Dosis zu gewinnen. Damals blieb es unerklärlich, daß Thyreoglobulin einen wesentlich stärkeren Hormoneffekt erreichte, als es seinem Thyroxingehalt entsprach — wobei sich auch hier die Ausgangslage des Grundumsatzes entsprechend dem Wilderschen Ausgangsgesetz als wesentlich erwies (Thompson C. S. 1935) —, so daß andere jodierte hormonwirksame Eiweißverbindungen postuliert wurden. Auch war es auffallend, daß Thyroxin nur in alkalischem Milieu wirksam wurde, weswegen besonders Thompson bei seinen systematischen Studien über den den Basalstoffwechsel steigernden Effekt des Thyroxins und anderer ihm ähnlicher Verbindungen die Notwendigkeit der Verwendung alkalischer Zusätze unterstrich (1934).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  1. Abderhalden, E.: Über den Einfluß der Ernährung und von Umweltfaktoren auf die Entwicklung von Kaulquappen. Pflügers Arch. ges. Physiol. 216, 749 (1927).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Abderhalden, E., u. E. Wertheimer: Studien über den Einfluß von Substitutionen im Thyroxinmolekül auf dessen Wirkung. Z. ges. exp. Med. 63, 556 (1928).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Abelin, I.: Die Physiologie der Schilddrüse. In Handbuch der Normalen und Pathologischen Physiologie 16, 94. Berlin: Springer 1930.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Abelin, I.: Die Hormone der Schilddrüse. In Fermente, Hormone, Vitamine (Ammon-Dirscherl). 3. Aufl. II., 77. Stuttgart: Thieme 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Albert, A., and F. R. Keating jr.: The role of the gastrointestinal tract including the liver in the metabolism of radiothyroxine. Endocrinology 51, 427 (1952).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Albright, E. C., and F. C. Larson: Metabolism of l-thyroxine by human tissue slices. J. clin. Invest. 38, 1899 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. K. Tomita and H. A. Lardy: Encymatic conversion of thyroxine and triiodothyronine to the corresponding acetic acid analogues. Endocrinology 59, 252 (1956).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Alexander, W. D., D. A. Koutras, W. W. Buchanam and J. Crooks: Effect of d-thyroxine on thyrotoxicosis and on the associated exophthalmos. Brit. med. J. 19611, 1194.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Anderson, A. B., C. R. Harington and D. M. Lion: The use of 3:5-Diiodothyronine in the treatment of myxoedema. Lancet 1933 II, 1081.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Aron, M.: Action de la préhypophyse sur la thyroïde chez le cobaye. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 102, 682 (1929).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ashley, J. N., and C. R. Harington: Some derivatives of thyroxine. Biochem. J. 22, 1436 (1928).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Asper jr., S. P.: Studies of thyroxine and some of its analogues. I. Introduction. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 102, 85 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Asper jr., S. P., H. A. S.lenkow and Ch. A. Plamondon: A comparison of the metabolic activities of 3,5,3’-l-triiododthyronine and l-thyroxine in myxedema. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 93, 164 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Asper jr., S. P., and J. G. Wiswell: Physiology and treatment of myxedema. Amer. J. Med. 20, 732 (1956).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Astwood, E. B., and A. Bissel: Effect of thiouracil on the iodine content of the thyroid gland. Endocrinology 34, 282 (1944).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. J. Sullivan, A. Bissel and R. Tyslowitz: Action of certain sulfonamides and of thiourea upon the function of the thyroid of the rat. Endocrinology 32, 210 (1943).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Bansi, H. W.: Das Kropfproblem. Heilkunde 1952, 77. — Krankheiten der Schilddrüse. In Handb. inn. Med. 4. Aufl. VII. Teil 1, 457. Berlin-Göttingen-Heidelberg: Springer 1955.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Bansi, H. W.: Zur Pathogenese, Pathophysiologie und Klinik der Hypothyreosen. Münch, med. Wschr. 97, 1130 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Bansi, H. W.: Augenblicklicher Stand der Jodmangeltheorie des Kropfes. Schweiz, med. Wschr. 1958, 25.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Bansi, H. W.: Trijodthyronin und Trijodthyroessigsäure in Diagnostik und Therapie, vor allem der Schilddrüsenerkrankungen. Dtsch. med. J. 9, 414 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Bansi, H. W.: Neue Ziele der Hormonbehandlung. Med. Klin. 1959, 673.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Bansi, H. W.: Hypothyreosen—Strumen — Thyreoiditiden. Verh. dtsch. Ges. inn. Med. 66, 103 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Bansi, H. W.:, M. L. Arnal, Ch. Brüggemann u. G. Zielinski: Kritisches zur Radiojoddiagnostik der

    Google Scholar 

  24. Schilddrüsenkrankheiten. Wie manifestiert sich klinisch eine erhöhte Jodgier der Schilddrüse bei normalem Hormonumschlag? Münch, med. Wschr. 99, 410 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  25. F. Fretwurst u. R. T. Gronow: Zur klinischen Chemie der Hypothyreosen. Zugleich ein Beitrag zur Wirkung des Trijodthyronins. II. Mitt. Die elektrophoretische Untersuchung der Serumproteine und -lipoide und deren Beeinflussung durch Trijodthyronin. Klin. Wschr. 1956, 39.

    Google Scholar 

  26. J. Meier: Der Einfluß von Trijodthyronin auf den Wasser-, Salz- und Stickstoff- haushalt bei Adipösen. Klin. Wschr. 35, 1053 (1957).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. J. Meier, u. J. M. Olsen: Hormonwirkungen der Trijodthyroessigsäure, untersucht bei Adipösen und Myxödemkranken. Klin. Wschr. 1959, 1109.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Trijodthyroessigsäure im Vergleich zum Trijodthyronin. Med. Klin. 1959, 2115.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Water retention in obesity. Acta endocr. (Kbh.) 32, 113 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Barker, S. B.: Metabolie actions of thyroxine derivates and analogs. Endocrinology 59, 548 (1956).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Barker, S. B.:In vitro action of thyroxine analogs and malate oxidation. Endocrinology 61, 534 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Barker, S. B.:Cellular actions of thyroxine and similar compounds. Ciba Found. Colloqu. 10, 253 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  33. Barker, S. B., and W. J. Lewis: Metabolic actions of acetic acid analogs of thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 91, 650 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Barker, S. B.:, C. S. Pittman, J. A. Pittman jr. and S. R. Hill jr.: Thyroxine antagonism by partially iodinated thyronines and analogues. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sei. 86, Art. 2, 545 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  35. Bauer, H. G., Th. H. McGavack and L. Swell: Depression of the serum cholesterol level by triiodothyropropionic acid. J. clin. Endoer. 19, 490 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Baumann, E. J.: Über das normale Vorkommen des Jods in Tierkörpern. III. Der Jodgehalt der Schilddrüsen von Menschen und Tieren. Hoppe Seylers Z. physiol. Chem. 22, 1 (1896).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Barker, S. B., N. Metzger and D. Marine: Mode of action of thiourea on thyroid gland of rabbits. Endocrinology 34, 44 (1944).

    Google Scholar 

  38. Benua, R. S., R. D. Leeper, S. Kumaoka and R. W. Rawson: Metabolic effects of thyroxine analogues in human myxedema. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sei. 86, Art. 2, 563 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  39. Béraud, Th.: Etudes biochimiques des hormones thyroïdiennes en pathologie humaine. Acta endocr. (Kbh.) 35, Suppl. 55, 7 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  40. Béraud, Th., et A. Vannotti: Au sujet de la déjoduration in vitro de la thyroxine dans différents tissus chez le rat. Schweiz, med. Wschr. 1957, 56.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Berson, S. A., and R. S. Yalow: Quantitative aspects of iodine metabolism. The exchangeable organic iodine pool, and the rates of thyroidal secretion, peripherical degradation and fecal excretion of endogenously synthesized organically bound iodine. J. clin. Invest. 33, 1533 (1954).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Best, M. M., and Ch. H. Duncan: Effect of tetraiodothyroformic acid on oxygen consumption of the cholesterol-thiouracil-fed rat. Amer. J. Physiol. 196, 857 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Thyroidhormones and cholesterol metabolism: Effects of side-chain substitutions. Circulation 20, 982 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  44. Effect of certain thyroxine analogues on liver cholesterol. Amer. J. Physiol. 199, 1000 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  45. Comparative effects of thyroxine analogues as hypocholesteremic agents. Circulation 24, 58 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  46. Blackburn, Ch. M., W. M. McConahay, F. R. Keating jr. and A. A.bert: Calorigenic effects of single intravenous doses of l-triiodothyronine in myxedematous persons. J. clin. Invest. 33, 819 (1954).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Blohmke, M.: l-3,5,3’-Trijodthyronin. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 1957, 1432.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Bowers, C. Y.: Metamorphosis and I131 uptake in the tadpole as influenced by d-thyroxine. In: Symposium Sodium d-thyroxine. 29. Baxter Labor. Inc. 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Boyd, G. S., and M. F. Oliver: Various effects of thyroxine analogues on the heart and serumcholesterol in the rat. J. Endocr. 21, 25 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. The effect of certain thyroxine analogues on the serum lipids in human subjects. J. Endocr. 21, 33 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  51. Brodie, B. B., E. Y. Berger, J. Axelrod, M. F. Dunning, Y. Porosovsky and G. Strech: Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 77, 794 (1951).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Bronk, J. R.: The influence of thyroxine and related compounds on oxydative rate and efficiency of phosphorylation in liver mitochondria and submitochondrial particles. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sei. 86, Art. 2, 494 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  53. Brown-Grant, K.: A comparison of thyroxine and triiodothyronine as inhibitors of pituitary thyrotrophic hormone secretion in the rabbit. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 127, 352 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Brügel, H., u. G. Riehm: Zur Behandlung der Adipositas mit Trijodthyronin. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 1956, 946.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Bruice, Th. C., R. J. Winzler and N. Kharasch: The thyroxine-like activity of some new thyroxine analogues in amphibia. J. biol. Chem. 210, 1 (1954).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Cameron, A. T., and J. Carmichael: Contributions to the biochemistry of iodine. IV. The effect of thyroxine on growth in white rats and in rabbits. J. biol. chem. 46, 35 (1921).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Church, G., T. D. V. Lawrie and R. Pirrie: The effect of triiodothyroacetic acid on serum cholesterol and phospholipids in patients with coronary diseases. Scot. med. J. 2, 293 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Cohen, B. M., and I. L. Bindelglass: Sodium d-thyroxine in the therapy of hypercholesterolemia. Clin. Med. 7, 1781 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  59. Cord ay, E., H. Jaffe and D. W. Irwing: Hypocholesterolemic effect of tetraiodothyroformic acid on brittle coronary patients. Arch, intern. Med. 106, 809 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Cortell, R. E.: The antithyroxine activity of thyroxine analogues. J. clin. Endocrin. 9, 955 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Cortell, R. E., and R. W. Rawson: The effect of thyroxine on the response of thyroid gland to thyrotropic hormone. Endocrinology 35, 488 (1944).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Courrier, R., A. Horeau, M. Marois et F. Morel: Sur la pénétration de la thyroxine dans le lobe postérieur de l’hypophyse. C. R. Acad. Sei. (Paris) 332, 776 (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  63. Cortell, R. E., J. Roche, 0. Michel, R. Michel et R. A. Colonge: Sur la régulation hormonale de la fixation thyroïdienne des iodures et sur la pénétration des hormones thyroïdiennes dans l’hypophyse. Bull. Soc. Chim. biol. (Paris) 38, 1245 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  64. Crandall, L. A., and L. X. Anderson: Amer. J. dig. Dis. 1, 126 (1934).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Crispell, K. R., G. A. Williams, W. Parson and H. Hollifield: Metabolic studies in myxedema following administration of l-triiodothyronine. J. clin. Endocrin. 17, 221 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Crooks, J., E. J. Wayne and R. A. Robb: A clinical method of assessing the results of therapy in thyrotoxicosis. Lancet 1960 I, 397.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Cruchaud, S., C. Mahaim, B. Scazziga et A. Vannotti: Fonction thyroïdienne et néphrose lipoïdique. Schweiz, med. Wschr. 1954, 478.

    Google Scholar 

  68. H. W., and c. N. Rice: The metabolism of tetraiodothyroformic-J131 acid in the rat. Endocrinology 67, 563 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  69. Delmez, J. P., et E. Engel: Essai de traitement de l’hypercholestérolémie par la l-triodo- thyronine. Schweiz, med. Wschr. 1957, 133.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Deltour, G., et J. Bekaert: Effet de la l–3,5,3’-trnodothyronine sur un cas de myxoedème congénital. Ann. Endoer. (Paris) 14, 87 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Dempsey, E. L., and E. B. Astwood: Determination of rate of thyroid hormone secretion at various environmental temperatures. Endocrinology 32, 509 (1943).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Doerr, W., u. K. Holld ack: Über das Myxödemherz. Virchows Arch. path. Anat. 315, 653 (1948).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Donhoffer, Sz.: The immediate action of triiodothyronine on the metabolic rate of hypo- physectomized and intact rats. Acta physiol. (Budapest) 10, 131 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Doniach, D., R. V. Hudson, W. R. Trotter and A. Waddams: Effect of thyroxine, triiodothyronine and triac on metabolic rate, blood lipids, thyroid size and function in subjects with non toxic goitre. Clin. Sei. 17, 519 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Dresner, S., and N. C. Schneeberg: Rapid radioiodine suppression test using triiodothyronine. J. clin. Endoer. 18, 797 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Duncan, Ch. H., and M. M. Best: Thyroxine-like compounds and cholesterol metabolism: Differences in the effects of thyroxine, triiodothyronine and their formic acid analogues. Endocrinology 63, 169 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Dunn, J. T., and J. B. Stanbury: Metabolism of 3:3’: 5’-triiodothyronine in man. J. clin. Endoer. 18, 713 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Dyson, A., and M. W. W. Wood: Triiodothyronine in myxoedema coma. Lancet 1956 II, 757.

    Google Scholar 

  79. Eger, W., H. Kleinsorg u. G. Salmon: Der Einfluß von Thyroxin und Trijodthyronin auf die nach Gaben von antithyreoidalen Substanzen aktivierte Hypophyse. Klin. Wschr. 1960, 666.

    Google Scholar 

  80. Endres,W.,u. G. Stötter: Klinische Erfahrungen mit Trijodthyronin. Medizinische 1959, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  81. Eppinger, H.: Zur Pathologie und Therapie des menschlichen Ödems. Berlin 1917.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Fink, K., and R. M. Fink: The formation of monoiodotyrosine from radioiodine in thyroid of rat and man. Science 108, 358 (1948).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Fink, R. M., C. E. Dent and K. Fink: Application of filterpaper partition chromatography to radioactive tracer studies. Nature (Lond.) 160, 801 (1947).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Flock, E. V., J. L. Bollman and J. H. Grindlay: Metabolites of radioactive l-thyroxine and l-triiodothyronine. Endocrinology 61, 461 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Flock, E. V., J. L. Bollman and J. H. Grindlay: 3,3’-Diiodothyronine, a metabolite of 3,5,3’ -triiodothyronine. Proc. Mayo Clin. 35, 75 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Flock, E. V., J. L. Bollman and J. H. Grindlay: Conjugates of triiodothyronine and its metabolites. Endocrinology 67, 419 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Ford, D. H., K. R. Corey and J. Gross: Localization of thyroid hormones in the organs and tissues of the guinea pig. Endocrinology 61, 426 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Freyschmidt, P.: Zur klinischen Differenzierung der Schilddrüsenhyperplasie mit erhöhter Jodaktivität und normaler Hormoninkretion. Verh. dtsch. Ges. inn. Med. 66, 327 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  89. Frieden, E., and R. J. Winzler: The thyroxine-like activity of compounds structurally related to thyroxine. J. biol. chem. 176, 155 (1948).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Furth, J., J. N. Dent, W. T. Burnett jr. and E. L. Gadsden: The mechanism of induction and the characteristics of pituitary tumors induced by thyroidectomy. J. clin. Endocrin. 15, 91 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  91. Gabrilove, J. L., A. S. Alvarez and J. Churg: Generalized and localized (pretibial) myxedema: effect of thyroid analogues and adrenal glucocorticoids. J. clin. Endocrin. 20, 825 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Gaddum, J. H.: Quantitative observations on thyroxine and allied substances. I. The use of tadpoles. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 64, 246 (1927/28); II. Effects on the oxygen consumption of rats. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 68, 383 (1928/29).

    Google Scholar 

  93. Gauwerky, F.: Zur erhöhten Jodavidität der Schilddrüse ohne echte Überfunktion. Yerh. dtsch. Ges. inn. Med. 63, 620 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  94. Gauwerky, F., W. Leppin u. H. Stahlbock: Erfahrungen mit der diagnostischen und therapeutischen Anwendung von Radiojod bei Schilddrüsenpatienten. Verh. dtsch. Ges. inn. Med. 66, 137 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  95. Gennes, L. de, G. Deltotjr et J. Leprat: Effet de la l - 3,5,3 ‘ -trijodothyronine sur dix cas d’insufficiance thyroïdienne. Presse méd. 1953, 1119.

    Google Scholar 

  96. Girkin, G., and R. F. Kampschmidt: Studies on the effect of thyroxine administration on catalase activity. Endocrinology 67, 839 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Gorbman, A.: Tumorous growth in the pituitary and trachea following radiotoxic dosages of I131. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 71, 237 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Graeff, J. de, C. L. Wicht and A. Querido: Metabolic effects of intravenous triiodothyro- acetic acid in primary myxedema. J. clin. Endocrin. 17, 328 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  99. Greene, R., and H. E. A. Farran: The physiological activity of d-Thyroxine. Brit. med. J. 1958 II, 1057.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Greene, R., and H. E. A. Farran, J. F. Pearce and D. F. Rideout: Effect of d-thyroxine on serum cholesterol. Brit. med. J. 19011, 1572.

    Google Scholar 

  101. Greer, M. A.: The effect on endogenous thyroid activity of feeding desiccated thyroid to normal human subjects. New Engl. J. Med. 244, 385 (1951).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Greene, R., and H. E. A. Farran, and G. E. Smith: Method for increasing accuracy of I131 uptake as test of thyroid function by use of desiccated thyroid. J. clin. Endoer. 14, 1374 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  103. Gregoire, P. E., Fr. Goossens, R. Messin et P. A. Bastenie: Traitement de l’hypothyroïdie par d-thyroxine. Schweiz, med. Wschr. 91, 1017 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Griesbach, W. E., T. H. Kennedy and H. D. Purves: The effect of goitrogenic diet on hypo- physectomized rats. Brit. J. exp. Path. 22, 249 (1941).

    Google Scholar 

  105. The physiological activity of the steroisomers of thyroxine. Endocrinology 44, 445 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  106. Griesbach, W. E., T. H. Kennedy and H. D. Purves, and H. D. Purves: The significance of the basophil changes in the pituitary accompanying various forms of thyroxine deficiency. Brit. J. exp. Path. 26, 13 (1945).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Gross, J., and R. Pitt-Rivers: The identification of 3,5,3’-l-trnodothyronine in human plasma. Lancet 19521, 439.

    Google Scholar 

  108. Gross, J., and R. Pitt-Rivers: 3,5,3’-l-triiodothyronine. II. Physiological activity. Biochem. J. 53, 652 (1953).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. W. R. Trotter: Effect of 3,5,3’-l-triiodothyronine in myxedema. Lancet 1952 I, 1044.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Gundernatsch, J. F.: Fütterungsversuche an Amphibienlarven. Zbl. Physiol. 26, 323 (1912); s. a. Arch. Entwickl.-Mech. Org. 35, 457 (1912).

    Google Scholar 

  111. Halmi, N. S., and R. G. Stuelke: Problems of thyroidal self-regulation. Metabolism 5, 647 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  112. Harington, C. R.: Chemistry of thyroxine. II. Isolation of thyroxine from the thyroid gland. Biochem. J. 20, 293 (1926).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Harington, C. R., and G. Barger: Chemistry of thyroxine. III. Constitution and synthesis of thyroxine. Biochem. J. 21, 169 (1927).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Hatfield, W. B., F. F. Davidoff, J. E. Ross and D. F. Tapley: The physiological disposition in the rat of the acetic and propionic acid analogues of thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Endocrinology 66, 676 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Heimeier, M., u. H. Kleinsorg: Zur Wirkung von Thyroxin und Trijodthyronin auf die durch antithyreoidale Substanzen aktivierte Schilddrüse. Klin. Wschr. 37, 1088 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Herring: Zit. nach Cortell and Rawson; s. d.

    Google Scholar 

  117. Hill jr., S. R., S. B. Barker, J. H. McNeil, J. O. Tingley and L. L.Hibbett: The metabolic effects of the acetic and propionic acid analogues of thyroxine and triiodothyronine. J. clin. Invest. 39, 523 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Hillmann, G.: Zum Mechanismus der Biosynthese des Thyroxins. Z. Naturforsch. 11 b, 424 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  119. Hillmann, G.: Biosynthese und Stoffwechselwirkungen der Schilddrüsenhormone. Stuttgart: Thieme 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  120. Hillmann, G.:, B. Keil u. P. Taslimi: Z. Naturforsch, (im Druck).

    Google Scholar 

  121. Hohlweg, W., u. K. Junkmann: Über die Beziehungen zwischen Hypophysenvorderlappen und Schilddrüse. Pflügers Arch. ges. Physiol. 232, 148 (1933).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Horst, W.: Neue Ergebnisse der Anwendung von J131 in Diagnostik und Therapie von Schilddrüsenerkrankungen. Verh. dtsch. Ges. Verd.- u. Stoffwechselkr. 17, 152 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  123. Hillmann, G.: Klinische Radiojoddiagnostik der Schilddrüsenerkrankungen. In: Strahlenbiologie, Strahlentherapie, Nuklearmedizin und Krebsforschung. Stuttgart: Thieme 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  124. Hillmann, G.:, A. Jores u. C. Schneider: Strahlenbehandlung euthyreoter Strumen mit Radiojod J131. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 1960, 723.

    Google Scholar 

  125. Hoskins, E. R., and M. M. Hoskins (zit. nach Pitt-Rivers u. Tata). Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 14, 124 (1917).

    Google Scholar 

  126. Hurxthal, L. M.: Blood cholesterol in thyroid disease. Myxedema and hypercholesterolemia. Arch, intern. Med. 53, 762 (1934).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Ibbertson, K., R. Fraser and D’ Alldis: Rapidly acting thyroid hormones and their cardiac action. Brit. med. J. 1959II, 52.

    Google Scholar 

  128. Janssen, S., u. A. Loeser: Die Wirkung des Hypophysenvorlappens auf die Schilddrüse. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 163, 517 (1931).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Jensen, J. M., and D. E. Clark: Localisation of radioactive l-thyroxine in the neurohypophysis. J. Lab. clin. Med. 38, 663 (1951).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Joliot, F., R. Courrier, A. Horeatj et P. Süe: Sur l’obtention de la thyroxine marquée par le radioiode et son comportement dans l’organisme. C. R. Acad. Sei. (Paris) 218, 769 (1944).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Jouan, P., C. Hazard, J. Pailheret et F. Barré: Action de l’acide 3,5,3’ triiodo- thyroacétique sur le taux du cholestérol sanguin. Ann. Endoer. (Paris) 19, 473 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Kendall, E. C.: The isolation of cristalline form of the compound containing iodine which occurs in the thyroid; its chemical nature and physiological activity. Trans. Ass. Amer. Phys. 30, 420 (1915).

    Google Scholar 

  133. Kennedy, T. H., and H. D. Purves: Studies on experimental goitre. I. The effect of brassica seed diets on rats. Brit. J. exp. Path. 22, 241 (1941).

    Google Scholar 

  134. Kessler, F. J., u. H. L. Krüskemper: Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Wirkung von Thyroxin, Trijodthyronin, Trijodthyroessigsäure und Trijodthyropropionsäure. Acta endoer. (Kbh.) 1962, im Druck.

    Google Scholar 

  135. Klein, E.: Ein zweites Schilddrüsenhormon: Trijodthyronin. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 1954, 1461.

    Google Scholar 

  136. Klein, E.: Der endogene Jodhaushalt des Menschen und seine Störungen. Stuttgart: Thieme 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  137. Klein, E.: Der Einfluß von Trijodthyropropionsäure und Trijodthyroessigsäure auf den Jodumsatz der Schilddrüse des Menschen. Klin. Wschr. 38, 331 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Kleinsorg, H., u. H. Kuhlmann: Zur Stellung der Trijodthyropropionsäure und Trijodthyroessigsäure in der Korrelation zwischen Hypophyse und Schilddrüse. Klin. Wschr. 1961, 701.

    Google Scholar 

  139. Kollmann, M.: Quelques précisions sur l’accélération de la métamorphose des batraciens anoures sous l’influence de l’extrait de thyroïde. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 82, 1009 (1919).

    Google Scholar 

  140. Krüskemper, H. L., F. J. Kessler u. M. Schigger: Der Einfluß von Thyroxin, Trijodthyronin, Trijodthyroessigsäure und Trijodthyropropionsäure auf die Gewebsatmung, das Nebennierengewicht und den Desoxyribonucleinsäure-Gehalt der Nebenniere. Z. ges. exp. Med. 135, 266 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  141. Kühne, P., u. H. Billion: Die kompensierte (aktive) Hyperplasie der Schilddrüse und ihre Radiojoddiagnostik. Ärztl. Forsch. 9, 204 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  142. Kumaoka, S., W. L. Money and R. W. Rawson: The effect of thyroxine analogues on a transplantable mouse pituitary tumor. Endocrinology 66, 32 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Kuschinsky, G.: Über die Bedingungen der Sekretion des thyreotropen Hormons der Hypophyse. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 170, 510 (1933).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Lardy, H., K. Tomita, F. C. Larson and E. Albright: The metabolism of thyroid hormones by kidney and the biological activity of the products. Ciba Found. Coll. 10.: Regulation and mode of action of thyroid hormones 156 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  145. Larson, F. C., and E. C. Albright: Distribution of 3,5,3’-Triiodothyroacetic acid in the rat. Endocrinology 68, 183 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  146. Lassiter, W. C., and J. B. Stanbtjry: The in vivo conversion of thyroxine to 3,5,3’-triiodo- thyronine. J. clin. Endoer. 18, 903 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Leeper, R. D., A. W. Mead, W. L. Money and R. W. Rawson: Metabolic effects and therapeutic applications of triiodothyropropionic acid. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 2, 13 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Leeper, R. D., A. W. Mead, W. L. Money and R. W. Rawson, R. S. Bentja, J. L. Brener and R. W. R.wson: Hyperuricemia in myxedema. J. clin. Endoer. 20, 1457 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Leeper, R. D., A. W. Mead, W. L. Money and R. W. Rawson, and R. W. Rawson: Pharmacologic effects and therapeutic possibilities provided by triiodothyropropionic acid and other analogues of thyroxine. Med. Clin. N. Amer. 45, 1067 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Lelong, M., R. Joseph, P. Canlorge, G. Deltour, P. Borniche et R. Scholler: Le traitement du myxoedème congénital par le dl-3,5,3’-triiodothyronine. Sem. Hôp. ( Paris ) 1956, 1777.

    Google Scholar 

  151. Lerman, J.: Dissociation of response to triiodothyroacetic acid in myxedema: comparison with response to thyroid substance. J. clin. Endoer. 21, 1044 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Lerman, J., C. R. Harington and J. H. Means: The physiologic activity of some analogues of thyroxine. J. clin. Endoer. 12, 1306 (1952).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Lerman, J., and R. Pitt-Rivers: Physiologic activity of triiodo- and tetraiodothyroacetic acid in human myxedema. J. clin. Endoer. 16, 1470 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Lissitzky, S., and S. Bouchilliotjx: Encymic aspects of thyronine and its iodinated derivatives. In Ciba Found. Colloqu. 10, 135 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  155. Loeb, L., and R. B. Basett: Effect of hormones of pituitary anterior on thyroid gland in the guinea-pig. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 26, 860 (1929).

    Google Scholar 

  156. Loeser, A., H. Ruland u. V. M. Trikojus: Eigenschaften und biologische Wirkungen von Derivaten (Äthern) des Thyroxins, Dijodthyronins und Dijodtyrosins. Naunyn-Schmiede- berg’s Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 189, 664 (1938).

    Google Scholar 

  157. Loeser, A., u. V.M. Trikojus: Zur Pharmakologie des Thyroxamins. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 191, 563 (1939).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Mackay, I. R., A. J. Goble and Fay Sparkes: The effect of triiodothyroacetate (Triac) in hypercholesterolemia. Med. J. Aust. 44, 571 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Mackenzie, C. G., and J. B. Mackenzie: Effect of sulfonamides and thioureas on the thyroid gland and basal metabolism. Endocrinology 32, 185 (1943).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Malamos, B., G. Daikos and V. Samara: Der diagnostische Wert des Trijodthyroninhem- mungstestes. Klin. Wschr. 1958, 5.

    Google Scholar 

  161. Maley, G. F., and H. A. Lardy: Metabolie effects of thyroid hormones in vitro. II. J. biol. Chem. 204, 435 (1953).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Efficiency of phosphorylation in selected oxydations by mitrochondria from normal and

    Google Scholar 

  163. thyrotoxic rat livers. J. biol. Chem. 215, 377 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  164. Martius, C., u. B. Hess: Über den Wirkungsmechanismus des Schilddrüsenhormons. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 216, 45 (1952).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Über den Wirkungsmechanismus des Schilddrüsenhormons. Biochem. Z. 326, 191 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  166. McClure, J., R. R. de Mowbray and I. C. Gilliland: The effects of 3,5-Diiodo-d-thyronine on serumcholesterol. J. Endocr. 22, 87 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Michel, R.: Thyroid. Ann. Rev. Physiol. 18, 457 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Michel, R.:, and R. Pitt-Rivers: The relative potencies of thyroxine and triiodothyronine analogues in vivo. Biochim. biophys. Acta 24, 213 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Money, W. L., S. Kumaoka, R. W. Rawson and R. L. Kroc: Comparative effects of thyroxine analogues in experimental animals. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sei. 86, Art. 2, 512 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  170. R. I. Meltzer, J. Young and R. W. Rawson: The effect of change in chemical structure of some thyroxine analogues on the metamorphosis of rana pipiens tadpoles. Endocrinology 63, 20 (1958).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  171. Morton, D. L., N. L. Petrakis and D. A. Wood: A preliminary report on the effect of thyroid analogues in neoplastic diseases in man. J. nat. Cancer Inst. 22, 543 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Morton, M. E., and I. L. Chaikoff: The formation in vitro of thyroxine and diiodotyrosine by thyroid tissue with radioactive iodine as indicator. J. biol. Chem. 147, 1 (1943).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  173. Morton, M. E., I. Perlman and I. L. Chaikoff: Radioactive iodine as an indicator of the metabolism of iodine. III. J. biol. Chem. 140, 603 (1941).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. E. Anderson and J. L. Chaikoff: Radioactive iodine as an indicator of the metabolism of iodine. V. The effects of hypophysectomy on the distribution of labeled thyroxine and diiodotyrosine in the thyroid gland and plasma. Endocrinology 30, 495 (1943).

    Google Scholar 

  175. Moses, C., and T. S. Danowski: Hormonal factors in the partition of lipoprotein cholesterol in healthy subjects. Circulation 20, 988 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  176. Moses, C., and T. S. Danowski, and J. E. Rall: Radioiodine equilibrium studies of thyroid and blood. Endocrinology 68, 309 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  177. Mussett, M. Y., and R. Pitt-Rivers: The physiologic activity of thyroxine and triiodothyronine analogs. Metabolism 6, 18 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. Newcomer, W. S.: Relative potencies of thyroxine and triiodothyronine based on various criteria in thiouracil-treated chickens. Amer. J. Physiol. 190, 413 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Newcomer, W. S., and P. A. Barrett: Effects of various analogues of thyroxine on oxygen uptake of cardiac muscle from chicks. Endocrinology 66, 409 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. Niemann, C.: Thyroxine and related compounds. Fortschr. Chem. org. Naturst. 7, 167 (1950).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Oddie, T. H., F. F. Rtjndle, I. D. Thomas, I. Hales and B. Catt: Quantitative observations with the thyroxine suppression test of thyroid function. J. clin. Endocr. 20, 1146 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  182. Oliver, M. F., and G. Boyd: The influence of triiodothyroacetic acid on the circulating lipids and lipoproteins in euthyroid men with coronary disease. Lancet 1957 I, 124.

    Google Scholar 

  183. Reduction of serum-cholesterol by dextro-thyroxine in men with coronary heart disease. Lancet 19611, 783.

    Google Scholar 

  184. Pittman, C. S., and S. B. Barker: Antithyroxine effects of some thyroxine analogues. Amer. J. Physiol. 197, 1271 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Pittman, C. S., and S. B. Barker, H. Shida and S. B. Barker: Effects of methyl group substitution for iodine on metabolic activity of thyroxine, triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyropropionic acid. Endocrinology 68, 248 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. J. O. Tingle y, J. F. Nickerson and S. Richardson Hill jr.: Antimetabolic activity of 3,3–5’-Triiodo-dl-th;p)nine. Metabolism 9, 293 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  187. Pitt-Rivers, R.: Physiological activity of the acetic-acid analogues of some iodinated thyronines. Lancet 1953 II, 234.

    Google Scholar 

  188. Pitt-Rivers, R. Metabolic effects of compounds structurally related to thyroxine in vivo: Thyronine derivatives. J. clin. Endocr. 14, 1444 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  189. Pitt-Rivers, R. Les activités biologiques des hormones thyroïdiennes et de leur dérivés. Helv. Med. Acta 24, 169 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  190. Pitt-Rivers, R. Synthesis and physiological activity of some new analogues of thyroxine. Endocrinology 66, 628 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  191. Pitt-Rivers, R.: Advances in thyroid research. Transactions of the fourth international goitre conference. New York and Paris: Pergamon Press Oxford, London 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  192. Pitt-Rivers, R.: General discussion. In Ciba Foundation colloquia on Endocrinology 10, 204 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  193. Pitt-Rivers, R.:, and J. Lerman: The physiological activity of the optically active isomers of thyroxine. J. Endocr. 5, 223 (1948).

    Google Scholar 

  194. J. R. Tata: The Thyroid Hormones. New York, Paris, Los Angeles: Pergamon Press London 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  195. Plamondon, Ch. A., H. A. Selenkow, J. G. Wiswell and S. P. Asper jr.: Studies of thyroxine and some of its analogues. II. The antigoitrogenic properties of thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 102, 88 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. J. G. Wiswell and S. P. Asper jr.: Studies of thyroxine and some of its analogues. IV. The metabolic activity of 2’,6’-dl-Diiodothyronine. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 102, 107 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  197. Purves, H. D., and W. E. Griesbach: Observations on the acidophil cell changes in the pituitary in thyroxine deficiency states. I. Acidophil degranulation in relation to goitrogenic agents and extrathyroidal thyroxine synthesis. Brit. J. exp. Path. 27, 170 (1946).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  198. The effect of thyroid administration on the thyrotropic activity of the rat pituitary. Endocrinology 89, 276 (1946).

    Google Scholar 

  199. Querido, A., J- B. Stanbury, A. A. H. Kassenaar and J. W. A. Meijer: The metabolism of diiodotyrosines. III. Diiodo tyrosine deshaloginating activity of human thyroid tissue. J. clin. Endocr. 10, 1096 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  200. Rall, J. E., 0. H. Pearson, M. B. Lipsett and R. W. Rawson: Metabolic effects in man of the aceticacid analogues of thyroxine and triiodothyronine. J. clin. Endocr. 16, 1299 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  201. Rawson, R. W., W. L. Money, R. L. Kroc, S. Kumaoka, R. S. Benua and R. D. Leeper: A dissociation of thyroid hormonal effects by structural alterations of the thyroxine molecule. Amer. J. med. Sci. 238, 261 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. J. E. Rall, O. H. Pearson, J. Robbins, H. F. Poppell and C. D. West: l-triiodo- thyronine versus l-thyroxine. A comparison of their metabolic effects in human myxedema. Amer. J. med. Sci. 226, 405 (1953).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  203. J. E. Rall, O. H. Pearson, J. Robbins, H. F. Poppell and C. D. West: Today’s thyroidologists and their beckoning frontiers. J. clin. Endocr. 16, 1405 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  204. Robbins, J., and J. E. Rall: The interaction of thyroid hormones and protein in biological fluids. Recent Progr. Hormone Res. 13, 161 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. Roche, J., G. H. Deltour et R. Michel: C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris 144, 1647 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  206. S. Lissitzky et M. T. Benevent: Sur la désioduration des iodotyrosines par le tissu hépatique. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 151, 1666 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  207. R. Michel: Sur la triiodothyronine, produit intermédiaire de la transformation de la diiodothyronine en thyroxine. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 234, 997 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  208. R. Michel: Sur l’origine de la triiodothyronine plasmatique. Acta endocr. (Kbh.) 17, 385 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  209. R. Michel: Sur le métabolisme hépatique des hormones thyroïdiennes. Arch. Sci. biol. 39, 247 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  210. Biochimie des hormones thyroïdiennes. V. Réunion des Endocrinologistes de langue française 1959, p. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  211. R. Michel: Récentes acquisitions sur la nature et le métabolisme des hormones thyroïdiennes. Ergebn. Physiol. 50, 122 (1959).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  212. R. Michel: J. Closon et O. Michel: Sur le métabolisme rénal de la 3:5:3’-triiodo-d-thyronine. C. R. Soc. Biol. ( Paris ) 1956, 2097.

    Google Scholar 

  213. P. Jouan: Sur la présence d’acide 3:5:3’-triiodothyroacétique et de 3:3’-diiodo- thyronine dans les muscles après administrations de l-3:5:3’-triiodothyronine au rat. Bull. Soc. Chim. biol. (Paris) 38, 941 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  214. P. Jouan, W. Wolf: Sur la présence de l’acide 3:5: S’-triiodothyroacétique dans le rein de rats après administration de 3:5: S’-triiodothyronine. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 241, 1880 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  215. P. Jouan Sur la formation de 3: S’-diiodothyronine et d’acide 3:5: 3’-triiodothyroacétique

    Google Scholar 

  216. P. Jouan à partir de la 3:5: S’-triiodothyronine chez le rat. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 150, 2, 254 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  217. Sur le métabolisme de l’acide 3:5:3’-triiodothyroacétique. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 150, 3, 461 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  218. The recovery of 3:5:3’-triiodothyroacetic acid and 3:3’-diiodothyronine from rat kidney after injection of 3:5:3’-triiodothyronine. Endocrinology 59, 425 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  219. O. Michel, R. Michel et J. Tata: Sur l’élimination biliaire de la triiodothyronine et de la thyroxine et sur leur glycuroconjugaison hépatique. Biochim. biophys. Acta 13, 471 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  220. Qn the products of hepatic and renal elimination of thyroxine and triiodothyronine labelled with iodine-131. Radioisotope Conf. 1, 325 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  221. R. Michel, J. Ntjnez et C. Jacquemin: Métabolisme de la 3:3’: 5’-triiodo-l-thyronine (T’3). C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 152, 1640 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  222. W. Wolf: Sur la présence dans le plasma de la 3:3’-diiodothyronine, nouvelle hormone thyroïdienne. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 149, 884 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  223. Romeis, B.: Der Einfluß verschiedenartiger Ernährung auf die Regeneration bei Kaulquappen (Rana esculenta). Arch. Entwickl.-Mech. Org. 37, 183 (1913).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  224. Romeis, B.: Experimentelle Untersuchungen über die Wirkung innersekretorischer Organe. II. Der Einfluß von Thyreoidea- und Thymusfütterung auf das Wachstum, die Entwicklung und die Regeneration von Anurenlarven. Arch. Entwickl.-Mech. Org. 40, 571 (1914).

    Google Scholar 

  225. Romeis, B.: Untersuchungen über die Wirkung des Thyroxins. 2. Über die Wirkung des Thyroxins auf Froschlarven. Biochem. Z. 141, 121 (1923).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  226. Romeis, B.:, u. Th. v. Zwehl: Vergleichende Untersuchungen über die Wirkung von Dijodtyrosin und Thyroxin an Säugetieren. Klin. Wschr. 4, 703 (1925).

    Google Scholar 

  227. Rosenman, R. H., S. 0. Byers and M. Friedman: The mechanism responsible for the altered blood cholesterol content in deranged thyroid states. J. clin. Endoer. 12, 1287 (1952).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  228. Roth, P. C.: Action de la 3:5: S’-l-triiodothyronine sur la métamorphose des têtards de Rana temporaria L. C. R. Soc. Biol. (París) 147, 1140 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  229. Roth, P. C.: Action de l’acide 3:5-diiodo-4(3/, 5/)-düodo-4-hydroxyphénoxy-phénylpropionique sur la métamorphose des têtards de Rana temporaria L. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 149, 1180 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  230. Roth, P. C.: Action de la thyroxamine sur la métamorphose des têtards de Rana temporaria L. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 151, 1130 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  231. Ruegamer, W. R., M. E. Alpert and F. R. Silverman: Thyroxine analogues and cholesterol metabolism: The relative effects of various thyroxine derivates on growth, oxygen consumption and tissue cholesterol concentrations in the rat. Endocrinology 66, 160 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  232. Ruegamer, W. R., M. E. Alpert and F. R. Silverman, and F. R. Silverman: Thyroxine analogues and cholesterol metabolism: The prevention and reversal of elevated liver cholesterol and lipid concentration in the cholesterol fed rate by dietary 3,5-diiodothyroacetic acid. Endocrinology 68, 564 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  233. S. Ytinis: Some properties of a liver T3 and T4 deiodinase system. Fed. Proc. 16, 239 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  234. Sachs, M. L., and W. L. Arons: Thyroid hormones and serum lipids: Effects of 3,5,3’-tri- iodothyropropionic acid on serum lipids in hypothyroid and euthyroid patients. Circulation 18, 491 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  235. Metabolic activity of 3,5,3’-triiodothyropropionic acid in hypothyroid and euthyroid patients. Clin. Res. 7, 62 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  236. Saxén, L., E. Saxén, S. Toivonen and K. Salimäki: Quantitative investigation on the anterior pituitary-thyroid mechanism during frog metamorphosis. Endocrinology 61, 35 (1957).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  237. Schettler, G.: Arteriosklerose. Stuttgart. Georg Thieme 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  238. ScHiMERT, G., W. Schimmler, H. Schwalb u. J. Eberl: Die Coronarerkrankungen. Coronar- insuffizienz, Angina pectoris und Herzinfarkt. In: Handb. der inn. Med. Bd. IX/3, S. 767, Berlin-Göttingen-Heidelberg: Springer 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  239. Schittenhelm, A., u. B. Eisler: Untersuchung der Wirkung des thyreotropen Hormons auf die Tätigkeit der Schüddrüse. Klin. Wschr. 11, 1092 (1932).

    Google Scholar 

  240. Über die Verteilung des Jods im Zentralnervensystem bei Mensch und Tier. Z. exp. Med. 86, 290 (1933).

    Google Scholar 

  241. Selenkow, H. A., and S. P. Asper jr.: Biological activity of compounds structurally related to thyroxine. Physiol. Rev. 35, 426 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  242. Effectiveness of triiodothyronine or thyroxine administered orally in treatment of myxedema. J. clin. Endoer. 15, 285 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  243. Ruegamer, W. R., M. E. Alpert and F. R. Silverman, Ch. A. Plamondon, J. G. Wiswell and S. P. Asper jr.: Studies of thyroxine and some of its analogues. III. The antigoitrogenic properties of several analogues of thyroxine. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 102, 94 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  244. Slater, St., M. Perlmutter, J. Paz-Carranza and M. Numeroff: The effects of several thyroxine analogues upon the thyroidal J131 uptake in man. J. clin. Endoer. 20, 401 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  245. S linge rl and, D. W., and R. K. Josephs: Thyroidal metabolism of diiodotyrosine. Endocrinology 62, 853 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  246. Slowikowska, St.: Recherches expérimentales sur le rôle de la glande thyroïde dans la métamorphose des batraciens. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 89, 1396 (1923).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  247. Sprott, W. E., and N. F. Maclagan: Metabolism of thyroid hormones. The deiodination of thyroxine and triiodothyronine in vitro. Biochem. J. 59, 288 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  248. Stanbury, J. B.: Deiodination of the iodinated amino acid. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sei. 86, Art. 2, 417 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  249. Stanbury, J. B., and M. L. Morris: The metabolism of 3:3’-diiodothyronine in man. J. clin. Endoer. 17, 1324 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  250. Starr, P., and R. Liebhold-Schueck: Theory of thyroid hormone action. Conclusions derived from differences in effect of sodium l-thyroxine, sodium d-thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and potassium iodide on uptake of radioactive iodine by thyroid gland of normal human subjects. Arch, intern. Med. 92, 880 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  251. The effect of Levo-thyroxine, Dextro-thyroxine and Levo-triiodothyronine on the electrocardiogram in myxedema: preliminary report. Ann. intern. Med. 42, 595 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  252. Starr, P., G. Snipes and R. Liebhold-Schueck: Biologic effects of triiodothyronine in human subjects. J. clin. Endoer. 15, 98 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  253. Starr, P., G. Snipes and R. Liebhold-Schueck, P. Roen, J. L. Freibrun and L. A. Schleissner: Reduction of serum cholesterol by sodium dextro-thyroxine. Arch, intern. Med. 105, 830 (I960).

    Google Scholar 

  254. Stasilli, N. R., R. L. Kroc and R. Edlin: Selective inhibition of the calorigenic activities of certain thyroxine analogues with chronic thiouracil treatment in rats. Endocrinology 66, 872 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  255. R. I. Meltzer: Antigoitrogenic and calorigenic activities of thyroxine analogues in rats. Endocrinology 64, 62 (1959).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  256. Strong, R. M.: The order, time, and rate of ossification of the albino rat (Mus norvegicus albinus) skeleton. Amer. J. Anat. 36, 313 (1925–1926).

    Google Scholar 

  257. Sturm, A.: Der Kreislauf des Jods in der Natur und seine Beziehung zum Menschen. Klin. Wschr. 10, 1649 (1931).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  258. Sturm, A.: Über die Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Schilddrüse, Hypophyse und Zwischenhirn. Zbl. inn. Med. 55, 897 (1934).

    Google Scholar 

  259. Sturm, A.: Schilddrüse und Zwischenhirn als Teilgebiet der Neurai-Medizin. Münch, med. Wschr. 97, 1125 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  260. Sturm, A.: Die Beziehungen zwischen Gehirn und Schilddrüse. Pathophysiologia Diencephalica S. 677. Wien: Springer 1958.

    Google Scholar 

  261. Tapley, D. F.: Magnesium balance in myxedematous patients treated with triiodothyronine. Preliminary note. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 96, 274 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  262. Tapley, D. F., and C. Cooper: The effect of thyroxine unrelated compounds on oxidative phosphorylation. J. biol. Chem. 222, 341 (1956).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  263. A. L. Lehninger: Reaction of thyroxine on mitochondria and oxidative phosphorylation. Biochim. biophys. Acta 18, 597 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  264. F. F. Davidoff, W. B. Hatfield and J. E. Ross: Physiological disposition of d- and l-thyroxine in the rat. Amer. J. Physiol. 197, 1021 (1959).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  265. Tata, J. R.: A cellular thyroxine-binding protein fraction. Biochim. biophys. Acta 28, 91 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  266. J. E. Rall and R. W. Rawson: Studies on an iodinated protein in the serum of subjects with cancer of the thyroid. J. clin. Endoer. 16, 1554 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  267. Tatjrog, A. F., I. L. Chaikoff and W. Tong: The monoiodotyrosine content of the thyroid gland. J. biol. Chem. 184, 83 (1950).

    Google Scholar 

  268. G. W. Harris, W. Tong and I. L. Chaikoff: The uptake of J131-labeled thyroxine and triiodothyronine by the neurohypophysis. Endocrinology 59, 34 (1956).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  269. Thibault, O.: Principales donées expérimentales concernant le rôle de la triiodothyronine en tant qu’„hormone thyroïdienne“. Ann. Endoer. (Paris) 14, 732 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  270. Thibault, O.: Action de l’acide triiodothyracétique sur le métabolisme de base du rat éthyroïdé. Ann. Endoer. (Paris) 17, 35 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  271. Thibault, O.: Thyroid hormones at the peripheral tissue level: Metabolism and mode of action. Ciba Found. Colloqu. Endocr. 10, 230 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  272. Thibault, O.:, and R. Pitt-Rivers: Immediate effects of thyroxine analogues on biological oxidations in vitro. Lancet 19551, 285.

    Google Scholar 

  273. Thompson, W. O., Ph. K. Thompson, S. G. Taylor, J. M. Alper and L. F. N. Dickie: The effects of various compounds of thyroxine on the basal metabolism. Endocrinology 18, 228 (1934).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  274. S. B. Nadler and L. F. N. Dickie: The pharmacology of the thyroid in man. J. Amer. med. Ass. 104, 972 (1935).

    Google Scholar 

  275. Tomich, E. G., and E. A. Woollett: The biological activity of triiodothyronine. Lancet 19531, 726.

    Google Scholar 

  276. M. A. Pratt: Some biological actions of iodo-l-thyronines. J. Endocr. 20, 65 (1960).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  277. Tomita, K., and H. A. Lardy: Synthesis and biological activity of some triiodinated analogues of thyroxine. J. biol. Chem. 219, 595 (1956).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  278. Trotter, W. R.: Effect of triiodothyroacetic acid in a case of myxoedema. Lancet 1955 II, 374.

    Google Scholar 

  279. Trotter, W. R.: Effect of triiodothyroacetic acid on blood-cholesterol levels. Lancet 19561, 885.

    Google Scholar 

  280. Trotter, W. R.: Some observations on the clinical effects of triiodothyroacetic acid. Ciba Found. Colloqu. Endocr. 10, 270 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  281. Tuttle, E.: The management of thyroid intolerance: preliminary results with liothyronine. J. Amer. Geriat. Soc. 8, 48 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  282. Uhlenhuth, E.: Relation between thyroid gland, metamorphosis, and growth. J. gen. Physiol. 1, 473 (1919).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  283. Uhlenhuth, E.: Die Morphologie und Physiologie der Salamander-Schilddrüse. Wilhelm Roux’ Arch. Entwickl.-Mech. Org. 109, 611 (1927).

    Google Scholar 

  284. Van Arsdel jr., P., J. R. Hogness, R. H. Williams and N. Elgee: Comparative distribution and fate of J131-labeled thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Endocrinology 55, 332 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  285. Van Arsdel je., P., and K. H. Williams: Alterations in thyroxine-I131 and triiodothyronine- I131 metabolism produced by thyroidectomy, hypophysectomy and adrenalectomy. Amer. J. Physiol. 185, 77 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  286. Vannotti, A.: Hepatic regulation of thyroxine metabolism: Ciba Found. Colloqu. Endocr. 10, 215 (1957a).

    Google Scholar 

  287. Vannotti, A.: Etude de la fonction thyroïdienne avec l’iode radioactif. Basel: Benno Schwabe 1957b.

    Google Scholar 

  288. Vannotti, A.: Die Schilddrüsenhormone. Verh. dtsch. Ges. inn. Med. 66, 29 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  289. Wagner-Jauregg, Th., u. E. Schreiber: Über die Erzeugung basedowartiger Schilddrüsen beim Kaninchen durch Allylthioharnstoff. Biochem. Z. 317, 21 (1944).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  290. Walker, D. G.: An assay of the skeletogenic effect of l-triiodothyronine and its acetic acid analogue in immature rats. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 101, 101 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  291. Webster, B.: Studies in the experimental production of simple goiter. Endocrinology 16, 617 (1932).

    Google Scholar 

  292. Werner, S. C.: Pituitary thyroid relationship in normal and disordered thyroid states. Bull. N. Y. Acad. Med. 29, 523 (1953).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  293. Werner, S. C.: Euthyroid patients with early signs of Graves’ disease. Their responses to l-triiodothyronine and thyrotropin. Amer. J. Med. 18, 608 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  294. Werner, S. C.: Response to triiodothyronine as index of persistance of disease in the thyroid remnant of patients in remission from hyperthyroidism. J. clin. Invest. 35, 57 (1956).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  295. Werner, S. C.:, and Maryloo Spooner: A new and simple test for hyperthyroidism employing l-triiodothyronine and the twenty-four-hour I131-uptake method. Bull. N. Y. Acad. Med. 31, 137 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  296. Weston, R. E.: The effects of 3,5,3’-triiodothyropropionic acid on serum lipids of hyper- cholesterolemic euthyroid and hypothyroid subjects. J. clin. Invest. 38, 1054, 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  297. White, A., and T. F. Daugherty: Role of the adrenal cortex and the thyroid in the mobilization of nitrogen from the tissues in fasting. Endocrinology 41, 230 (1947).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  298. Wilkinson, J. H., and N. F. Maclagan: Effect of an anti-thyroxine compound on the metabolism of radioactive thyroxine and triiodothyronine in rats. Lancet 1953 II, 1024.

    Google Scholar 

  299. Wiswell, J. G., and S. P. Asper: Studies of thyroxine and some of its analogues. Y. Metabolic activity in vitro and in vivo of the acetic analogues of triiodothyronine and thyroxine. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 102, 115 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  300. Wiswell, J. G., and S. P. Asper, K. L. Zierler, M. B. Fasano and S. P. Asper jr.: The effects of l-triiodothyronine on the metabolism of tissues in vitro. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 94, 94 (1954).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  301. Yamazaki, E., A. Nogttchi and D. W. Slingerland: Effect of thyroidectomy on plasma butanolextractable and protein-bound radioiodine levels and on the turnover of radio- thyroxine. J. clin. Endocr. 21, 336 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  302. Yamazaki, E., A. Nogttchi and D. W. Slingerland, and D. W. Slingerland: The in vitro metabolism of thyroxine, triiodothyronine and their acetic and propionic analogues. Endocrinology 64, 126 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  303. Zile, M. H.: Effect of thyroxine and related compounds on monoamine oxidase activity. Endocrinology 66, 311 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  304. Zöllner, N.: Die Normalwerte der Plasmalipoide. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 1959, 386.

    Google Scholar 

  305. Zondek, H.: Das Myxödemherz. Münch, med. Wschr. 1918, 1180.

    Google Scholar 

  306. Yamazaki, E., A. Nogttchi and D. W. Slingerland, H. E. Leszynsky and G. W. Zondek: Triiodothyronine in myxedema and familial sporadic cretinism with goiter. Acta endocr. (Kbh.) 18, 117 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  307. Yamazaki, E., A. Nogttchi and D. W. Slingerland Effect of hypermetabolism on the goiter of a sporadic cretin. Brit. med. J. Nr. 5010,

    Google Scholar 

  308. 1957).

    Google Scholar 

  309. Yamazaki, E., A. Nogttchi and D. W. Slingerland Triac “Stoßtherapy” in sporadic goitrous cretinism. Brit. med. J. 1959 I, 340.

    Google Scholar 

  310. New aspects of thyroid therapy. A. M. A. Arch. int. Med. 106, 15 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  311. J. A. Stein and St. Guttmann: Further studies on the recovery of thyroid function in nonendemic goitrous cretinism. Brit. med. J. 19611, 97.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. H. W. Bansi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Freiburg i.br., Deutschland

    L. Heilmeyer

  2. Frankfurt a.m., Deutschland

    B. de Rudder

  3. Göttingen, Deutschland

    R. Schoen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1962 Springer-Verlag OHG. Berlin · Göttingen · Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Bansi, H.W. (1962). Schilddrüsenhormonanaloge und -metaboliten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer klinischen Anwendung. In: Heilmeyer, L., de Rudder, B., Schoen, R. (eds) Ergebnisse der Inneren Medizin und Kinderheilkunde. Ergebnisse der Inneren Medizin und Kinderheilkunde, vol 18. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-94842-8_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-94842-8_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-94843-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-94842-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation