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The soil

  • Chapter
Die Mineralische Ernährung der Pflanze / Mineral Nutrition of Plants

Abstract

Soil is the uppermost part of the earth crust that has acquired special characteristics by the action of climate and vegetation. Soil is considered a natural dynamic body. the properties of wich depend on the following factors: parent

Schematic picture of the dissolved, exchangeable, fixed, and lattice-bound potassium on illite. ▨ Si-O layer; ▥ Al-O-OH layer; ○ K+ in soil solution; ⨁ Exchangeable K+; ◒ Fixed K+; ● Lattice-bound K+,

material, climate, vegetation, topography, and time of reaction. It consists of solid material of mineral and organic origin, soil solution, and soil air. The soil supplies plants with water and various nutrients. The amounts and availability of these growth factors are intimately connected with the soil properties which therefore are of paramount importance to plants. Especially the physico-chemical behaviour of nutrients, that is their form of existance, solubility, and change from one form to the other, determines their availability to plants.

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  1. Lambert Wiklander
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biologisch Station „Weevers’-Duin“, Duinen 11, Oostvoorne, Holland

    M. J. Adriani

  2. The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

    Alfred Åslander (Assistant Professor) (Assistant Professor)

  3. Botanischen Institut der Universität, Münster/Westf., Schloßgarten 3, Deutschland

    Walter Baumeister (Kustos) (Kustos)

  4. Agrikulturchemischen Institut, Universität Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Deutschland

    W. Bergmann (Oberassistent) (Oberassistent)

  5. Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut der Universität, Wien I, Österreich

    Richard Biebl (Universitätsprofessor) (Universitätsprofessor)

  6. Gießen, Ludwigstr. 23, Deutschland

    Eduard v. Boguslawski

  7. Instituts für Geobotanik, E.T.H., Zürich 44, Zürichbergstr. 38, Schweiz

    Heinz Ellenberg (Direktor) (Direktor)

  8. Pharmakognostisches Institut, Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 170a, Deutschland

    Walter Eschrich

  9. Botanisches Institut der Universität, Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 170, Deutschland

    Hermann Fischer

  10. Universität München, München 19, Menzinger Straße 67, Deutschland

    Fritz Gessner (Professor) (Professor)

  11. Agricultural Research Council Unit of Plant Nutrition (Micro nutrients), University of Bristol, Research Station, Long Ashton, Bristol, Great Britain

    Eric J. Hewitt (Senior Plant Physiologist) (Senior Plant Physiologist)

  12. Statens Planteavls-Laboratorium, Lyngby, Dänemark

    H. L. Jensen (Abteilungsdirektor) (Abteilungsdirektor)

  13. Deutschen Hydrographischen Institut, Hamburg 4, Bernhard-Nocht-Straße 78, Deutschland

    Kurt Kalle (Regierungsrat) (Regierungsrat)

  14. Staatlichen Forschungs- und Beratungsinstitut für Höhenlandwirtschaft, Donaueschingen, Deutschland

    Werner Krause (Regierungsbotaniker) (Regierungsbotaniker)

  15. Department of Forestry, Oxford University, Great Britain

    L. Leyton

  16. Institut für Forstbotanik und Forstgenetik, Universität Göttingen, Hannoversch-Münden, Werraweg 1, Deutschland

    Germaine Linnemann (Wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin) (Wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin)

  17. Institut für physiologische Botanik der Universität, Uppsala, Schweden

    Elias Melin

  18. Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut, Universität Göttingen, Deutschland

    Helmut Metzner

  19. Agrikulturchemisches Institut, Universität Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Deutschland

    G. Michael

  20. Botanisches Institut, Universität Marburg a. d. Lahn, Deutschland

    André Pirson

  21. Division of Food Preservation and Transport, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Homebush, Australia

    R. N. Robertson

  22. Agricultural Research Council Radiobiological Laboratory, Grove, Wantage, Berkshire, Great Britain

    R. Scott Russell M. A., M. Sc., Ph. D. (Director) (Director)

  23. Agrikulturchemischen Instituts, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Gießen, Braugasse 7, Deutschland

    Karl Scharrer (Direktor) (Direktor)

  24. Göttingen, Herzbergerstr. 42, Deutschland

    Th. Schmucker (Universitätsprofessor) (Universitätsprofessor)

  25. Pharmakognostisches Institut, Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 170a, Eingang Nußallee, Deutschland

    Maximilian Steiner (ord. Professor) (ord. Professor)

  26. Institute of Plant Physiology, Royal Agricultural College, Uppsala, Sweden

    Göran Stenlid

  27. University of Birmingham, 21, Elsley Road, Tilehurst, Reading, Berks, Great Britain

    Walter Stiles (Emeritus Professor of Botany) (Emeritus Professor of Botany)

  28. Statens skogsforskningsinstitut, Stockholm 51, Sweden

    Carl Olof Tamm

  29. Kungl. Lantbrukshögskolan, Uppsala 7, Sweden

    Lambert Wiklander

  30. Botanischen Institutes, Technischen Hochschule München, Freising-Weihenstephan bei München, Deutschland

    Hans v. Witsch (Direktor) (Direktor)

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Wiklander, L. (1958). The soil. In: Adriani, M.J., et al. Die Mineralische Ernährung der Pflanze / Mineral Nutrition of Plants. Handbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie / Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-94729-2_6

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