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Die Geschichte der Entdeckung und der klinischen Anwendung von Calciumantagonisten

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Calciumantagonisten
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Zusammenfassung

Die Auffindung hochspezifischer Calciumantagonisten vom Verapamil-, Nifedipin- und Diltiazem-Typ hat neue Wege in Wissenschaft und Therapie gewiesen. Ihr breites therapeutisches Spektrum beweist die große pathophysiologische Bedeutung einer gestörten zellulären Ca2+-Homöostase. Tatsächlich beruhen so unterschiedliche Erkrankungen wie koronare Herzkrankheit (KHK), arterielle Gefäßspasmen, Hypertonie, bestimmte Formen der Kardiomyopathie, der Herzmuskelnekrosen und der Arrhythmien ebenso wie Ca2+-geprägte Typen von Arteriosklerosen letztlich auf einer defekten Kontrolle zellulärer Ca2+-Transportmechanismen. Sie sind dementsprechend mögliche Indikationen für die Therapie mit Calciumantagonisten. Der Einsatz spezifischer Calciumantagonisten als experimentelle Werkzeuge ließ die charismatische Rolle von Ca2+-Ionen als elektrische Ladungsträger und intrazelluläre Messenger erkennen. Sie haben das Interesse der Molekularbiologie auf Ionenkanäle als pharmakologisch steuerbare Mediatoren physiologischer und pathophysiologischer Ca2+-Funktionen gelenkt. Die zelluläre Protektion mittels Calciumantagonisten gegenüber zytotoxischen Ca2+-„Killer“-Effekten erstreckt sich offensichtlich weit über das Myokard hinaus, an dem sie erstmals experimentell nachgewiesen wurde. In dieser Hinsicht erscheinen die Verhütung neuronaler Degenerationen, renaler und hepatischer Zellnekrosen und Ca2+-dominierter Arteriosklerosen als vielversprechende Ziele zukünftiger Calciumantagonistischer Interventionen.

meinen Mann, Prof. Dr. Dr. med. h. c. mult. Albrecht Fleckenstein (1917–1992) gewidmet

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© 1996 Dr. Dietrich Steinkopff Verlag, GmbH & Co. KG, Darmstadt

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Fleckenstein-Grün, G. (1996). Die Geschichte der Entdeckung und der klinischen Anwendung von Calciumantagonisten. In: Kübler, W., Tritthart, H.A. (eds) Calciumantagonisten. Steinkopff. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93678-4_1

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