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Catalysis pp 221–273Cite as

X-Ray Techniques in Catalysis

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Part of the book series: Catalysis ((CATALYSIS,volume 5))

Abstract

X-ray diffraction (XRD) was developed during the first half of the century and was soon applied to identify the solid phases involved in heterogeneous catalysts. Identification was based on the Bragg law giving the lattice spacings which are the fingerprints of any crystalline phase. Soon, this powerful analytical tool was complemented by line broadening analysis (LBA) giving the average crystallite size in the directions perpendicular to the reflecting plane, thus providing a direct evaluation of the state of division of the solid phases. The development of small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) brought another method to determine the particle size and the specific surface area of catalysts. Finally, the theory of X-ray scattering by amorphous matter made possible the determination of the interatomic distances between nearest neighbor atoms in materials which do not even exhibit any diffraction lines.

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  1. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse, 2, Avenue Albert Einstein, F-69626, Villeurbanne, Cedex, France

    Pierre Gallezot

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  1. CSIRO Division of Materials Science, Catalysis and Surface Science Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    John R. Anderson

  2. Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Michel Boudart

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Gallezot, P. (1984). X-Ray Techniques in Catalysis. In: Anderson, J.R., Boudart, M. (eds) Catalysis. Catalysis, vol 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93247-2_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93247-2_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-93249-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-93247-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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