Zusammenfassung
Permeability studies are attempts to describe, as nearly as possible in molecular terms, processes which reflect specific functions of cells and tissues at the level of cellular organization. Research in this rapidly expanding field does not lend itself easily to experimentation and progress depends to a large extent on refinements of old methods and the introduction of new ones. A great versatility and diversity in methods is needed in order to approach the solution of problems which encompass the fields of physiology, morphology, and biological and physical chemistry.
The author’s work is supported in part by research grants (E-1363 and C-3958) from the National Institutes of Health, the United States Public Health Service.
The author’s work is supported by research grants from the National Science Foundation, Washington, D. C., U. S. A.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literature
Alexander, D. P., R. D. Andrews, A. St. G. huggett, D. A. Nixon and W. F. Widdas: The placental transfer of sugars in the sheep: Studies with radioactive sugar. J. Physiol. (London) 129, 352 (1955).
Amoore, J. E., and W. Bartley: The permeability of isolated rat-liver mitochondria to sucrose, sodium chloride and potassium chloride at 0°. Biochem. J. 69, 223 (1958).
Aronoff, S.: Chapter 5 in: Techniques of Radiobiochemistry. The Iowa State College Press, Press Building, Ames, Iowa, U.S.A. 1956.
Atkinson, R. M., B. J. Parsons and D. H. Smyth: The intestinal absorption of glucose. J. Physiol. (London) 135, 581 (1957).
Ball, E. G., D. B. Martin and O. Cooper: Studies on the metabolism of adipose tissue. I: The effect of insulin on glucose utilization as measured by the manometric determination of carbon dioxide output. II: The effect of changes in the ionic composition of the medium upon the response to insulin. J. biol. Chem. 234, 774/781 (1959).
Barrnett, Russell J., and E. G. Ball: Morphologic and metabolic changes produced in rat adipose tissue in vitro by insulin. Science 129, 1282 (1959).
Benson, A. A., B. Maruo, R. J. Flipse, H. W. Yurow and W. W. Miller: Application of the nuclear reactor in biochemical analysis: Neutron activation chromatography. In: Proc. Second United Nations int. Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy. Publ. United Nations 24, Part 1, 289, Geneva 1958.
Berson, S. A., and R. S. Yalow: Recent studies on insulin-binding antibodies, in: Current Trends in Research and Clinical Management of Diabetes. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 82, 338 (1959).
— Quantitative aspects of the reaction between insulin and insulin-binding antibody. J. clin. Invest. 38, 1996 (1959).
Bodo, R. C. DE, N. Altszuler, A. Dunn, R. Steele, D. T. Armstrong and J. S. Bishop: Effects of exogenous and endogenous insulin on glucose utilization and production. In: Current Trends in Research and Clinical Management of Diabetes. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 82, 431 (1959).
Britton, H. G.: The permeability of the human red cell to labeled glucose. Proceedings of the physiological society. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 61 P (1957).
Chargaff, E., C. Levine and C. Green: Techniques for the demonstration by chromatography of nitrogenous lipide constituents, sulfur containing amino acids and reducing sugars. J. biol. Chem. 175, 67 (1948).
Christensen, H. N., H. M. Parker and T. R. Riggs: Non-exchange of carboxyloxygen in mammalian amino acid transport. J. biol. Chem. 233, 1485 (1958).
Coons, A. H., and M. H. Kaplan: Localization of antigen in tissue cells. Improvement in a method for the detection of antigen by means of fluorescent antibody. J. exp. Med. 91, 1 (1950).
Crane, R. K., and S. M. Krane: On the mechanism of the intestinal absorption of sugars. Biochim. biophys. Acta 20, 568 (1956).
— R. A. Field and C. F. Cori: Studies of tissue permeability. I. The penetration of sugars into the Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. J. biol. Chem. 224, 649 (1957).
— Use of charcoal to separate mixtures of inorganic, ester and nucleotide phosphates. Science 127, 285 (1958).
— and S. M. Krane: Studies on the mechanism of the intestinal active transport of sugars. Biochim. biophys. Acta 31, 397 (1959).
Danielli, J. F.: Morphological and molecular aspects of active transport. Symp. Soc. exp. Biol. 8, 502 (1954).
Dutton, H. J., E. P. Jones, L. H. Mason and R. F. Nystrom: Labeling fatty acids by exposure to tritium gas. Proc. IV. int. Congress of Biochemistry, Vienna. Suppl. int. Abstracts of Biological Sciences, 18-1; p. 202. London-New York: Pergamon Press 1958.
Duve, C. DE, and H. G. Hers: Carbohydrate metabolism. Annual Rev. Biochem., Palo Alto 26, 149 (1957).
Eisen, H. N., M. Kern, W. T. Newton and E. Helmreich: A study of the distribution of 2,4-dinitrobenzene sensitizers between isolated lymph node cells and extracellular medium in relation to induction of contact skin sensitivity. J. exp. Med. 110, 187 (1959).
Field, R. A., and C. F. Cori: In preparation, 1960.
Fisher, R. B., and D. B. Lindsay: The action of insulin on the penetration of sugars into the perfused heart. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 131, 526 (1956).
Froesch, E. R., and A. E. Renold: Specific enzymatic determination of glucose in blood and urine using glucose oxidase. Diabetes 5, 1 (1956).
Gammeltoft, A., and K. Kjerulf-Jensen: The mechanism of renal excretion of fructose and galactose in rabbit, rat, dog and man. Acta physiol. scand. 6, 368 (1943).
Glaser, L., and D. H. Brown: Purification and properties of D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. J. biol Chem. 216, 67 (1955).
Hawkins, J. D., and E. D. Wills: Studies on the intestinal absorption of glucose. Biochim. biophys. Acta 23, 210 (1957).
Helmreich, E.: Zuckertransport in Zellen und Geweben ein Ort der Stoffwechselkontrolle? Klinische Physiologie. Stuttgart I, 1, p. 44–86 Georg Thieme 1960.
— and C. F. Cori: Some problems of permeability of tissue cells to sugars. Ciba Found. Coll. Endocr. 9, 227 (1956).
— Studies of tissue permeability. II. The distribution of pentoses between plasma and muscle. J. biol. Chem. 224, 663 (1957).
— and H. N. Eisen: The distribution and utilization of glucose in isolated lymph node cells. J. biol. Chem. 234, 1958 (1959).
Hestrin-lerner, S., and B. Shapiro: Absorption of glucose from the intestine. I: In vitro studies. Biochim. biophys. Acta 12, 533 (1953); II: In vivo and perfusion studies. Biochim. biophys. Acta 13, 54 (1954).
Hillman, R. S., R. B. Landau and J. Ashmore: Structural specificity of hexose penetration of rabbit erythrocytes. Amer. J. Physiol. 196, 1277 (1959).
Holt, C. V., I. Nolte and L. v. Holt: Experiments on tritium labeled insulin. In: Proc. Second United Nations int. Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy. Publ. United Nations, 25, Part 2, 230, Geneva 1958.
Holter, H.: Problems of pinocytosis with special regard to amoebae. In: The biology of the amoeba. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 78, 524 (1959).
Hughes, W. L., V. P. Bond, G. Brecher, E. P. Cronkite, R. B. Painter, H. Quastler and F. G. Sherman: Cellular proliferation in the mouse as revealed by autoradiography with tritiated thymidine. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 44, 476 (1958).
Isbell, H. S.: U.S. Pat. 2653931 (1953). Chem. Abstr. 48, 958 h (1954).
Kallee, E.: Über 131J signiertes insulin. I. Mitteilung (Nachweis). Z. Naturforsch. 7b, 661 (1952).
Kendrew, J. C.: Structure and function in myoglobin and other proteins. Fed. Proc. 18, No. 2, Part I, 740 (1959).
Keston, A. S.: Occurrence of mutarotase in animals: Its proposed relationship to transport and reabsorption of sugars and insulin. Science 120, 355 (1954).
— Specific, colorimetric, and enzymatic, analytical reagent for glucose. Abstracts American Chemical Soc. 129th Meeting, 31 C (1956).
Keynes, R. D., and P. R. Lewis: Sodium and potassium content of cephalopod nerve fibers. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 114, 151 (1951).
Kipnis, D. M., and C. F. Cori: Studies of tissue permeability. III. The effect of insulin on pentose uptake by the diaphragm. J. biol. Chem. 224, 681 (1957).
— and M. W. Noall: Stimulation of amino acid transport by insulin in the isolated rat diaphragm. Biochim. biophys. Acta 28, 226 (1958).
— E. Helmreich and C. F. Cori: Studies of tissue permeability. IV. The distribution of glucose between plasma and muscle. J. biol. Chem. 234, 165 (1959).
— and C. F. Cori: Studies of tissue permeability. V. The penetration and phosphorylation of 2-deoxyglucose in the rat diaphragm. J. biol. Chem. 234, 171 (1959).
— and R. K. Crane: In preparation, 1960.
Kiyasu, J. Y., J. Katz and I. L. Chaikoff: Nature of C14 compounds recovered in portal plasma after enteral administration of C14 labeled glucose. Biochim. biophys. Acta 21, 286 (1956).
Krane, S. M., and R. K. Crane: The accumulation of D-galactose against a concentration gradient by slices of rabbit kidney cortex. J. biol. Chem. 234, 211 (1959).
Lacy, P. E., and J. Davies: Demonstration of insulin in mammalian pancreas by the fluorescent antibody method. Stain Technol. 34, 85 (1959).
Landau, R. B., and T. H. Wilson: The role of phosphorylation in glucose absorption from the intestine of the golden hamster. J. biol. Chem. 234, 749 (1959).
Le Fevre, P. G.: The evidence for active transport of monosaccharides across the red cell membrane. In: Active transport and secretion. Sympos. Soc. exp. Biol. 8, 118 (1954).
— Active transport through animal cell membranes. Protoplasmatologia 8, 7 a (1955).
Levine, R., and M. S. Goldstein: On the mechanism of action of insulin. Recent Progr. Hormone Res. 11, 343 (1955).
Manchester, K. L., and F. G. Young: The effect of insulin on incorporation of amino acids into protein of normal rat diaphragm in vitro. Biochem. J. 70, 353 (1958).
Mirsky, I. A., G. Perisutti and F. J. Dixon: The destruction of I131 labeled insulin by rat liver extracts. J. biol. Chem. 214, 397 (1955).
Moloney, P. J., and M. Coval: Antigenicity of insulin: Diabetes induced by specific antibodies. Biochem. J. 59, 179 (1955).
Mortimore, Glenn E., and F. Tietze: Studies on the mechanism of capture and degradation of insulin-I131 by the cyclically perfused rat liver. In: Current Trends in Research and Clinical Management of Diabetes. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 82, 329 (1959).
Neuberg, C., and E. Strauss: Quantitative formation of osazones. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 11, 457 (1946).
Newey, H., D. H. Smyth and B. C. Whaler: The absorption of glucose by the in vitro intestinal preparation. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 129, 1 (1955).
Ørskov, S. L.: Eine Methode zur fortlaufenden photographischen Aufzeichnung von Volumänderungen der roten Blutkörperchen. Biochem. Z. 279, 241 (1935).
Park, C. R., R. L. Post, C. F. Kalman, J. H. Wright JR., L. H. Johnson and H. E. Morgan: The transport of glucose and other sugars across cell membranes and the effect of insulin. Ciba Found. Coll. Endocr. 9, 240 (1956).
— D. Reinwein, M. J. Henderson, E. Cadenas and H. E. Morgan: The action of insulin on the transport of glucose through the cell membrane. In: Symposium on disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. De Witt Stetten, Jr., Guest Editor. Amer. J. Med. 26, 674 (1959).
Reid, A. F., R. L. Caldwell and J. C. Vanatta: The use of activation analysis and radio-sulfate space to determine intracellular sodium. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 84, 498 (1959).
Reiffel, L., and C. A. Stone: Neutron activation analysis of tissue. Measurements of sodium, potassium and phosphorus in muscle. J. Lab. clin. Med. 49, 286 (1957).
Reinwein, D., C. F. Kalman and C. R. Park: Transport of glucose and other sugars across the cell membrane of the human erythrocyte. Fed. Proc. 16, 237 (1957).
Roe, J. H., and E. W. Rice: A photometric method for the determination of free pentoses in animal tissues. J. biol. Chem. 173, 507 (1948).
Rosenberg, Th.: The Concept and Definition of active transport. In: Active transport and secretion. Sympos. Soc. exp. Biol. 8, 21 (1954).
Ross, E. J.: The transfer of non-electrolytes across the blood-aqueous barrier. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 112, 229 (1951).
Schindewolf, U.: Chemische Analyse durch Neutronen-Reaktionen. Angew. Chem. 70, 181 (1958).
Schmeiser, K., u. D. I. Jerchel: Quantitativer Nachweis von Schwefel, Chlor und Bromenthaltenden Verbindungen auf Papierchromatogrammen mit Hilfe induzierter Radioaktivität. IL Phosphor-Bestimmungen nach Neutron-Aktivierung in Papier-Elektro-pherogrammen. Angew. Chem. 65, 366, 490 (1953).
Schwarz, I. L., C. T. O. Fong, E. A. Popenoe, L. Silver and M. A. Schoessler: Evidence for a covalent attachment of the antidiuretic hormone to its receptor site in the kidney. Proc. Amer. Soc. clin. Invest. 51, 62 (1959).
Siekevitz, Ph.: On the meaning of intracellular structure for metabolic regulation. In: Regulation of cell metabolism. Ciba Foundation Sympos. G. E. W. Wolstenholme and C. M. O’Connor (editors). Boston: Little, Brown and Co. 1959.
Sols, A.: The hexokinase activity of the intestinal mucosa. Biochim. biophys. Acta 19, 144 (1956).
— and G. de la Fuente: Glucosa oxidasa en análisis. Rev. esp. Fisiol. 13, 231 (1957).
— On the substrate specificity of glucose oxidase. Biochim. biophys. Acta 24, 206 (1957).
Somogyi, M.: Determination of blood sugar. J. biol. Chem. 160, 69 (1945).
Spencer, R. P., T. G. Mitchell and E. R. King: Neutron activation of sodium in blood serum. J. Lab. clin. Med. 50, 646 (1957).
Steele, R., W. Bernstein and C. Bjerknes: Single phototube liquid scintillation counting of C14. Applications to an easily isolated derivative of blood glucose. J. appl. Physiol. 10, 319 (1957).
— Influences of glucose loading and of injected insulin on hepatic glucose output. In: Current Trends in Research and Clinical Management of Diabetes. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 82, 420 (1959).
Taggart, J. V.: Mechanisms of renal tubular transport. Amer. J. Med. 24, 774 (1958).
Topper, Y. J., and A. B. Hastings: A study of the chemical origins of glycogen by use of C14 labeled carbon dioxide, acetate and pyruvate. J. biol. Chem. 179, 1255 (1949).
Verzár, F., and E. J. Mcdougall: Absorption from the intestine. London: Longmans, Green and Co. 1936.
Werkheiser, W. C., and W. Bartley: The study of steady-state concentrations of internal solutes of mitochondria by rapid centrifugational transfer to a fixation medium. Biochem. J. 66, 79 (1957).
Wilson, T. H., and R. K. Crane: The specificity of sugar transport by hamster intestine. Biochim. biophys. Acta 29, 30 (1958).
— and B. R. Landau: Specificity of sugar transport by the intestine of the hamster. Amer. J. Physiol. 198, 99 (1960).
Wilzbach, K. E.: Tritium-labeling by exposure of organic compounds to tritium gas. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 79, 1013 (1957).
Winegrad, A. I., and A. E. Renold: Studies on rat adipose tissue in vitro. I. Effects of insulin on the metabolism of glucose, pyruvate and acetate. II. Effects of insulin on the metabolism of specifically labeled glucose. J. biol. Chem. 233, 267/273 (1958).
Wood, H. G.: Significance of alternate pathways in the metabolism of glucose. Physiol. Rev. 35, 841 (1955).
Wool, I. G., and M. E. Krahl: Incorporation of C14 histidine into protein of isolated diaphragms: Interaction of fasting, glucose and insulin. Amer. J. Physiol. 197, 367 (1959).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1961 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Helmreich, E., Crane, R.K. (1961). The Use of Isotopes in the Study of Sugar Transport in Mammalian Cells and Tissues. In: Schwiegk, H., Turba, F. (eds) Künstliche Radioaktive Isotope in Physiologie Diagnostik und Therapie/Radioactive Isotopes in Physiology Diagnostics and Therapy. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-92819-2_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-92819-2_22
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-49048-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-92819-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive