Skip to main content

Panuveitis

Panuveitis

  • Conference paper
Book cover Uveitis

Zusammenfassung

Unter dem Begriff Panuveitis werden alle entzündlichen Erkrankungen zusammengefaßt, welche Vorder- und Hinterabschnitte des Auges gleichzeitig befallen. Den mehr chronischen Formen — endogene Irido-Zyklo-Chorioiditis, Panuveitis im Rahmen von bakteriellen Allgemeinerkrankungen, Parasitosen oder Syndromen unbekannter Ätiologie — wird die Gruppe der akuten Erkrankungen, hervorgerufen durch Bakterien, Pilze oder Viren, gegenübergestellt. Die kurze Beschreibung der wichtigsten klinischen Bilder wird ergänzt durch neuere Anschauungen zur Ätiologie und Pathogenese sowie durch ausgewählte Darstellungen histo-pathologischer Befunde.

Summary

The term panuveitis is applied to all inflammatory diseases afflicting the anterior and posterior segments of the eye simultaneously. There are mainly two groups of panuveitis: First, the more chronic forms, comprising the endogenous irido-cyclo-chorioiditis, the panuveitis occuring in generalized bacterial diseases, in parasitoses, or with syndromes of unknown etiology; second, the acute end- or panophthalmitis caused by metastatic bacterial, fungal, or viral invasion of the ocular tissues. We shall briefly describe the most important clinical pictures of panuveitis, discuss some modern aspects of etiology and pathogenesis and add a few examples of histopathologic descriptions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  1. Abbott RL, Forster RK, Rebell G (1978) Listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis with a black hypopyon. Am J Ophthalmol 86:715.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. American Academy of Ophthalmology (1978) Symposium: Postoperative endophthalmitis. Ophthalmology 85:317.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Aoki K, Ohno S, Ohguchi M, Sugiura S (1978) Familial Behçet’s disease. Jpn J Ophthalmol 22:72.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Augsburger JJ, Henry RY (1978) Retinal aneurysms in adult cytomegalovirus retinitis. Am J Ophthalmol 86:794.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Avendano J, Tanishima T, Kuwabara T (1978) Ocular cryptococcosis. Am J Ophthalmol 86:110.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Babel J (1979) Syndromes inflammatoires uvéaux. J Fr Ophtalmol 2:579.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Bagnarello AG, Berlin AJ, Weinstein AJ, McHenry MC, O’Connor PS (1977) Listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis. Arch Ophthalmol 95:1004.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Ballen PR, Loffredo FR, Painter B (1979) Listeria endophthalmitis. Arch Ophthalmol 97:101.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Bell R, Font RL (1972) Granulomatous anterior uveitis caused by coccidioides immitis. Am J Ophthalmol 74:93.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Berger BB, Weinberg RS, Tessler HH, Wyhinny GJ, Vygantas CM (1979) Bilateral cytomegalovirus panuveitis after high-dose corticosteroid therapy. Am J Ophthalmol 88:1020.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Biglan AW, Glickman LT, Lobes LA (1979) Serum and vitreous toxocara antibody in nematode endophthalmitis. Am J Ophthalmol 88:898.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Bloomfield SE, David DS, Cheigh JS, Kim Y, White RP, Henzel KH, Rubin AL (1978) Endophthalmitis following staphylococcal sepsis in renal failure patients. Arch Int Med 138:706.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Bouza E, Grant S, Jordan MC, Yook RH, Sulit HL (1979) Bacillus cereus endogenous panophthalmitis. Arch Ophthalmol 97:498.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Brown RM, Mendis U (1973) Retinal arteritis complicating herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Br J Ophthalmol 57:344.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Burns CL (1979) Bilateral endophthalmitis in acute bacterial endocarditis. Am J Ophthalmol 88:909.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Burpee JC, Starke WR (1971) Bilateral metastatic intraocular nocardiosis. Arch Ophthalmol 86:666.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Cangeni FE, Friedman AH, Josephberg R (1980) Tuberculoma of the choroid. Ophthalmology 87:252.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Chembley LC, Robertson DM, Smith TF, Campbell RJ (1975) Adult cytomegalovirus inclusion retino-uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol 80:807.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Cibis GW (1975) Neonatal herpes simplex retinitis. Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 196:39.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Cibis G, Glynn JT, Davis EB (1978) Herpes simplex retinitis. Arch Ophthalmol 96:299.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Colvard DM, Robertson DM, O’Duffy JD (1977) The ocular manifestations of Behcet’s disease Arch Ophtalmol 95:1813.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Cutler JE, Binder PS, Paul TO, Beamis JF (1978) Metastatic coccidioidal endophthalmitis. Arch Ophthalmol 96:689.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Darrell RW (1967) Acute tuberculous panophthalmitis. Arch Ophthalmol 78:51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Dean Hart JC, Raistrick ER (1977) Adult toxocariasis. Uniocular retinal lesions in the 20-to 50-year age group. Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 97:164.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Dellon AL, Stark WJ, Chretien PB (1975) Spontaneous resolution of endogenous candida endophthalmitis complicating intravenous hyperalimentation. Am J Ophthalmol 79:648.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Diddie KR, Schanzlin DJ, Mausolf FA, Minckler DS, Trousdale MD (1979) Necrotizing retinitis caused by opportunistic virus infection in a patient with Hodgkin’s disease. Am J Ophthalmol 88:668.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Dilcen N, Konice M, Övül G (1979) Behcet’s disease. Proceedings of the international Symposium on Behcet’s disease, Istanbul, Sept. 29–30, 1977. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Doff BH, Clarkson JG, Rebell G, Forster RK (1980) Endogenous aspergillus fumigatus endophthalmitis in drug abusers. Arch Ophthalmol 98:859.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Duke-Elder St (1966) System of Ophthalmology, Vol. IX, Diseases of the uveal tract. Kimpton, London.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Edwards JE, Foos RY, Montgomerie JZ, Guze LB (1974) Ocular manifestations of candida septicemia: review of 76 cases of hematogenous candida endophthalmitis. Medicine 53:47.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Ehrhorn J, Grosse G, Staib F, Wollensak J (1976) Intraokulare Kryptokokkose. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 168:577.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Elliots JH, O’Day DM, Gutow GS, Podgorski SF, Akrabawi P (1979) Mycotic endophthalmitis in drug abusers. Am J Ophthalmol 88:66.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Font RL, Jakobiec FA (1976) Granulomatous necrotizing retinochorioiditis caused by sporotrichium Schenckii: Report of a case including immunofluorescence and electron microscopical studies. Arch Ophthalmol 94:1513.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Forster RK (1979) Endophthalmitis. In: Duane TD (ed) Clinical Ophthalmology. Vol 4, Chapt 24, Harper and Row, Hagerstown, pp 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Forster RK, Zachary JG, Cottingham AJ, Norton EWD (1976) Further observations on the diagnosis, cause and treatment of endophthalmitis. Am J Ophthalmol 81:52.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Frantz JF, Lemp MA, Font RL, Stone R, Eisner E (1974) Acute endogenous panophthalmitis caused by Clostridium perfringens. Am J Ophthalmol 78:295.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Gammon JA, Schwab J, Joseph P (1980) Gentamycin-resistent Serratia marcescens endophthalmitis. Arch Ophthalmol 98:1221.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Gass JDM, Olsen CL (1976) Sarcoidosis with optic nerve and retinal involvement. Arch Ophthalmol 94:945.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Giles CL, Handleman J (1976) Pan-Uveitis, presenting symptom of systemic sarcoidosis in a child. J Ped Ophthalmol 13:189.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Hallett JW (1975) Disorders of the uveal tract. In: Harley RD (ed) Pediatric Ophthalmology. Saunders, Philadelphia London Toronto, pp 326–340.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Hayasaka S, Hayasaka J (1979) Cathepsin B and collagenolytic cathepsin in the aqueous humor of patients with Behcet’s disease. Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 210:103.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Hinzpeter EN, Eisert S, Naumann GOH, Utermann D (1976) Zur Klinik der metastatischen mykotischen Endophthalmitis. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 168:303.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Hoefnagels KLJ, Pijpers PM (1967) Histoplasma capsulatum in a human eye. Am J Ophthalmol 63:715.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Jampol LM, Strauch BS, Albert DM (1973) Intraocular nocardiosis. Am J Ophthalmol 76:568.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Johnson BL, Wisotzkey HM (1977) Neuroretinitis associated with herpes simplex encephalitis in an adult. Am J Ophthalmol 83:481.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Klintworth GK, Hollingsworth AS, Lusman PA, Bradford WD (1973) Granulomatous Chorioiditis in a case of disseminated histoplasmosis. Arch Ophthalmol 90:45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Lissner GS, O’Grady R, Choromokos E (1978) Endogenous intraocular nocardia asteroides in Hodgkin’s disease. Am J Ophthalmol 86:388.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. May DR, Peyman GA, Raichand M, Friedman E (1978) Metastatic peptostreptococcus intermedius endophthalmitis after a dental procedure. Am J Ophthalmol 85:662.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. McBeath DL, Goldberg L (1979) Isolation of meningococci in meningococcal endophthalmitis. Can J Ophthalmol 14:51.

    Google Scholar 

  50. McMoli TE, Mordi VPN, Grange A, Abiose A (1978) Tuberculous panophthalmitis. J Ped Ophthalmol 15:383.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Michelson PE, Stark W, Reeser F, Green WR (1971) Endogenous candida endophthalmitis. Int Ophthalmol Clin 11:-No. 3, 125.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Michelson PE, Ruff R, Efthimiadis B (1975) Endogenous candida endophthalmitis leading to bilateral corneal perforation. Am J Ophthalmol 80:800.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Michelson JB, Shields JA, McDonald PR, Manko MA, Abraham AA, Federman JL (1978) Retinitis secondary to acquired systemic toxoplasmosis with isolation of the parasite. Am J Ophthalmol 86:548.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Mills PV (1977) Ocular cytomegalic inclusion disease in the adult Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 97:501.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Minckler DS, McLean EB, Shaw CM, Hendrickson A (1976) Herpesvirus hominis encephalitis and retinitis. Arch Ophthalmol 94:89.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Mousel DK, Missall SR (1979) Panuveitis and retinitis in neonatal herpes simplex infection. J Ped Ophthalmol 16:7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Naidoff MA, Green WR (1975) Endogenous aspergillus endophthalmitis occurring after kidney transplantation. Am J Ophthalmol 79:502.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Naumann GOH, Gass JDM, Font RL (1968) Histopathology of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Am J Ophthalmol 65:533.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Neumann E, Gunders AE (1973) Pathogenesis of the posterior segment lesion of ocular onchocerciasis. Am J Ophthalmol 75:82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Nichols CW, Eagle RC, Yanoff M, Menocal NG (1980) Conjunctival biopsy as an aid in the evaluation of the patient with suspected sarcoidosis. Ophthalmology 87:287.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Obenauf CD, Shaw HE, Syndor CF, Klintworth GK (1978) Sarcoidosis and its ophthalmic manifestations. Am J Ophthalmol 86:648.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Oesterle CS, Kronenberg HA, Peyman GA (1977) Endophthalmitis caused by an Erwinia species. Arch Ophthalmol 95:824.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Oniki S, Inone Y, Kawata K (1976) Ocular Arthus reaction with reference to immunologic retinal vasculitis: its possible relation to Behcet’s disease. Jpn J Ophthalmol 20:41.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Palmer EA (1980) Endogenous candida endophthalmitis in infants. Am J Ophthalmol 89:388.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Paul EV, Zimmerman LE (1970) Some observations on the ocular pathology of onchocerciasis. Human Pathol 1:581.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Pavon-Langston D, Brockhurst RJ (1969) Herpes simplex panuveitis. Arch Ophthalmol 81:783.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Perry HT, Font RL (1977) Clinical and histopathologic observations in severe Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 83:242.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Ramsey MS, Willis NR (1972) Endogenous candida endophthalmitis. Can J Ophthalmol 7:126.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Reensted P, Hansen B (1979) Chorioretinitis of the newborn with herpes simplex virus type 1. Report of a case. Acta Ophthalmol 57:1096.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Rios Montenegro EN, Israel CW, Nicol WG, Smith JL (1969) Histopathologic demonstration of spirochetes in the human eye. Am J Ophthalmol 67:335.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Rodenbiker HT, Ganley JP (1980) Ocular Coccidioidomycosis. Surv Ophthalmol 24:263.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Ross WH, Sutton HFS (1980) Acquired syphilitic uveitis. Arch Ophthalmol 98:496.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Schlaegel TF (1979) Symptoms and signs of uveitis. In: Duane TD (ed) Clinical Ophthalmology. Vol 4, Chapt 32, Harper and Row, Hagerstown, pp 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Schlaegel TF (1979) Bacterial uveitis (tuberculous and syphilitic). In: Duane TD (ed) Clinical Ophthalmology. Vol 4, Chapt 44, Harper and Row, Hagerstown, pp 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Schlaegel TF (1979) Uveitis associated with other bacterial infections. In: Duane TD (ed) Clinical Ophthalmology. Vol 4, Chapt 45, Harper and Row, Hagerstown, pp 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Schlaegel TF (1979) Uveitis associated with viral infections. In: Duane TD (ed) Clinical Ophthalmology. Vol 4, Chapt 46, Harper and Row, Hagerstown, pp 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Schlaegel TF (1979) Uveitis of suspected viral origin. In: Duane TD (ed) Clinical Ophthalmology. Vol 4, Chapt 47, Harper and Row, Hagerstown, pp 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Schlaegel TF (1979) Presumed ocular histoplasmosis. In: Duane TD (ed) Clinical Ophthalmology. Vol 4, Chapt 48, Harper and Row, Hagerstown, pp 1–19.

    Google Scholar 

  79. Schlaegel TF (1979) Rare types of mycotic uveitis. In: Duane TD (ed) Clinical Ophthalmology. Vol 4, Chapt 49, Harper and Row, Hagerstown, pp 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  80. Schlaegel TF (1979) Toxoplasmosis. In: Duane TD (ed) Clinical Ophthalmology. Vol 4, Chapt 51, Harper and Row, Hagerstown, pp 1–16.

    Google Scholar 

  81. Schlaegel TF, Knox DL (1979) Uveitis and parasitoses. In: Duane TD (ed) Clinical Ophthalmology, Vol 4, Chapt 52, Harper and Row, Hagerstown, pp 1–16.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Schlaegel TF, Coles RS (1979) Uveitis and miscellaneous general diseases. In: Duane TD (ed) Clinical Ophthalmology. Vol 4, Chapt 53, Harper and Row, Hagerstown, pp 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  83. Scott EH (1974) New concepts in toxoplasmosis. Surv Ophthalmol 18:255.

    Google Scholar 

  84. Shammas HF (1977) Endogenous E. coli endophthalmitis. Surv Ophthalmol 21:429.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Sher NA, Hill CW, Eifrig DE (1977) Bilateral intraocular nocardia asteroides infection. Arch Ophthalmol 95:1415.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Shields JA, Lerner HA, Feiberg NT (1977) Aqueous cytology and enzymes in nematode endophthalmitis. Am J Ophthalmol 84:319.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Shields JA, Wright DM, Augsburger JJ, Wolkowicz MJ (1980) Cryptococcal Chorioretinitis. Am J Ophthalmol 89:210.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Snead JW, Stern WH, Whitcher JP, Okumoto M (1977) Listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis. Am J Ophthalmol 84:337.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Snyder DA, Tessler HH (1980) Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 90:69.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Solomon DA, Horn BR, Byrd RB, Lorfel RS, Griggs GA (1978) Diagnosis of sarcoidosis by conjunctival biopsy. Chest 74:271.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Spalton DJ (1979) Fundus changes in sarcoidosis. Review of 33 patients with histological confirmation. Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 99:167.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Straub W, Strempel I (1978) Beitrag zur okulären Sarkoidose. Adv Ophthalmol 36:245.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Sugiura S (1978) Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. Jpn J Ophthalmol 22:9.

    Google Scholar 

  94. Sundmacher R (1975) Zur Diagnose des Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndroms. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 166:540.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Taylor JRW, Cibis GW, Hamtil LW (1980) Endophthalmitis complicating haemophilus influenzae type B meningitis. Arch Ophthalmol 98:324.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Thiel HJ, Korenke HD (1975) Generalisierte Sarkoidose mit Gehirn-und Augenbeteiligung. Ophthalmologica 170:393.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Tillmann W (1978) Zur Harada’schen Krankheit. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 173:243.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. de Venecia G, Zu Rhein GM, Pratt MV, Kisken W (1971) Cytomegalic inclusion retinitis. A clinical, histopathologic, and ultrastructural study. Arch Ophthalmol 86:44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Wallow THL, Arnold W (1972) Electron microscopic demontration of intraretinal virus particles in cytomegalic inclusion disease. Ophthalmol Res 4:211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  100. Weinreb RN, Kimura SJ (1980) Uveitis associated with sarcoidosis and angiotensin converting enzyme. Am J Ophthalmol 89:180.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Weinstein GS, Mondino BJ, Weinberg RJ, Biglan AW (1979) Endophthalmitis in a pediatric population. Ann Ophthalmol 11:935.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. De Wolff-Rouendaal D (1979) Bilateral metastatic endophthalmitis caused by staphylococcus aureus: a clinico-pathological case history. Doc Ophthalmol 48:319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  103. Wright BE, Bird AC, Hamilton AM (1978) Placoid pigment epitheliopathy and Harada’s disease. Br J Ophthalmol 62:609.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Wyhinny GJ, Apple DJ, Guastella FR, Vygantas CM (1973) Adult cytomegalic inclusion retinitis. Am J Ophthalmol 76:773.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Yanoff M, Allman MJ, Fine BS (1978) Congenital herpes simplex virus, Type 2, bilateral endophthalmitis. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 75:325.

    Google Scholar 

  106. Zakka KA, Foos RY, Brown WJ (1978) Intraocular coccidioidomycosis. Surv Ophthalmol 22:313.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Zimmerman LE (1970) Changing concepts concerning the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. Am J Ophthalmol 69:947

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1981 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Witschel, H., Sundmacher, R. (1981). Panuveitis. In: Jaeger, W. (eds) Uveitis. Deutsche Ophthalmologische Gesellschaft Bericht über die 78. Zusammenkunft in Kiel 1980, vol 78. J.F. Bergmann-Verlag, Munich. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-88589-1_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-88589-1_6

  • Publisher Name: J.F. Bergmann-Verlag, Munich

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-8070-0325-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-88589-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics