Abstract
The paper presents a statistical examination of sets of chemical analyses of six spilitic rock series of different geographic position and age. It is shown that the frequency distribution patterns of the major elements generally correspond with normality, while most trace elements display the lognormal distribution pattern. All spilitic associations under examination differ in petrochemical features from other related rock series, representing statistically specific populations. Nevertheless, the obtained statistical data strongly suggest various origins of individual spilitic rock series. Thus the writer fully supports the opinion of the polygenesis of spilites, i.e., that they may be the products of magmatic, metasomatic and metamorphic processes. Basing on a quantitative analysis of the spilite reaction, a new reaction scheme is proposed, applicable to interpreting the origin of secondary varieties of these rocks. It is also suggested to restrict the term “spilite” to initial volcanites exhibiting specific chemical, mineral and textural features.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
ABRAMOVICH, I.I., VYSOKOOSTROVSKAYA, E.B., DOROFEYEVA, E.F. (1963): On manganese-iron ratio in magmatic rocks. Geokhimya 1963, 11, 996–1001 (in Russian).
ABRAMOVICH, I.I., VYSOKOOSTROVSKAYA, E.B. (1964): Titanium-iron ratio in rocks of heterogeneous magmas. Geokhimya 1964, 7, 641–645 (in Russian).
AHRENS, L.H. (1954): The lognormal distribution of the elements. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta vol. 5, 49–73.
AHRENS, L.H. (1963): Lognormal-type distributions in igneous rocks-V. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta vol. 27, 877–890.
AHRENS, L.H. (1964): Element distributions in igneous rocks-VII. A reconnaissance survey of the distribution of SiO2 in granitic and basaltic rocks. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta vol. 28, 271–290.
AHRENS, L.H. (1966): Element distribution in specific igneous rocks-VIII. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta vol. 30, 109–122.
AMSTUTZ, G.C. (1954): Geologie und Petrographie der Ergußgesteine im Verrucano des Glarner Freiberges. Vulkaninstitut Immanuel Friedländer, Publ. 5, Zürich, 150.
AMSTUTZ, G.C. (1968): Spilites and spilitic rocks: in Basalts, the Poldervaart Treatise on rocks of basaltic composition. Ed. H.H. Hess, Iritersci. Publ., vol. 2, 737–753.
BATTEY, M.H. (1956): The petrogenesis of a spilitic rock series from New Zealand. Geol. Mag., vol. 93, 89–110.
BIRKENMAJER, K., NARĘBSKI, W. (1960): Precambrian amphibolite complex and granitization phenomena in Wedel Jarlsberg Land, Vestspitsbergen. Studia Geol. Polon., vol. 4, 37–82.
BONDARENKO, V.N. (1967): Statistical methods of examinations of volcanogenic complexes. “Nedra” Moscow, 134 (in Russian).
BUTLER, J.R. (1964): Concentration trends and frequency distribution patterns in igneous rock types. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta vol.28, 2013–2024.
CLARKE, F.W., WASHINGTON, H.S. (1924): The composition of the earth crust. U.S. Geol. Surv. Profess. Papers 127.
DEWEY, H., FLETT, J.S. (1911): British pillow lavas and the rocks associated with them. Geol. Mag. 563, Doc. 5, vol. 8, 202–209, 241–243.
DZIEDZICOWA, H. (1958): Metasomatism of the Permian “Melaphyres” from Swierki (Lower Silesia). Ann. Soc. Geol. Pologne, vol. 28, 79–106.
ESKOLA, P., VUORISTO, U., RANKAMA, K. (1937): An experimental illustration of the spilite reaction. Comm. Geol. Finl. Bull, No. 119, 61–68.
GJELSVIK, T. (1958): Extremely soda rich rocks in the Karelian zone, Finnmarksvidda, Northern Norway. A contribution to the discussion of the spilite problem. Geol. Fören. Stockholm Förh, vol. 80, 381–406.
GRIFFITHS, J.C. (1962): Statistical methods in sedimentary petrography. In: Milner H.B., Sedimentary petrography, vol. I, 565–617.
HENTSCHEL, H. (1960): Basischer Magmatismus in der Geosynklinale. Geol. Rundsch., vol. 50, 33–45.
IVANOV, D.N., KOSKO, M.K. (1965): Linear parageneses of the main rock-forming elements of the andesite-basalts of Kamchatka. Doklady Akad. Nauk USSR, vol. 164, 6, 1363–1365 (in Russian).
JAFFEE, F.C. (1955): Les ophiolites et les roches connexes dela region du Col des Gets (Chablais, Haut Savois). Schweiz. Min. Petr. Mitt., vol. 35, 1–150.
JIZBA, J.V. (1959): Frequency distribution of elements in rocks. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta vol. 16, 79–82.
JUTEAU, Th., ROCCI, G. (1966): Etude chimique du massif volcanique dévonien de Schirmeck (Vosges Septentrionales). Evolution d’une série spilite-kératophyre. Sci. de la Terre, vol. XI, 1, 68–104, Nancy.
KUTOLIN, V.A. (1967): Certain problems involved in petrochemistry and petrology of basalts. Doklady Akad. Nauk USSR, vol. 176, 3, 683.
KUTOLIN, V.A. (1968): Statistical petrochemical criteria of formational appartenance for basalts and dolerites. Doklady Akad. Nazk USSR, vol. 178, 2, 434–437 (in Russian).
LEBIEDINSKII, V.I. (1964): Genesis and classification of the spilitekeratophyre formation. Petrographic processes and the problems of petrogenesis. Reports Soviet Geol. XXII Sess. Intern. Geol. Congr., Probl. 16, Moscow, 31–43 (in Russian, English abstract).
LEBIEDINSKII, V.I., MAKAROV, N.N. (1962): Volcanism of the Upper Crimea. Izd. A.N. USSR, Kiev, 207.
LOEVINSON-LESSING, F.J. (1925): On the separation of basalts and andesites. Izvestia Geol. Kom., vol. 44, 4.
MERILÄINEN, K. (1961): Albite diabases and albitites in Enontekiö and Kittilä, Finland. Bull. Comm. Geol. Finlande No. 19 5, 75.
MüLLER, R.L., KAHN, J.S. (1962): Statistical analysis in the geological sciences. 483, J. Wiley and Sons.
NARĘBSKI, W. (1964): Petrochemistry of pillow lavas of the Kaczawa Mountains and some general petrogenetical problems of spilites. Prace Muzeum Ziemi (Travaux de Musée de la Terre), vol. 7, 69–206, Warszawa.
NARĘBSKI, W. (1966): Geochemistry of elements of the iron group in amphibolites of the Hecla Hoek Succession in Wedel Jarlsberg Land, Vestspitsbergen. Arch. Mineral., vol. XXVI, 1–2, 167–214, Warszawa.
NARĘBSKI, W. (1968a): Über die petrogenetische Bedeutung von Spurenelement-Paragenesen der Eisengruppe in den initialen Vulkaniten einiger kaledonischer Geosynklinalen. Freiberg. Forschungsh. C 231, 259–265, Leipzig.
NARĘBSKI, W. (1968): Geochemistry and the problem of origin of metabasic rocks of the Rudawy Janowickie Mts (E Karkonosze). Bull. Acad. Polon. Sci. ser. sci. geol. geogr. vol. XVI, 1, 1–7, Warszawa.
NIGGLI, P. (1923): Anwendungen der mathematischen Statistik auf Probleme der Mineralogie und Petrologie. N.J. Miner. Beil. Bd. XLVIII, 167–222.
PODOLSKII, J.V. (1962): Linear parageneses of the major elements in alkaline rocks of the central part of the Kola penninsula. Doklady A.N. USSR, vol. 146, 2, 443–446 (in Russian).
PODOLSKII, J.V. (1963): Linear parageneses of the major elements in rocks of the spilite keratophyre formation. Doklady A.N. USSR, vol. 152, 4, 975–978 (in Russian).
RICHARDSON, W.A., SNEESBY, G. (1922): The frequency distribution of igneous rocks. Miner. Mag., vol. 19, No. 97, 303–313.
RITTMANN, A. (1967): Die Bimodalität des Vulkanismus und die Herkunft der Magmen. Geol. Rundsch. Bd. 57, 1, 277–295.
ROCCI, G., JUTEAU, Th. (1968): Spilite-keratophyres et ophiolites; influence de la traversée d’un socle sialique sur le magmatisme initial. Geol. en Mijnbouw. vol. 47, 5, 330–339.
RODIONOV, D.A. (1964): Frequency distribution functions of elements and minerals in igneous rocks. Nauka, Moscow, 101 (in Russian).
ROGERS, J.J., ADAMS, J.A.S. (1963): Lognormality of thorium concentrations in the Convay granite. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta vol. 27, 7, 775–783.
SCHIDLOWSKI, M., STAHL, W., AMSTUTZ, G.C. (1970): Oxygen and carbon isotope abundances in carbonates of spilitic rocks from Glarus, Switzerland. Die Naturwissenschaften 57, 542–543.
SCHIDLOWSKI, M., STAHL, W. (1971): Kohlenstoff- und Sauerstoff-Isotopenuntersuchungen an der Karbonatfraktion alpiner Spilite und Serpentinite sowie von Weilburgiten des Lahn-Dill-Gebietes. N. Jb. Miner. Abh. 115, 252–278.
SHARAPOV, I.P. (1965): Application of mathematical statistics in geology. Nedra, Moscow, 259 (in Russian).
SHARFMAN, V.S. (1968): On the average chemical composition of spilites. Doklady A.N. USSR, vol. 180, 1, 202–203 (in Russian).
SHAW, D.M. (1961): Element distribution laws in geochemistry. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta vol. 23, 2, 116–134.
SHAW, D.M., BANKIER, J.D. (1953): Statistical methods applied to geochemistry. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta vol. 5, 111–113.
SHTEINBERG, D.S. (1964): On the chemical classification of effusive rocks. Trudy Inst. Geol. Uralsk. Fil. A.N. USSR wyp 72, 106, Sverdlovsk (in Russian).
SUNDIUS, N. (1930): On the spilite rock. Geol. Mag. 67, 1–17.
TEISSEYRE, J. (1968): On the Old-Paleozoic volcanism in the West Sudetes. Acta Geol. Polon, vol. XVIII, 1, 239–256, Warszawa.
TEISSEYRE, J. (1968b): On the age and petrogenesis of metavolcanic rocks of the Rudawy Janowickie and Lasocki Ridge. Bull. Acad. Polon. Sci. ser. sci. geol. geogr., vol. XVI, 1, 9–15, Warszawa.
TURNER, F.J. (19 48): Mineral and structural evolution of metamorphic rocks. Geol. Soc. Amer. Mem. 30.
TURNER, F.J., VERHOOGEN, J. (1960): Igneous and metamorphic petrology. 2nd ed., New York: McGraw-Hill.
VALLANCE, T.G. (1960): Concerning spilites. Linnean Soc. N.S. Wales Proc., vol. 85, 1, 8–52.
VIELINSKII, V.V. (1968): Cambrian volcanism of the West Sayans. Nauka, Novosibirsk, 153 (in Russian).
VOLK, W. (1958): Applied statistics for engineers. New York: McGraw-Hill.
VISTELIUS, A.B. (1958): Paragenesis of sodium, potassium and uranium in volcanic rocks of Lassen Volcanic National Park, California. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta vol. 14, 29–34.
VISTELIUS, A.B. (1960): Skew frequency distributions and fundamental law of geochemical processes. Jour. Geol., vol. 68, 1–22.
VUAGNAT, M. (1946): Sur quelques diabases suisses. Contribution à l’étude du problème des spilites et des pillow lavas. Min. Petr. Mitt., vol. 26, 116–228.
VUAGNAT, M. (1949): Variolites et spilites. Comparaison entre quelques pillow lavas brittaniques et alpines. Arch. Sci. Fasc. 2, Genève, 223–236.
WELLS, A.K. (1923): The nomenclature of the spilitic suite. Pt. II: The problem of spilites. Geol. Mag., vol. 60, 62–74.
ZAWARITSKII, V.A. (1946): The spilite-keratophyre formation in the region of Blyava deposit in the Ural Mountains. Trudy Inst. Geol. Nauk 71, Moscow, 1–83 (in Russian).
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1974 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Narebski, W. (1974). A Statistical Study of Specific Petrochemical Features of Some Spilitic Rock Series. In: Amstutz, G.C. (eds) Spilites and Spilitic Rocks. International Union of Geological Sciences, vol 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-88230-2_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-88230-2_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-88232-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-88230-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive