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Chemical Composition of Wood

  • Chapter
Principles of Wood Science and Technology

Abstract

The walls of wood cells are composed of three principal chemical materials, cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, all of which are polymeric. With the initiation of daughter cells through cell division at the cambium, new walls are formed, the primary wall which encloses the new unit, and the middle lamella or intercellular layer which separates adjoining cells. Both of these regions are rich in pectic material. During the phase of cell wall thickening, cellulose and hemicelluloses are synthesized within the cell and deposited onto the primary wall, forming a secondary wall. The formation of lignin begins before this phase is complete (cell elongation may still be going on), starting at the cell corners and spreading along the primary wall and intercellular layer. Finally, lignification proceeds to the secondary wall after which the cell dies and the remaining cytoplasmic débris is deposited on the lumen walls in the form of a terminal lamella or a warty membrane.

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  1. Wilfred A. Côté
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Côté, W.A. (1968). Chemical Composition of Wood. In: Principles of Wood Science and Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87928-9_2

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