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Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a New Diagnostic Criterion in Paediatric Airway Obstruction

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Part of the book series: Progress in Pediatric Surgery ((PEDIATRIC,volume 27))

Summary

Magnetic resonance imaging of the trachea was performed in 21 children with congenital or acquired narrowing of the trachea or main bronchi. Diagnosis included aortic arch anomalities, innominate artery compression, pulmonary artery compression and tracheomalacia. All patients were examined after bronchoscopy. The demonstration of the trachea and the surrounding tissue and vessels on MR images enables the cause of tracheal compression and the degree and location of collapse to be evaluated. MRI is a modality well suited to characterizing tracheal narrowing without employing ionizing radiation or intravenous contrast medium. All MRI examinations were carried out with the patient under general anaesthesia so as not to risk pulmonary deterioration during sedation. In the cases presented MRI is the diagnostic step of choice after tracheo-bronchoscopy and broadens the diagnostic potential in extrinsic tracheal or bronchial stenosis in paediatric patients.

Zusammenfassung

Magnetresonanzuntersuchungen (MRI) der Trachea wurden bei 21 Kindern mit angeborenen oder erworbenen Stenosen der Trachea oder der Hauptbronchien durchgeführt. Die Diagnosen umfaßten Aortenbogenanomalien, Truncus-brachiocephalicus-Kompressionen, A.-pulmonalisKompressionen und Tracheomalazie. Alle Patienten wurden der Untersuchung nach vorausgegangener Bronchoskopie unterzogen. Die Darstellung der Trachea, des umgebenden Gewebes und der großen Gefäße im MRI erlaubt die Diagnose der Ursache des Trachealkollapses. MRI ist eine geeignete Technik zur Charakterisierung der Trachealkompression ohne Anwendung ionisierender Strahlung oder intravenöser Kontrastmittel. Alle MRI-Untersuchungen wurden unter Vollnarkose durchgeführt, um die Gefahr einer pulmonalen Verschlechterung durch Sedierung auszuschalten. In den beschriebenen Fällen war MRI die diagnostische Methode der Wahl nach Tracheobronchoskopie und erweiterte das diagnostische Spektrum bei Tracheal- und Bronchusstenosen bei Kindern.

Résumé

L’imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) ou résonance magnétique nucléaire a été utilisée pour obtenir des images de la trachée dans le cas de 21 enfants présentant un rétrécissement congénital ou acquis de la trachée ou des bronches principales. On diagnostiqua des anomalies del’arc aortique, des compressions de l’artere pulmonaire, d’autres arteres et des trachéomalacies primitives. Tous les patients furent examinés après bronchoscopie. Les images de la trachée et des tissus adjacents, obtenues par résonance magnétique électronique, permettent d’évaluer la cause de la compression trachéale et le degré et la localisation du collapsus. Cette technique permet de distinguer un rétrécissement de la trachée sans avoir recours à la radiation ionisante et à l’injection intraveineuse d’un produit de contraste. Tous les examens effectués par résonance magnétique ont été pratiqués sous anesthésie générale afin de ne pas risquer une détérioration pulmonaire durant la sédation. Dans les cas présentés, l’imagerie par résonance magnétique est la technique diagnostique de choix après tracheo-broncoscopie et vient compléter avantageusement les possibilités diagnostiques des sténoses tracheales ou bronchiques en pédiatrie.

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© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Hofmann, U., Hofmann, D., Vogl, T., Wilimzig, C., Mantel, K. (1991). Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a New Diagnostic Criterion in Paediatric Airway Obstruction. In: Myers, N.A., Angerpointner, T.A. (eds) Paediatric Thoracic Surgery. Progress in Pediatric Surgery, vol 27. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87767-4_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87767-4_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-87769-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-87767-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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